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Biomedical subjects

K J Toumba

Publications and source records attributed to K J Toumba.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

The acidogenic potential of herbal baby drinks.

The acidogenic potential of a range of commonly available herbal baby drinks was assessed on the basis of their ability to depress plaque pH in vivo in 10 adult volunteers using the plaque harvesting technique. In addition the pH and inherent acidity of each drink was also analysed in vitro. Solutions of 10% sucrose was used as a positive control and full fat milk served as a negative control as it has traditionally been recommended as a safe drink. Three of the six test drinks had a low pH though most had a low titratable acidity. All drinks, except herbal tea, on rising led to a significant drop in the plaque pH to near critical pH value of 5.5. Most drinks were also more acidogenic than milk and some behaved essentially similar to a 10% sucrose solution. The area under the curve below the resting pH was highest for apple and raspberry herbal drink (20.51 +/- 3.66) and was the least for herbal tea (0.00) compared with the 10% sucrose control (22.01 +/- 2.87) and milk (0.07 +/- 0.14). It was concluded that most herbal drinks tested, especially those with added fruit, can lead to a significant acid production in the plaque and therefore have a potential to cause demineralisation of the enamel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome: a literature review and case reports.

Lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome, which has an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance, typically affects the lacrimal apparatus, ears, teeth, and hands. More recent case reports have uncovered involvement of the kidneys and the respiratory and skeletal systems. Salivary gland malformation may also be a feature of the syndrome, leading to dry mouth. The characteristics of the syndrome vary among individuals, but dental anomalies seem to be prevalent. Microdontia and hypodontia occur, possibly with gray enamel, wear, and caries. This case report introduces a new three-generation family of six individuals affected with lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome and concentrates on the dental presentation and management of two of the members.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1994

The fluoride content of bottled drinking waters.

Sales of bottled drinking waters in the United Kingdom have tripled over the last 5 years. The fluoride content of 12 bottled waters purchased from two Leeds supermarkets was determined by both the direct and acid diffusion methods and found to vary from 0.10-0.80 mg/l fluoride (ie ppm fluoride). This article shows that bottled drinking waters contain differing concentrations of fluoride. There is no apparent difference between the direct and acid diffusion methods for the determination of fluoride concentrations of drinking waters. The manufacturers' labelling of fluoride concentrations are mainly inaccurate. Dentists should be aware of the fluoride concentrations of the drinking water of their child patients, be they municipal or bottled drinking water, when prescribing fluoride supplements. Also, some parents are using bottled waters to prepare baby milk formulations which themselves may contain high levels of fluoride and subject their children to the risk of dental fluorosis.

Fluorides↗
PubMed1994

Replantation of avulsed permanent teeth with avital periodontal ligaments: case report.

Five maxillary anterior teeth lost during a grand mal epileptic seizure, were replanted using the technique recently described by Andreasen (1), after an extra-alveolar period of more than 72 h. The teeth were replanted surgically, 10 days after being avulsed, after they had been immersed in a 2.4% sodium fluoride solution and root filled with gutta-percha. Ankylosis was evident 3 months post-operatively. After 24 months there was evidence of considerable replacement resorption on the lateral incisors with little evidence of resorption on the other replanted teeth. Even though the long term prognosis is uncertain, this technique has an advantage of seeing the patient through the period of growth as well as maintaining the height of alveolar bone making possible the provision of an aesthetically acceptable prosthesis at a later age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Slow-release fluoride.

The latest evidence supports the concept of frequent applications of relatively low concentrations of fluoride for the elimination of caries, even in situations of high caries challenge. Dental materials exhibit a 'burst effect', and the fluoride release is short-lived. Intra-oral devices in the form of copolymer membranes or glass devices cause an elevation of salivary F levels for up to 2 years in animals and humans and have led to increased F uptake in enamel. Caries reduction has been achieved in rats using the copolymer device, and, at present, human caries trials using the copolymer and glass devices are under way in the USA and Leeds, respectively. These intra-oral devices hold great promise to target financial resources for prevention in groups of the population with high caries levels, in particular low socio-economic groups including ethnic minorities and the handicapped.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition of in vitro production of aldosterone by manic-depressive sera.

Serum samples from psychiatric patients were added to incubations of rat adrenal cortical cells synthesizing aldosterone. A high proportion of sera from patients with bipolar manic-depressive psychosis inhibited aldosterone production, but chronic in-patients without affective disorders gave few inhibitory sera. Inhibition was greatest in depression, lowest during normal affect. In one patient studied through 11 affective cycles the inhibitor score increased during transitions from mania to depression, showing a significant regression on time. The possible relationship of this in vitro phenomenon to the defect of aldosterone regulation in manic-depressive psychosis is discussed.

Adrenal Cortex↗