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Biomedical subjects

K J Kalveram

Publications and source records attributed to K J Kalveram.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Delayed hypersensitivity to protamine and immediate hypersensitivity to insulin].

A 63-year-old female, with type II diabetes mellitus, diagnosed in 1967, was started on combination therapy with sulphonylureas and human depot insulin in May 1989, because of inadequate blood sugar control with sulphonylureas alone. Within 3 months she began to develop nodular skin reactions at the site of injection, 12-24 hours after insulin injections. Intradermal testing demonstrated delayed (Gell and Coombs type IV) hypersensitivity to protamine. No specific IgE or IgG antibodies were demonstrable. She was changed to protamine-free human delayed action insulin. After an initial reaction-free period, red urticarial lesions, attributable to immediate (Gell and Coombs type I) hypersensitivity to human insulin, appeared at the injection sites. There were no other complications with continued insulin therapy, and after about 6 weeks no further local reactions were detectable. When an allergic reaction to an insulin preparation is suspected, careful immunological investigation should be performed, to ensure adequate treatment without risk to the patient.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMed1989

[Specific IgE antibodies to Pityrosporum orbiculare in patients with atopic dermatitis].

By means of RAST investigations, we detected specific IgE antibodies against Pityrosporon orbiculare in the plasma of patients with atopic dermatitis. The patients suffering from the so-called head and neck dermatitis showed an average specific IgE antibody titer of RAST class 3, whereas in those with predominant involvement of the extremities we found an average antibody titer of RAST class 1.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1987

[Chronic lichenoid dermatitis in sensitization to alpha-amylase in a baker].

We report on the sensitization of a baker against alpha-amylase contained in a dough additive. Positive test reactions to alpha-amylase were observed after 20 min., 6 h, and 72 h, even following heat inactivation. Specific IgE, IgG, and IgM antibodies could be proved in the serum. We assume mixed reactions of type I, III and IV.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[New developments in RAST studies and their evaluation].

New allergen discs for the RAST are now available, such as multi discs with coupled allergens only showing insignificant cross reactivity. They are said to make RAST screening possible, 60 sera with negative RAST results with single allergens and 60 sera with at least one positive RAST result with a single allergen were tested by means of the multi-disc RAST. Negative results with the single allergen discs corresponded to a negative outcome with the multi discs. Sera showing clearly positive RAST with one or more of the single allergens coupled to the multi discs nearly always revealed positive results in the multi-disc RAST. Slightly positive RAST values with one or few single allergens may lead to a negative multi-disc RAST. In addition, we performed alternaria RAST investigations on sera from patients positive to skin tests. We made use of self-made discs coupled with allergens of prick test extracts of seven manufacturers, as well as commercial alternaria discs, either customary or new. Our results proved that the alternaria extracts used for coupling contain different amounts of allergens relevant for the patients. Furthermore, the new alternaria discs revealed clearly better results than those used in former years. The new multi discs and the new alternaria discs, therefore, definitely improve the diagnostic validity of the RAST method.

Alternaria↗
PubMed1986

[Immune response in therapy with allergens and allergoids].

We report on the patterns of specific IgE, IgG, and IgA antibodies during different kinds of hyposensitization. Whereas sIgE antibodies may even be influenced by environmental stimulants, the production of sIgG antibodies depends on the amount of antigens injected for therapy. There is some evidence that patients who do not reveal sIgG response have increased sIgA antibody titers, instead.

Allergens↗
PubMed1986

Is the surface layer from hazelnut pollen, which is precipitated by Cuprolinic blue, an effective antigen in hay-fever patients?

In electron micrographs it could be shown that hazelnut (Corylus avellana) pollen grains are covered on their surface by a diffusible 10 nm thick lamellar layer. On pollen surface as well as in pollen extract this layer could be precipitated and stained by the polycationic dye Cuprolinic blue. By subsequent application of both immunogold labeling with serum from a hay-fever patient allergic to tree pollen grains and histochemical detection with Cuprolinic blue this pollen surface layer proved to be an effective antigen.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1986

[Detection of specific IgE antibodies in veterinarians with contact urticaria].

We report on veterinarians showing itching, swelling, and urticaria on hands and arms after contact with amniotic fluid of cows and/or pigs. Scratch tests with the corresponding fluid gave positive results. RAST investigations were done with self-prepared allergen discs. In all 6 cases, the RAST on amniotic fluid was positive, correlating well with the results of the skin tests. RAST tests on sera from the cattle were positive, too, whereas tests on the epithelia remained negative. Our findings show that the allergen causing contact urticaria is a compound of amniotic fluid and serum but not of the epithelia of these animals. Thus we can conclude that sensitized veterinarians do not have to avoid all contact with these species, but we recommend special protection.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

[Tolerance of 3.5 percent plasma protein solution].

In a prospective study we found 112 patients out of 9549 who had been given 3.5% plasma protein solution during the preceding year but no other blood derivatives and who had not received any immunosuppressive treatment. 68 patients agreed to be tested for sensitisation to 3.5% plasma protein solution. An intracutaneous test was performed as screening test. Two patients had a false positive reaction, but one of them had urticaria factitia and therefore a positive reaction to NaCl 0.9%. The other patient showed circumscribed reddening in the early phase only, whereas later readings were negative. Neither the test of total IgE by Paper Radio Immuno Sorbent Test (PRIST) nor the test for specific IgE antibodies by Radio Allergo Sorbent Test (RAST) showed any positive results. According to these findings there was no sensitisation to 3.5% plasma protein solution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[In vitro studies of allergen activity and the depot effect of semi-depot extracts of grass pollen].

Employing two different techniques--Al-RAST and RAST inhibition test--we studied semi-depot extracts of grass pollen from six producers. On one hand, we measured the amount of allergens absorbed by Al(OH)3 gel; on the other hand, we determined the quantity of allergens solved in the aqueous phase. Furthermore, we checked up the continuous release of allergens from the depot by means of a simple in vitro model. The six different semi-depot extracts revealed different amounts of allergens in the depot (Al[OH]3) as well as in the aqueous phase. As we measured the continuous release of allergens, we found that all six extracts behaved nearly identically regarding their function as depots, but were different respecting the released amount of allergens. Summing up, it may be said that therapy extracts--analogous to previously examined test extracts--show differences with regard to their allergenic activities but very similar properties in respect to their function as depots.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Serum eosinophil chemotactic factor levels in patients with bullous pemphigoid, drug reactions and atopic eczema.

The sera of 4 patients with bullous pemphigoid, of 5 patients with drug reactions and of 13 patients with atopic eczema were examined for the occurrence of low molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) by fractionation on a Sephadex G 25 column. Almost all patients had a peripheral eosinophilia, and many had raised total serum IgE levels. ECF was demonstrated in the sera of all 4 patients with bullous pemphigoid and in 4 of 5 patients with systemic drug reactions. In contrast, the sera of the 13 patients with atopic eczema did not contain any ECF activity, nor did the 13 control sera. These findings suggest that the ECF from phagocytosing polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and/or the mast cell derived ECF-A contribute to the elevated serum ECF levels in patients with bullous pemphigoid and drug reactions. A correlation between serum ECF and IgE levels and peripheral eosinophilia could not be established.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1979

[Pomade crust].

Exaggerated use of skin care topicals in infants may lead to brownish appositions in the inguinal and gluteal region described as pomade crust. Examination of scraping material by infra-red spectroscopy failed to reveal any residue of emollients but instead was characteristic of human scales. Certain topicals are apparently capable of inducing hyperkeratosis in these body regions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Cross-reactivity between grass and corn pollen antigens.

Analogous reactions of grass and corn pollen extracts in skin tests on patients suffering from pollinosis might suggest an antigenic relationship between grass and corn pollens. This problem was studied using the RAST inhibition test. Tests were performed with cellulose discs labelled with commercial skin test extracts containing grass, rye, wheat, barley, oat and maize pollens. Different mutual inhibitions were measured showing various grades of antigenic relationship. Only grass pollen antigens could strongly inhibit all other antigen-antibody reactions. Thus, we suppose that the investigated grass pollen extract also contains all antigens typical of corn pollen. Therefore, exclusive use of this extract seems to be possible in diagnosis and perhaps therapy of combined grass and corn pollen allergy.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on antigenic relationship between grass- and cult. rye pollens by skin-test, RAST and RAST-inhibition-test in patients with pollinosis (author's transl)].

Skin tests on patients suffering from pollinosis suggest frequently an antigenic relationship between various grass and cult. rye pollens. This problem was further studied using both, RAST and RAST inhibition test. The tests were performed with commercial grass pollen discs as well as with self-prepared disc labeled with cult. rye pollens and a combination of various grass antigens. Good agreement was found between self-made and commercial (single antigen) grass pollen discs (95.9%). RAST and skin test correlated also extremely well (92.3%). Mutual inhibition between grass and cult. rye pollens was measured by RAST inhibition test using self-prepared discs. High antigenic relationship between grass and cult. rye pollens was found, however, it could be demonstrated that the antibody pattern varies and contains "grass specific" antibodies.

Antibody Specificity↗