Biomedical subjects

K Kalinov

Publications and source records attributed to K Kalinov.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Effect of transdermal estrogen therapy on some vasoactive humoral factors and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in normotensive postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND: Mechanisms of the vasoprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are not completely understood, and they may involve direct actions on blood vessels through modulation of endogenous vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. Most studies have focused on estrogen action on prostacyclin and nitric oxide, while insufficient data exist concerning the effect of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and prostaglandin E(2). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of transdermal estrogen therapy on VEGF, prostaglandin E(2) and active renin in normotensive postmenopausal women. METHODS: Transdermal estrogen (Climara) (Schering): 50 microg 17beta-estradiol) was given for 3 months to normotensive women with a surgically induced menopause, and serum levels of VEGF, active renin and prostaglandin E(2) were measured before and after treatment. In addition, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was carried out to determine the estrogen action on mean diurnal and nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. RESULTS: Estradiol treatment resulted in a significant increase in both VEGF and prostaglandin E(2). There was no significant change in active renin levels. However, out-patient monitoring showed a significant fall in systolic blood pressure (daytime, night-time and total 24-h). The stimulating action of ERT on VEGF and prostaglandin E(2) suggests that both factors can elicit estrogen vasodilatory effects. CONCLUSION: The estrogen-mediated increase in serum VEGF and prostaglandin E(2) concentrations may be a mechanism by which HRT benefits the cardiovascular system.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed2002

Effect of different hormone replacement therapy regimens on circadian blood pressure profile and active renin in postmenopausal women.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was considered as main prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. Mechanisms of vasoprotective effect of this treatment are complex. However, recent data give rise to some uncertainties about HRT benefits and risks. Little is known about the effects of oral and transdermal HRT regimens on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) and blood pressure (BP). This 3-month study comprised 28 menopausal women (age range 45-55 years) divided into two groups: Group 1: 12 normotensive women with natural occurrence of menopause receiving oral treatment with Climen (Schering) containing estradiol valerate and cyproterone acetate; Group 2: 16 normotensive women with surgically induced menopause receiving transdermal application of Climara (Schering) containing 17beta-estradiol. There were no significant differences in office BP before and after treatment with Climara or Climen. However, ambulatory monitoring showed a significant fall in systolic BP (day-time, night-time and total 24-h) when estradiol alone was used. A similar trend towards lower values of systolic BP that was significant only for the night-time BP was observed after treatment with Climen. There were no significant changes in diastolic BP after both treatment regimens. Heart rate (day-time and 24-h) was significantly lower after transdermal estradiol treatment. There was no significant change in active renin after both treatment regimens. The present study showed that both treatment regimens resulted in lower ambulatory BP in normotensive postmenopausal women with more notable reduction in night-time BP. Increase in nocturnal dipping may account in part for the beneficial cardiovascular effects of HRT including decreased end-organ damage.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed1996

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of type I (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus at presentation among Bulgarian children.

Clinical and laboratory data of 1248 newly diagnosed diabetic children at the time of diagnosis were analysed. All children were admitted to the University Children's Hospital in Sofia, 45.9% before first their insulin injection. Symptoms preceding the diagnosis and laboratory data (plasma glucose and ketonuria) were analysed, respectively for 1100 and 1022 children. Blood pH (mainly arterialized) was available in 558 ketonuria positive children and in other 82 acidotic breathing was reported. Mother's education was noted in the 1226 hospital records. Among the children with known urinanalysis 13.5% were without ketonuria (148 patients), 12 of them with fasting blood glucose < or = 6.4 mmol/1 (115 mg/dl). Eighteen-point-two percent of all children were hospitalized in a state of severe ketoacidosis (blood pH < or = 7.2 or reported acidotic breathing). The average duration of thirst and polyuria was 28 +/- 33 days. Ketonuria negative children with plasma glucose < or = 6.4 mmol/l showed a significantly shorter period of symptoms, compared to those with plasma glucose > 6.4 mmol/1 (17 +/- 25 vs. 25 +/- 31 days; P = 0.0991). The cases with severe ketoacidosis, compared to those with mild ketoacidosis (blood pH 7.21 - 7.34) showed shorter period of symptoms too (P = 0.0658). Moderate positive relation existed between the age at diagnosis and duration of symptoms (chi 2 = 43.28, D.F. = 8, P = 0.0000). The percentage of severe ketoacidosis is higher in the younger age groups. Febrile illness, preceding the start of the symptoms was more common in the groups with shorter duration of symptoms (up to 1 month), but did not change the proportion of severe ketoacidosis. No significant difference was found between the level of mother's education and duration of the symptoms before diagnosis (P = 0.9782). We conclude that the level of metabolic disturbances at the diagnosis of IDDM among children was not influenced by the duration of the preceding symptoms. The severity of clinical picture was possibly dependent on the degree of insulinopenia, i.e. the rate of beta-cell destruction. Clinical heterogeneity was possibly dependent on genetical heterogeneity related to HLA class II genes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Study on long-term biological variability of erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

The aim of the study was the estimation of long-term within-subject variability of ESR. ESR was measured in 52 healthy persons of both sexes, aged 20-50 years, twice a month during 6 consecutive months, after the method of Westergren. The within-run imprecision, expressed as CV was 13.2% (mean value, x = 3.9 mm h-1) and 3.8% (x = 16.0 mm h-1) respectively. The analytical day-to-day imprecision, calculated by duplicate measurements during 23 consecutive days. was s = 0.6 mm h-1. The medians from within-subject variances were 0.9 for men and 8.6 for women, respectively. The 90th percentiles were 11.3 for men and 40.6 for women, respectively. The critical differences based on the median value (dk50) were 3.1 mm h-1 (men) and 8.3 mm h-1 (women). The critical differences based on the 90th percentile (dk90) are 9.5 mm h-1 (men) and 17.7 mm h-1 (women).

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Aldosterone response to metoclopramide in patients with prolactinoma: effect of short-term bromocriptine treatment.

The acute effect of 10 mg metoclopramide i.v. on prolactin and aldosterone levels was studied in 8 women with prolactinoma and 8 normal women. The prolactin response to metoclopramide was blunted in hyperprolactinemic patients in comparison with controls. Metoclopramide induced similar aldosterone increases in patients and controls, but hyperprolactinemic women showed a more sustained aldosterone response. Bromocriptine treatment (10 mg daily p.o. for 5 days) in patients with prolactinoma completely suppressed the prolactin response to metoclopramide and the aldosterone response curve was very similar to that of controls. The results did not exclude some degree of suppression of aldosterone in response to bromocriptine.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Genetic heterogeneity of polycystic kidney disease in Bulgaria.

Linkage analysis was performed on 22 Bulgarian families with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) ascertained through the hemodialysis centers of two medical schools. A total of 128 affected and 59 unaffected individuals, and 54 spouses have been investigated using eight polymorphic markers linked to PKD1 and nine markers to PKD2. The results demonstrate locus heterogeneity with 0.67 as the maximum likelihood value of alpha, i.e., the proportion of families linked to PKD1. In five families, the results suggest linkage to PKD2 and observed recombinants place the gene between loci D4S1544 and D4S1542. In one family, two double recombinants for closely linked markers on chromosome 16 and on chromosome 4 give evidence for the lack of linkage to either PKD1 or PKD2, thus suggesting the involvement of a third locus. Analysis of clinical data in the PKD1 group versus the unlinked group shows no significant differences in the severity of the disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Kraepelin revisited: a reassessment and statistical analysis of dementia praecox and manic-depressive insanity in 1908.

A meta-analysis was carried out on 53 cases of dementia praecox (DP) and 134 cases of manic-depressive insanity (MDI) originally diagnosed by Kraepelin or his collaborators in Munich in 1908. The original case material was coded in terms of Present State Examination syndromes and analysed statistically for internal consistency and discrimination between the two diagnostic entities. Kraepelin's DP and MDI were found to define homogeneous groups of disorders which could be clearly distinguished from one another. A CATEGO re-classification of the cases revealed an 80.2% concordance rate between Kraepelin's diagnoses and ICD-9. Cluster analysis of the original data reproduced closely Kraepelin's dichotomous classification of the psychoses but suggested that DP was a narrower concept than schizophrenia today, while MDI was a composite group including both 'typical' manic-depressive illnesses and schizoaffective disorders.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Not Available].

The research study work is connected with certain for evaluation. Their knowledge is a precondition for a more qualitative and efficient work. The research study that took place gave us some notion to what extent the Bulgarian scientists in the field of medicine are aware of these criteria. What is the number of their scientific publications in Bulgarian and foreign magazines during the period 1991-96. The study gives an idea about how many of them have doctors<degrees how many of them did attain academic ranks and is there any connection between their academic degrees and ranks and quality of their academic work. The study also gives an answer to the question what qualities the scientists must possess when they evaluate the academic work of other people. An object of study has been also made the approaches for planning and financing of the research study work.

Bulgaria↗