Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Jungmann.
A new highly sensitive method of looking for electric dipole moments of charged particles in storage rings is described. The major systematic errors inherent in the method are addressed and ways to minimize them are suggested. It seems possible to measure the muon EDM to levels that test speculative theories beyond the standard model.
The anomalous magnetic moment of the negative muon has been measured to a precision of 0.7 ppm (ppm) at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. This result is based on data collected in 2001, and is over an order of magnitude more precise than the previous measurement for the negative muon. The result a(mu(-))=11 659 214(8)(3) x 10(-10) (0.7 ppm), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, is consistent with previous measurements of the anomaly for the positive and the negative muon. The average of the measurements of the muon anomaly is a(mu)(exp)=11 659 208(6) x 10(-10) (0.5 ppm).
A higher precision measurement of the anomalous g value, a(mu)=(g-2)/2, for the positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron, based on data collected in the year 2000. The result a(mu(+))=11 659 204(7)(5)x10(-10) (0.7 ppm) is in good agreement with previous measurements and has an error about one-half that of the combined previous data. The present world average experimental value is a(mu)(expt)=11 659 203(8)x10(-10) (0.7 ppm).
Following a suggestion from Kostelecký et al., we evaluated a test of CPT and Lorentz invariance from the microwave spectroscopy of muonium. Hamiltonian terms beyond the standard model violating CPT and Lorentz invariance would contribute frequency shifts deltanu(12) and deltanu(34) to nu(12) and nu(34), the two transitions involving muon spin flip, which were precisely measured in ground state muonium in a strong magnetic field of 1.7 T. The shifts would be indicated by anticorrelated oscillations in nu(12) and nu(34) at the Earth's sidereal frequency. No time dependence was found in nu(12) or nu(34) at the level of 20 Hz, limiting the size of some CPT and Lorentz-violating parameters at the level of 2x10(-23) GeV.
A precise measurement of the anomalous g value, a(mu) = (g-2)/2, for the positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. The result a(mu+) = 11 659 202(14) (6) x 10(-10) (1.3 ppm) is in good agreement with previous measurements and has an error one third that of the combined previous data. The current theoretical value from the standard model is a(mu)(SM) = 11 659 159.6(6.7) x 10(-10) (0.57 ppm) and a(mu)(exp) - a(mu)(SM) = 43(16) x 10(-10) in which a(mu)(exp) is the world average experimental value.
Fifty-five hospital-treated patients with the ICD-10 diagnosis of 'recurrent depressive episode(s)' were classified according to the Newcastle Depressive Diagnostic Scale as having either psychogenic (n = 25) or endogenous (n = 30) depression and interviewed using several inventories on personality and psychopathology (Composite International Diagnostic Interview, Symptom Check List, Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, IIP, NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory, Social Adjustment Scale, Questionnaire of the Motivation to Seek Psychotherapy). Except for the IIP, individual subscales disclosed significant differences between the two groups. In light of these results, the grouping of these two disorders into one diagnostic group in the ICD-10 is critically discussed.
The 1s-2s interval has been measured in the muonium (&mgr;(+)e(-)) atom by Doppler-free two-photon pulsed laser spectroscopy. The frequency separation of the states was determined to be 2 455 528 941.0(9.8) MHz, in good agreement with quantum electrodynamics. The result may be interpreted as a measurement of the muon-electron charge ratio as -1-1.1(2.1)x10(-9). We expect significantly higher accuracy at future high flux muon sources and from cw laser technology.
BACKGROUND: Impaired movement of the cricoarytenoid joint with hoarseness and immobility of the vocal ligament may occur as a consequence of laryngeal trauma and joint disease. Little is known to date about the cricoarytenoid joint capsule and its role in joint pathology. METHODS: The present study analyses the structure of the cricoarytenoid joint capsule by means of histological, immunohistochemical, and scanning electron microscopical methods. Investigations are performed on larynges of 17 male and 16 female. RESULTS: The cricoarytenoid joint was found to be lined by a wide and lax joint capsule consisting of a fibrous and a synovial membrane. The capsule was strengthened posteriorly by the cricoarytenoid ligament. As like the fibrous membrane the cricoarytenoid ligament consisted mainly of collagen types I and III. Moreover the ligament was found to be rich in elastic fibers. Unexpected large and intensively vascularized synovial folds projected into the joint cavity. CONCLUSION: The capsule of the cricoarytenoid joint can be compared with the joint capsules of the limbs despite its structure and its involvement in joint pathology. Based on the laxity of the joint capsule it was concluded that invasive interventions at the respiratory tract with dislocation of the arytenoid cartilage can lead to incarceration of the synovial folds. After a trauma aero-synovitis or formation of hemarthrosis may occur, with subsequent fixation of the arytenoid in an abnormal position.
UNLABELLED: Impaired movement of the cricoarytenoid joint with hoarseness and immobility of the vocal ligament may occur as a consequence of endotracheal intubation. Little is known about the cricoarytenoid joint capsule and its role in intubation. We investigated the joint capsules of 48 cricoarytenoid joints by means of gross anatomy microscopy, histology, and scanning electron microscopy; 30 unfixed cadaver larynges were also subjected to attempts to simulate traumata such as those that may occur during intubation trials. The larynges were intubated with the arytenoid tip entering the lumen of the tracheal tube or extubated with the cuff of the tube only partially deflated. Subsequently, i.e., after dissecting the left and right cricoarytenoid joint from each larynx, the morphologic changes induced experimentally were analyzed by using histologic methods. The cricoarytenoid joint was found to be lined by a wide joint capsule. Unexpectedly large and intensively vascularized synovial folds projected into the joint cavity. After simulation of intubation and extubation, histologic analysis revealed injuries to the synovial folds and joint surface impressions, but no trauma or rupture of the outer joint capsule. We conclude that laxity of the joint capsule and the large synovial folds are predisposing factors for intubation trauma of the cricoarytenoid joint, potentially leading to hemarthros and finally to cricoarytenoid joint dysfunction. IMPLICATIONS: The present study illustrates by morphological investigations and intubation experiments that laxity of the joint capsule and large synovial folds are predisposing factors for intubation trauma of the cricoarytenoid joint, potentially leading to hemarthrosis and finally to cricoarytenoid joint dysfunction.
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