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Biomedical subjects

K J Pfeifer

Publications and source records attributed to K J Pfeifer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The Hickman catheter in bone marrow transplantation, long-term cytostatic and infusion therapy. Experience of 102 catheters in children].

Right atrial Hickman catheters are used for long-term venous access in children suffering from leukemia and malignoma. Parenteral alimentation, blood withdrawal and bone marrow transplantation can be performed safely without high incidence of cutaneous infections and sepsis due to a long subcutaneous tunnel. Aseptic dressing changes and catheter care are the most important prerequisites for a low complication rate in the use of these catheters. Septicemia and technical complications observed following the use of 102 Hickman catheters in 81 children are reported and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Value of intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography in microvascular anastomosis in tissue transplantation].

The technique of selective intraarterial digital subtraction angiography is less time-consuming and requires less contrast medium than conventional angiography thus reducing both the invasiveness and the risk associated with angiography. With this method both the morphology and the functional status of the vasculature can be determined. Anatomic variations in the blood supply which influence the operative technique can thus be known preoperatively and no longer threaten the success of the operation.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

[Sonography of Achilles tendon rupture].

The authors report on the possibility of demonstrating Achilles tendon rupture via ultrasound. The characteristics echo pattern in the healthy (normal) Achilles tendon, and the sonographic criteria of the various types of rupture, are described. Sixteen patients with clinically suspected subcutaneous Achilles tendon rupture were examined using a 5 MHz transducer. In ten cases, an Achilles tendon rupture could be demonstrated, all of which were confirmed by surgery. In six patients, rupture could be excluded; after renewed clinical examination, these cases were successfully treated as distorsions. In clinically evident rupture of the Achilles tendon, ultrasound examination may not only provide further diagnostic information on the localisation and type of rupture, but also on the condition of the tendon at the site of rupture. It can also supply pointers regarding secondary changes, such as haematoma, oedema, and deviations in the position of the Achilles tendon. In doubtful cases, ultrasound can be a helpful additional diagnostic method.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1981

[Sonographic diagnosis of enlarged parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)].

Fifty-nine patients suspected clinically of having primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism have been examined since 1978 in order to localize enlarged parathyroid glands. With glands larger than 5 mm. this proved successful in about 90% of those situated in the neck. The sonographic features of enlarged parathyroid glands are poor echoes, smooth margins and the typical position on the medial and posterior surface of the thyroid gland. A requirement for diagnostic success is the use of modern compound apparatus with digital convertors and focussed high resolution probes.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

[Angiographic and isotopic studies following pole resection of kidneys in dogs and hemostasis performed by infrared-contact-coagulation (author's transl)].

It has been shown in an animal experiment that alterations of the renal vasculature and parenchyma after hemostasis performed by Infrared-Contact-Coagulation are best shown by intravital magnification angiography (magnification factor 2.22). Following pole resection and hemostasis the final morphologic state is reached 6 weeks postoperatively. The resulting scar penetrates into the parenchyma up to 1 cm. The loss of function corresponds to the parenchymal defect. There was no additional loss of renal function or damage to the parenchyma on nuclear medicine or histologic examinations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Perforation of the cardiac wall during central venous catheterization - muscular defects as a contributing factor (author's transl)].

Two cases of perforation of the cardiac wall during central venous catheterization are reported. One patient, a women, died 6 weeks after perforation of the anterior wall of the right ventricle; the other, also a woman, died immediately following perforation of the posterior wall of the right atrium by a polyethylene catheter. Both cases prove that even a seemingly correct technique and the use of soft catheters cannot entirely exclude the possibility of perforation. Relative weakness of the cardiac muscle due to lipomatosis could have been a pre-disposing factor in one case, and thinning of the atrial wall between the pectinate muscles in the other case. There is also the possibility that the spaces between the trabeculae carneae act as a trap for the catheter. Radiological control of the placement of the catheter should also be performed in those cases where the catheter had to be withdrawn because of malposition in order to make sure of its correct extracardial location.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Lymphatic metastasis in prostatic carcinoma. Diagnostic value of staging and transcutaneous needle biopsy].

Methods of diagnosis in metastatic disease of patients with prostatic cancer are reported. There is a high rate of inaccuracy in lymphography. In 23 patients the technique of transperitoneal fine needle aspiration biopsy of retroperitoneal lymph nodes after lymphography was used. In 8 patients malignant cells were found while lymphography showed metastases only in 4 cases. In these 8 cases a staging-operation was not indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

[Efficacy of intra-arterial lidocaine in the control of pain in arteriography of the arm and leg (author's transl)].

The efficacy of addition of lidocaine to the conventional contrast medium has been statistically verified by the results of angiography of 342 legs and 25 arms. The investigation is painless or only slightly painful for most patients but the feeling of heat cannot be eliminated. A higher dose of lidocaine and the preliminary injection of Valium certainly improve the results of the investigation slightly, but give rise to a higher incidence of side-effects (fall in blood pressure, sleepiness). Serious complication have not been observed even in the large number of patients with risk factors.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

[The angiographic diagnosis of islet cell tumours. Results in 34 patients (author's transl)].

Between 1965 and 1979, 34 patients with organic hyperinsulinism were examined angiographically. By observing the following points it should be possible to diagnose tumours greater than 1 cm, whatever their position in the pancreas: 1) Use of high performance generators and tubes which permit one to employ fine focus, low kv and high mAs. 2) Optimum imaging systems (carbon fibre table top, high intensity screens). 3) Selective catheterisation, large quantities of contrast per unit time and adequate duration of the filming sequence. 4) Pharmacoangiography and subtractions may be valuable in some cases.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1980

[The value of sonography in the differential diagnosis of pseudotumours of the kidney (author's transl)].

Two hundred and three patients with urographic appearances suspicious of a space-occupying lesion were examined by sonography. Seventy-nine showed normal results; there were 65 cysts, 20 malignant lesions, 20 pseudo-tumours and 19 with other abnormalities such as hydronephrosis, urolithiasis and inflammatory lesions. Pseudotumours are due to varients of the structure of the kidney, which resemble space-occupying lesions in the excretory urogram. The sonogram shows them as low echo, centrally protruding structures arising from the edge of the parenchyma. Angiographically they are islands of parenchyma with normal vessels. Sonography has proved to be a necessary complement to excretion urography and provides a more certain indication for renal arteriography. Angiography can be limited to changes in the parenchyma, since sonography is able to define cystic processes.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

[Pain reduction in peripheral arteriographies of the upper and lower extremities in a double blind test. Lidocain/ioglicinate versus metrizamide (author's transl)].

36 aortofemoral and 18 brachial angiographies effected under standardized conditions in a double blind test in approximately two equal parts with Lidocain/Ioglicinate and Metrizamide, respectively, were evaluated with regard to vascular pain and sensation of heat during the examination. With the femoralis angiograms reduction of vascular pain was on the average somewhat greater, although this could not be established statistically when using Metrizamide. In the case of the angiogram of the arm, pain was on the average equally low in both cases. Of the 14 patients who had received injections of both contrast media in varying succession at intervals of 20 minutes, 6 patients considered the Metrizamide injection to be more agreeable, whereas 2 preferred the Lidocain/Ioglicinate injection and 6 patients did not notice any significant difference. The average sensation of heat during contrast medium visualisation of the legs and arms was equal with both substances. Lidocain/Ioglicinate and Metrizamide are approximately equally well suited for peripheral angiography of arms and legs, rendering narcosis and strapping down of the extremities unneccessary in normal cases.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1979

[Transperitoneal fine needle biopsy of retroperitoneal lymph nodes in cancer diagnosis].

Preoperative lymphography was performed in 97 patients with urological malignoma. Fine needle punctions were performed of 458 suspicious as well as non-suspecious lymph nodes. In 22 cases lymphographic and cytological findings were compared with histological results after lymphadenectomy. It could be shown that of 15 cases with lymph node metastases lymphographic and cytologic findings were corresponding in 6 cases. In 9 cases tumor cells were found in lymph nodes even though the lymphogram was rated non-suspicious. It is concluded that fine needle biopsy of lymph nodes after lymphography is an important improvement in preoperative diagnosis of malignoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Carcinoid of the digestive tract. Diagnostic possibilities (author's transl)].

Special features which enable preoperative differential diagnosis are dealt with in detail with reference to 44 patient with carcinoid of the digestive tract. Carcinoid of the appendix becomes noticable early with signs of acute or chronic appendicitis and in 94% of cases is operated on in good time. Angiography of the superior mesenteric artery shows a characteristic stellate figure in the mesenterium in carcinoid of the small intestine. In contrast to the primary tumor, liver metastases show intense vascularization in the angiogram. A rise in urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid is pathognomonic for carcinoid, its determination permits the checking of operative radicality and shows the appearance of metastases early.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[A comparative study between postmortem venography and the pathological anatomy of the liver (author's transl)].

A barium sulphate-gelatine mixture was injected into the veins in the left lobe of 50 human livers which were then x-rayed. The radiographs were compared with the pathological and anatomical findings and enlargements were studied and compared with the histology. A correlation was found between the venogram and the macroscopic and microscopic changes, particularly in various forms of cirrhosis of the liver. The scope and limitations of hepatic venography were studied with respect to solitary and diffuse liver metastase.

Hepatic Veins↗
PubMed1979

[Investigations on pain reduction during peripheral angiography (author's transl)].

An attempt was made to reduce pain during femoral angiography by adding 1 mg. of Lidocaine/ml. contrast medium in the course of 95 examinations. In a further 87 patients, Diazepam was injected intravenously before the injection of the contrast-Lidocaine mixture. Pain and the feeling of heat was compared with a control group who received contrast medium with 10% physiological saline. There was a highly significant reduction in pain sensation as a result of Lidocaine; pain was further reduced by additional Diazepam, which also reduced heat sensation, but resulted in a fall in blood pressure. High risk patients did not suffer any significant complications. Lidocaine is well suited for out patients, but Diazepam requires a longer period of observation. General anaesthesia has been used only if patients insisted on it or if there was known contrast reaction.

Angiography↗