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Biomedical subjects

K Ishimaru

Publications and source records attributed to K Ishimaru.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Intraoperative monitoring of penile and buttock blood flow during endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the pelvic circulation during endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) with a new monitoring system measuring penile and buttock blood flow. METHODS: We measured penile brachial pressure index (PBI) during EVAR by pulse-volume-plethysmography (form PWV/ABItrade mark). We also measured bilateral gluteal tissue oxygen metabolism with near-infrared spectroscopy to provide a gluteal tissue oxygenation index (TOI). Twenty-two men who underwent aortouni-iliac stentgraft with crossover bypass for exclusion of abdominal aortic aneurysm were studied. Twelve patients underwent aorto-uni-common iliac artery stentgraft (CIA) and ten underwent aorto-uni-external iliac artery stentgraft (EIA). RESULTS: In all patients, there was an immediate reduction in PBI during the EVAR procedure. After revascularization of the ipsilateral limb of the stent graft, the recovery of PBI was significantly less in EIA group. After the completion of crossover bypass, PBI in both groups recovered to the baseline values. In both groups there was a bilateral reduction in gluteal TOI during malperfusion of the internal iliac artery. After revascularization of ipsilateral limb of the stent graft, the ipsilateral TOI recovered to the baseline level in CIA patients, but recovery was incomplete in EIA patients. In contrast, contra-lateral TOI remained low in both groups after revascularization of ipsilateral limb of the stent graft. Only after completion of crossover bypass did the contra-lateral TOI recover to baseline level in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both TOI at the buttocks and PBI are a sensitive reflection of pelvic haemodynamics. Penile blood flow and bilateral gluteal blood flow are supplied via different circulations and both should be monitored for full assessment of the pelvic circulation.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Clinico-pathological study of meningiomas with haemorrhagic onset.

BACKGROUND: Haemorrhage from meningiomas is rare and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain to be determined. We sought to identify these mechanisms by studying clinical and histological records of 6 meningioma patients treated at our institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 6 patients with meningiomas whose acute onset was due to haemorrhage. We evaluated clinical features and imaging studies. The vascularity and proliferative nature of these tumours were examined immunohistochemically and tissue factor (TF) immunoreactivity was assessed. For comparison we evaluated 25 non-haemorrhagic meningiomas. FINDINGS: At onset, the haemorrhages mimicked stroke in all 6 patients. On imaging studies, 3 of the haemorrhages were intra- and extratumoural, the other 3 were extratumoural only. Hyperintensity on T2-weighted MRI was a characteristic of these meningiomas. Histologically, they were of 3 subtypes, meningothelial (n=3), transitional (n=2), and anaplastic (n=1). The MIB-1 labelling index of the 5 WHO Grade I meningiomas was 5.8+/-2.2. The mean number of CD31-positive blood vessels did not differ in haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic meningiomas. The TF-positivity rate of haemorrhagic meningiomas was higher than of non-haemorrhagic meningiomas. INTERPRETATION: The proliferative nature of the meningiomas and TF expression in tumour cells may have contributed to the eventual haemorrhage of the meningiomas in our series.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Donor selection in Japan: a trial of new criteria with predonation haemoglobin testing.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In Japan, eligibility for blood donation depends on blood specific gravity, which does not directly measure blood haemoglobin. Additionally, the criteria are not based on normal values. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of predonation screening by using actual haemoglobin levels, and adopted a new criterion based on the normal range for men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a portable device, we measured haemoglobin in 1032 prospective blood donors, then applied this method to all blood donations. The criterion for men was set at the 95th percentile of haemoglobin distribution, namely 13.0 g/dl and 13.5 g/dl, respectively, for 200-ml and 400-ml donations. That for women remained unchanged. RESULTS: The percentage of men ineligible by these criteria increased from 0.6 to 1.5%, while that of women decreased from 16.5 to 14.6%. Donors with abnormal haemoglobin levels were referred to hospitals. CONCLUSION: Predonation measurement of haemoglobin concentration, combined with the referral of those with abnormal values, provided a health benefit to that population.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Immunolocalization of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv3.1b subunit in the cochlea.

Immunohistochemical localization of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv3.1b subunit was studied in the cochlea. Intense Kv3.1b-like immunoreactivity was present in the type I, type III, type IV and suprastrial fibrocytes of the cochlear lateral wall. Immunostaining was also found in the interdental cells and the fibrocytes of the spiral limbus and in the supralimbal dark cells. K+ ions, which play a pivotal role in the mechanosensory transduction process in the inner ear, are recycled via gap junctional networks in the cochlea. These results suggest that the voltage-gated potassium channel, containing Kv3.1b, in the cochlear lateral wall fibrocytes may control the intracellular potential and play an important role in regulating the potassium ion recycling mechanism via gap junctions in the inner ear.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed2001

An ellagic compound and iridoids from Cornus capitata root cultures.

An ellagic acid derivative, 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid 4-(5"-acetyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside, and two iridoid glucosides, 6alpha-dihydrocornic acid and 6beta-dihydrocornic acid, were isolated from Cornus capitata adventitious roots cultured in Murashige-Skoog (Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473-487) liquid medium containing 10 microM CuSO(4). Three known related metabolites, i.e. stenophyllin H1, dihydrocornin and cornin were also produced in the root cultures. The chemical structures were characterized by analysis of spectroscopic data.

Ellagic Acid↗
PubMed2001

Phenanthropyran derivatives from Phalaenopsis equestris.

Two phenanthropyran derivatives, 3-methoxy-2,7-dihydroxy-5H-phenanthro[4,5-bcd]pyran and 2,3,7-trihydroxy-5H-phenanthro[4,5-bcd]pyran were isolated from the orchid Phalaenopsis equestri. Their chemical structures were elucidated from spectroscopic (NMR, MS etc.) analyses.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗
PubMed2001

Are contents of Rubisco, soluble protein and nitrogen in flag leaves of rice controlled by the same genetics?

Genetic relations among the contents of Rubisco, soluble protein and total leaf nitrogen (N) in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied by quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis with a population of backcross inbred lines (BILs) of japonica Nipponbarexindica Kasalath. The ratio of Rubisco to total leaf N in leaves is the main target in improving photosynthetic N-use efficiency in plants. QTLs controlling Rubisco content were not detected near QTLs for total leaf N content. These results indicate that contents of Rubisco and total leaf N are controlled by different genetics. QTLs that controlled the ratio of Rubisco to total leaf N (CORNs) were detected. These results suggest that some mechanism(s) may be involved in determining this ratio, while the contents of Rubisco and total leaf N are controlled in other ways. In elite BILs, the ratios of Rubisco to total leaf N were higher than those of both parents. These results suggest a good possibility of improving N-use efficiency by CORNs in cultivated rice. A QTL controlling Rubisco content was mapped near a QTL for soluble protein content on chromosome 8 at 5 d after heading and on chromosome 9 at 25 d. In each chromosome region, the peaks of both QTLs overlapped accurately, giving a high possibility of pleiotropic effects by the same genes. Different QTLs controlling soluble protein or Rubisco were detected from those detected at 5 d or 25 d after heading. This suggests that these traits are genetically controlled depending on the growth stages of leaves.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed2001

Antisense expression of a rice sucrose transporter OsSUT1 in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

We analyzed the function of a rice sucrose transporter, OsSUT1, by using antisense rice. There was no difference between antisense and wild-type plants in carbohydrate content and photosynthetic ability of the flag leaves in the vegetative growth stage, suggesting that OsSUT1 may not play an important role in carbon metabolism, at least in these materials.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Ellagic acid formation from galloylglucoses by a crude enzyme of Cornus capitata adventitious roots.

The aqueous extract of acetone powder, which had been prepared from Cornus capitata 'Mountain Moon' adventitious roots, cultured in MS medium with a high concentration of Cu2+(10 microM), showed strong oxidative activity toward galloylglucoses. A compound formed from galloyglucoses, such as 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose and tannic acid, by the reaction with the crude enzyme solution of the adventitious roots was isolated and characterized as ellagic acid by spectrometric analyses.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2000

Ser162-Dependent inactivation of overproduced sucrose-phosphate synthase protein of maize leaf in transgenic rice plants.

To investigate the role of Ser162 in phosphorylation-dependent regulation of maize sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) activities in rice, transgenic rice plants expressing wild-type or mutagenized maize SPS were produced. Our results indicate that Ser162 was responsible for overproduction-induced inactivation of SPS protein and for light/ dark modulation of this protein in vivo.

Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic↗
PubMed2000

New anthocyanins from purple pods of pea (Pisum spp.).

Two new anthocyanins were isolated from purple pods of pea (Pisum spp.). Their structures were identified as delphinidin 3-xylosylgalactoside-5-acetylglucoside and its deacetylated derivative by the usual chemical degradation methods and by spectroscopic methods such as UV-VIS, MS and NMR. Both pigments showed moderate stability and antioxidative activity in a neutral aqueous solution.

Anthocyanins↗
PubMed2000

[Differences in hemodynamic effects of amrinone, milrinone and olprinon after cardiopulmonary bypass in valvular cardiac surgery].

The differences in hemodynamic effects of amrinone, milrinone and olprinone were evaluated in 46 patients for valvular cardiac surgery after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patients were randomly allocated to three groups; group A with amrinone infusion (17 patients); group M with milrinone infusion (15 patients); and group O with olprinone infusion (14 patients). Each drug was administrated as a single dose into the venous reservoir of the CPB circuit 15 min prior to the end of emergence from CPB, followed by continuous infusion. Hemodynamic parameters were measured at the time of preCPB (C0), just after the end of CPB (C1), one hour after the termination of CPB (C2) and after the chest closure (C3). Catecholamines were used in order of dopamine, norepinephrine and dobutamine. These doses were modulated to maintain the cardiac index > 3.0 l.min-1.m-2 by each anesthesiologist. Hemodynamic parameters (at C0, C1, C2 and C3) and the doses of cathecholamine (at C1, C2 and C3) were compared among the 3 drugs. The systolic blood pressure in group M was significantly higher than that of group A and group O after chest closure. In group M and A, the systolic blood pressure showed a significant increase after CPB. On the other hand, the systolic blood pressure showed no significant change in group O after CPB. Three drugs showed no significant difference in the dosages of catecholamines used.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a gene for a sucrose transporter in maize (Zea mays L.).

Here we report the cloning of a sucrose transporter cDNA from maize (Zea mays L.) and an analysis of the expression of the gene. A cDNA clone (ZmSUT1) was identified as a sucrose transporter cDNA from its sequence homology at the amino acid level to sucrose transporters that have been cloned from other higher plant species. Based on the results of genomic Southern hybridization, ZmSUT1 appears to be a single copy gene. A Northern blot analysis of seedlings and leaf blades suggests that the sucrose transporter is involved in the export of accumulated carbohydrates from source leaf blades. From the measurements of transcript levels and carbohydrate contents in mature leaf blades, we propose that the expression of the gene for the maize sucrose transporter is positively regulated by the amounts of soluble sugars such as sucrose and glucose in source leaves of maize. In addition, based on the tissue specificity of the expression of the gene in maize plants at the reproductive stage, it is possible that the sucrose transporter acts in sink tissues such as pedicles as well as in source tissues such as leaf blades.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1999

[Successful treatment of pleuritis carcinomatosa using combination therapy of 5'-DFUR, MPA and CPA as maintenance therapy].

A 44-year-old female patient with inoperable, local advanced left breast cancer was treated with 3 cycles of high dose CAF therapy followed by combination therapy of 5'-DFUR, MPA and CPA. The patient was discharged after receiving 3 cycles of high-dose CAF therapy and continued to receive daily oral doses of 5'-DFUR (800 mg), MPA (800 mg), and CPA (100 mg) for 15 months. After 3 cycles of high-dose CAF therapy, tumor marker (CEA, CA 15-3) levels were reduced. Six months later, after 3 cycles of high-dose CAF therapy, the tumor marker levels were within the normal range. No serious side effects were observed during chemotherapy. The patient enjoyed a good quality of life. We thus confirmed that this combination regimen was effective as a maintenance therapy for local advanced breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Cloning of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from a marine bacterium, Alcaligenes faecalis AE122, and characterization of its gene product.

A DNA fragment that carries the gene coding for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) depolymerase was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of Alcaligenes faecalis AE122 isolated from seawater. The open reading frame encoding the precursor of the PHB depolymerase was 1905 base pairs (bp) long, corresponding to a protein of 635 amino acid residues (M(r) = 65,208). The promoter site, which could be recognized by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, was upstream from the gene, and the sequence adhering to the ribosome-binding sequence was found in front of the gene. The deduced amino acid sequence agreed with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified PHB depolymerase from amino acid 28 onwards. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed the domain structure of the protein; a signal peptide of 27 amino acids long was followed by a catalytic domain of about 400 amino acids, a fibronectin type III module sequence, and a putative substrate binding domain. The molecular mass (62,526) of the mature protein deduced from the nucleotide sequence was significantly lower than the value (95 kDa) estimated on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, but coincided well with the value (62,426) estimated from matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectra. By comparison of the primary structure with those of other PHB depolymerases, the substrate binding domain was found to consist of two domains, PHB-specific and poly(3-hydroxyvalerate)-specific ones, connected by a linker region. The PHB depolymerase gene was expressed in Escherichia coli under the control of the tac promoter. The enzyme expressed in E. coli was purified from culture broth and showed the same catalytic properties as the enzyme from A. faecalis.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1997

[Mistyping of ABO grouping by polyagglutination].

Polyagglutination is a phenomenon that a sample of patient's red blood cells is agglutinated by most of normal human sera. In patients with bacterial infection or hematological diseases, red cells may become agglutinable due to an exposure of antigens (cryptoantigen) that are usually hidden as submembrane structures of normal red cells. Most of normal sera contain natural antibodies to the corresponding antigens. Polyagglutination can cause apparent discrepancies between ABO antigen and antibody tests with the patient's sample, resulting in mistyping of ABO grouping. In some cases, polyagglutination is observed only by the minor test of cross-matching without showing the discrepancies. Recently polyagglutination has been rarely seen probably because of increasing use of monoclonal antibodies and dispensing minor test for cross-matching. Because no obvious case of adverse reaction by polyagglutination through transfusion is recently reported, clinical significance of polyagglutination seems extremely low.

ABO Blood-Group System↗