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Biomedical subjects

K K Kim

Publications and source records attributed to K K Kim.

118 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Anxiolytic efficacy and safety of ketazolam compared with diazepam and placebo.

A 28-day, double-blind study involving 56 outpatients ws initiated to compare the anxiolytic efficacy and safety of ketazolam once a day at bedtime (HS) with diazepam given three times a day (TID) and placebo HS or TID. Ketazolam HS was at least equivalent, and in some respects superior, to diazepam TID with fewer, less severe side effects. The superiority of ketazolam over placebo was demonstrated on all five instruments used to evaluate efficacy, three rated by the physician and two by the patient. The efficacy of ketazolam was significant at all three follow-up evaluations, whereas significant results for diazepam were achieved mainly at weeks 1 and 2, with little seen at week f. Fewer side effects were reported with ketazolam than with diazepam and were mild in 84% of cases. One-third of the side effects reportd in the diazepam group were moderate or severe. The optimum daily dose was 54.5 mg ketazolam or 24.7 mg diazepam.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

True aneurysm of the radial artery: report of a case with long-term follow-up.

Reports on aneurysm of the arteries of the wrist and hand are relatively rare. Presented here is a case of true aneurysm of the radial artery in a 41-year-old-man. The patient had an enlarging painful swelling on the volar aspect of the left wrist, of six months' duration. Under local anesthesia, a transverse incision over the wrist crease revealed an arterial aneurysm. The aneurysm was excised, followed by end-to-end anastomosis. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged nine days after the operation. A follow-up arteriogram, five days later, showed a patent radial artery with good blood flow. This is an excellent example of a successful reconstructive surgical procedure involving a small artery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synchronization of evoked secretion of quanta of mediator as a mechanism facilitating the action of sympathomimetics.

Experiments on frog neuromuscular junction preparations with extracellular recording of nerve terminal action potentials and single-quantum end-plate currents (EPC) were used to assess the time course of evoked quantum secretion of mediator by analyzing histograms of the distribution of true synaptic delays. These studies showed that noradrenaline, isoproterenol, and dobutamine change the kinetics of secretion of quanta, leading to synchronization of the process of mediator release; substances blocking beta-adrenoceptors (atenolol, propranolol) blocked this effect. Clonidine and phenylephrine, which activate alpha-receptors, had no effect on the kinetics of secretion, while the alpha-blocker phentolamine had no effect on the synchronizing action of noradrenaline. Reconstruction of multiquantum EPC from changes in the level of synchronization in the release of individual quanta, showed that EPC amplitude increased in response to noradrenaline by 17%, and that this was due only to alterations in the time course of secretion. These data led to the conclusion that there is a special presynaptic mechanism which facilitates the action of sympathomimetics, acting via beta-adrenoceptors.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ileal obstruction caused by idiopathic sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.

A 26-year-old woman presented with epigastric pain, vomiting, and a palpable mass in the right lower abdomen. Ultrasonography showed a high echogenic mass associated with a small amount of ascites in the right lower abdomen. Computed tomography demonstrated entrapped ileal loops within a thin-walled fibrous capsule. A thin fibrous sac encasing the terminal ileum was detected on laparotomy and confirmed as idiopathic sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smoking behavior, knowledge, and beliefs among Korean Americans.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine smoking behavior, knowledge, and beliefs among Korean Americans. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: One hundred four Korean American men and 159 women, 40 to 69 years old, living in Chicago, Illinois, served as study respondents. The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Cancer Control Supplement Questionnaire was used to collect data. The NHIS was translated into Korean with minor modifications to develop a culturally appropriate instrument. RESULTS: This study suggests that smoking is almost exclusively a male behavior (38.5%) and that Korean American men smoke mostly cigarettes. Almost 90% of women have never smoked, whereas 23% of men reported never smoking. Respondents with a non-Christian background or no religious affiliation were 16.5 times more likely to be current smokers. Respondents who had lived in the United States less than 10 years were 12.5 times more likely to be current smokers. More than 90% of men, regardless of smoking status, were able to identify an association between smoking and major chronic diseases. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The prevalence of smoking among these Korean American men places them at considerable risk for smoking-related disease. Healthcare providers must be better informed about smoking behavior in this group, and specific attention to recently migrated men and those reporting religions other than Christianity is recommended. Health-protecting strategies for women and children who fall victim to secondhand smoke, or who may be targeted by tobacco advertising, are also an important step in disease prevention for this population.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast and cervical cancer screening among Chinese American women.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe breast and cervical cancer screening knowledge and practices of a representative sample of Chinese American women and to examine the factors associated with screening practices. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: A random sample of 332 Chinese American women, 40 to 69 years of age, from the Chinatown area of Chicago, Illinois, were interviewed face to face, using both Chinese Mandarin (or Putunghua) and Cantonese versions of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Cancer Control Supplement Questionnaire. Knowledge and use of mammogram, clinical breast examination (CBE), breast self-examination (BSE), and Pap smear test were assessed. RESULTS: The results showed a low level of knowledge of cancer screening tests and low use rates. Multiple logistics regression analysis showed that women with spoken English fluency were more likely to have knowledge and use of CBE, BSE, Pap test, and mammograms. Women with better than an elementary education were more likely to have knowledge and use of CBE, BSE, and Pap test. The source of medical care was statistically significant for having had a mammogram. Knowledge of cancer warning signs and symptoms was significant for knowledge of mammogram and BSE and for the use of BSE. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Multiple strategies are needed. These might include the following: 1) integration of research with population-based care by physicians and scientists; 2) coordinated public health education on cancer screening and postscreening support in Chinese languages; and 3) replication of the NHIS survey methodology and adaptive application of these instruments across several states and regions, combined with the assessment of screening performance in Chinese American populations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nutritional status of Korean Americans: implications for cancer risk.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To examine nutrient intake of Korean Americans, especially those foods and supplements implicated in cancer. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey and descriptive analysis. SETTING: Chicago, IL. SAMPLE: 103 Korean Americans who were between 40 and 69 years of age. METHODS: An Instrument, culturally and linguistically adapted from the Health Habits and History Questionnaire, was administered to assess nutrient intake from food and vitamin and mineral supplements. Bilingual interviewers collected data at respondents' homes. FINDINGS: Relative to their diet in Korea, more than one-third of the respondents reported an increase in the consumption of beef, dairy products, coffee, soda, and bread, as well as a decrease in the intake of fish and rice and other grains. Compared to the general U.S. population included in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), Korean Americans had a greater intake of carbohydrates and vitamins A and C and lower intake of total fat, cholesterol, and saturated fat. Moreover, the percentages of calories were higher from carbohydrates and lower from fat, sweets, and alcohol for Korean Americans than those reported by NHIS respondents. Gender, education, and marital status were significantly associated with nutrient intake. The use of daily vitamin and calcium supplements was similar between respondents and those from NHIS. CONCLUSIONS: At their stage of cultural adaptation, the incorporation of a larger quantity of Western food items did not make for a less healthy dietary pattern among respondents. Data showed that Korean Americans continued to consume diets more consistent with Korean than with American food patterns, in as much as greater than 60% of their calories came from carbohydrates and about 16% of calories from fat. As a group, respondents met the recommended dietary guidelines for most nutrients, except for dietary fiber and calcium. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Variation in dietary intake by age, culture, gender, and years in the United States is well accepted. Effective cancer prevention and initiatives for dietary reform call for the incorporation of available research findings and considerable attention to data gaps regarding Korean Americans and other Asian Americans and Pacific Islander populations. Culturally competent, community-based programs should include the reinforcement of positive traditional dietary habits, encourage the adaptation of healthy Western food items, as well as assist minority populations in developing strategies that will effectively correct likely deficiencies in diet.

Acculturation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanism of renal effects of intracerebroventricular histamine in rabbits.

Histamine, when given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), has been reported to produce antidiuresis in the rabbit. In this study it was attempted to elucidate the mechanism involved in the effect. Histamine (H), 100 micrograms/kg i.c.v., produced antidiuresis with decreases in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. With larger doses, a tendency towards increased electrolyte excretion was noted in spite of decreased filtration. In the denervated kidney, marked diuresis and natriuresis were observed following i.c.v. H, whereas the contralateral innervated kidney responded with typical antidiuresis. Reserpinized rabbits also responded with marked natriuresis to i.c.v. H. Diphenhydramine (D), 250 micrograms/kg i.c.v., increased urine flow rate, sodium and potassium excretion, along with increase in renal perfusion. With 750 micrograms/kg i.c.v., marked natriuresis was observed in spite of decreased filtration. When H was given after D (250 micrograms/kg) the antidiuresis was completely abolished, and diuresis became more prominent. Cimetidine, 250 micrograms/kg i.c.v., elicited antidiuresis with decreases in renal hemodynamics, the pretreatment with cimetidine did not influence the antidiuresis by H and no natriuresis was noted. The present study suggests that histamine, given i.c.v., influences renal function in dual ways, i.e., antidiuresis by increasing the sympathetic tone to the kidney and diuresis due to some humoral natriuretic factor, the latter becoming apparent only when the former influence has been removed, and further suggests that H1-receptors might be involved in the nerve-mediated antidiuresis, whereas H2-receptors might mediate the humorally induced natriuresis and diuresis.

Animals↗