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Biomedical subjects

K Kamoi

Publications and source records attributed to K Kamoi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Increase of serum somatomedin C in hyperthyroid patients with pregnancy.

In thyrotoxic women with pregnancy, serum somatomedin C (SmC) concentration was markedly elevated (mean +/- SD 13.57 +/- 4.66 U/ml) compared to thyrotoxic women without pregnancy (1.24 +/- 1.09 U/ml), non-pregnant euthyroid women previously treated for hyperthyroidism (0.87 +/- 0.30 U/ml), normal subjects with pregnancy (6.08 +/- 3.36 U/ml) and pregnant euthyroid women previously treated for hyperthyroidism (5.98 +/- 1.52 U/ml). Since SmC/growth hormone ratio was significantly more in thyrotoxic pregnant women than in normal pregnant women and euthyroid pregnant women previously treated for hyperthyroidism, and since human placental lactogen (HPL), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and prolactin (PRL) do not crossreact with SmC antibody, it is suggested that excess thyroid hormone during pregnancy results in excessive hepatic somatomedin C production.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Thirst and plasma levels of vasopressin, angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

To clarify a possible mechanism whereby the perception of thirst may be associated with diabetes mellitus, we measured plasma levels of vasopressin (AVP), angiotensin II (ANG II), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and plasma renin activity (PRA) in non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients with or without thirst. Thirteen male NIDDM patients complaining of thirst had a significantly high blood hematocrit, plasma urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations and plasma osmolality, indicating a reduction in plasma volume. In addition, the patients had a significantly high mean plasma concentrations of AVP (3.20 +/- 1.27 pmol/l) ANG II (33.8 +/- 31.4 pmol/l) and PRA, but a low mean plasma ANP concentration (8.9 +/- 4.5 pmol/l). After treatment with diet and/or sulfonylurea, plasma levels of AVP, ANG II and PRA decreased with a concomitant increase in plasma volume and disappearance of thirst. In contrast, 13 NIDDM patients (9 females and 4 males) without thirst had normal plasma urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, and the hematocrit did not change significantly after treatment. Plasma AVP (0.95 +/- 0.34 pmol/l), ANG II (14.7 +/- 8.8 pmol/l) and ANP (10.7 +/- 4.9 pmol/l) concentrations, and PRA were normal in this group of patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients, however, in fasting glucose concentration and HbA1c. We conclude from these results that a reduction in plasma volume may be the major factor responsible for the induction of thirst sensation and for increased AVP secretion in NIDDM patients. The mechanism underlying a reduction in plasma volume remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Anti-thyroid antibodies in patients with hyperprolactinemia.

To clarify the possible role of prolactin in the regulation of immune responses in man, we measured circulating anti-thyroid antibodies in 172 normal subjects, 84 patients with prolactinoma and 63 patients with acromegaly with normal thyroid and adrenocortical functions. Frequencies of positive thyroidal microsome and thyroglobulin antibodies were significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) higher in women with prolactinoma (20.6% and 20.6%) than in normal women (7.5% and 4.7%). Men with prolactinoma had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher frequency of positive thyroglobulin antibody (18.8%) than normal men (1.5%). When the subjects were divided by decade, women with prolactinoma in the 4th decade had significantly (p < 0.05) higher frequencies of positive thyroidal microsome and thyroglobulin antibodies (30.8% and 30.8%) than normal women of corresponding age (3.7% and 3.7%). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the frequencies of positive anti-thyroid antibodies in patients with acromegaly and in normal subjects. Analysis of the peripheral lymphocyte population revealed that patients with prolactinoma had a higher percentage of B cells than normal subjects, while there was no significant difference in the percentages of total T lymphocytes or in the helper and suppressor T cell ratios in the two groups of subjects. These results suggest that prolactin regulates humoral immune responses in man directly by stimulating B lymphocytes or indirectly by inhibiting suppressor T lymphocyte activity.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1990

Atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and with diabetes insipidus.

To examine a possible role for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in water and sodium metabolism disturbances associated with abnormal vasopressin (AVP) secretion, we measured plasma ANP concentrations in 15 patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and in 17 patients with central diabetes insipidus (DI). The mean plasma ANP concentration (30.2 +/- 10.4 pmol/L) in SIADH patients who had hyponatremia, plasma hypoosmolality, hyperosmolar urinary compared to plasma sodium levels, and increased plasma AVP levels relative to plasma osmolality was significantly higher than that in normal subjects (12.6 +/- 4.9 pmol/L), although there was a considerable individual variation in plasma ANP ranging from normal to clearly elevated levels (15.1-47.0 pmol/L). When hyponatremia was corrected by water restriction or demeclocycline administration, plasma ANP levels decreased significantly and fell into the normal range (12.5 +/- 4.3 pmol/L). DI patients who complained of polyuria and polydipsia and had hypoosmolar urine, normal or elevated plasma sodium concentrations, and decreased plasma AVP levels relative to plasma osmolality, on the other hand, had a significantly lower mean plasma ANP level (7.6 +/- 2.9 pmol/L) than normal subjects. There was, again, a considerable overlap between plasma ANP levels in individual DI patients (4.2-13.9 pmol/L) and those in normal subjects. Treatment with 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin resulted in a significant increase in the mean plasma ANP level (18.6 +/- 8.0 pmol/L). There were no significant correlations between plasma ANP and AVP levels in either group of patients. The results indicate that ANP secretion is modulated by changes in plasma volume consequent to abnormal AVP secretion, which may have a pathophysiological significance in maintaining volume homeostasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Glomerular filtration response to acute loading with protein from different sources in healthy volunteers and diabetic patients.

To evaluate the effects of acute protein loading on the glomerular filtration rate, albumin excretion rate and concentration of plasma amino acids, ten healthy volunteers and six type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria were studied before and after eating 0.7 g/kg body weight of tuna fish, boiled egg white, cheese or tofu (bean curd) on separate days. Furthermore, to study the possible role of glucagon, growth hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide and kallikrein in the responses of glomerular filtration rate to protein, these substances were measured before and after ingestion of tuna fish or egg white in six healthy volunteers. In healthy subjects, glomerular filtration rate increased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 98.1 +/- 4.2 ml/min during the baseline period to 129.9 +/- 6.6 ml/min after ingestion of tuna fish. No significant differences were seen between glomerular filtration rate before and after ingestion of egg white, cheese or bean curd. No significant differences were observed between the baseline albumin excretion rate and that after loading with any of the four kinds of protein. Plasma concentrations of alanine, glycine and arginine (amino acids known to induce glomerular hyperfiltration) increased to a greater degree after ingestion of tuna fish than after administration of the other meals. Diabetic subjects and healthy volunteers had similar responses. Plasma glucagon and growth hormone concentrations increased after ingestion of the tuna fish meal or egg white. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration and urinary kallikrein excretion were unaffected by ingestion of these two kinds of protein. These findings suggest that responses of glomerular filtration rate to acute protein loading may differ depending on the protein ingested, and that these responses may not be directly induced by glucagon, growth hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide or kallikrein.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical applications of Brånemark system implant in the Nippon Dental University Hospital. A 5-year report].

A clinical review was performed on patients who requested implantation and visited the Nippon Dental University Hospital during the five years from April 1985 to June 1990. This report describes patient characteristics and treatment results. 1. The total number of new patients was 127 (68 males and 59 females). Their ages ranged from 20 to 80 years. 2. The number of patients who were diagnosed with an indication for implantation and completed the 1st stage operation was 39 (30.7%). An additional 23 patients (18.1%) entered preoperative treatment and are waiting for their operation. Overall, implantation was indicated in 48.8% of all new patients. 3. The ages of patients at fixture installation ranged from 20 to 79 years (mean 60.54, S.D. 11.21) among the 39 patients (20 males and 19 females) who completed the 1st stage operation. As for the number of jaws, implantation was indicated in 40 jaws (21 in male patients and 19 in females). Maxillary implants were indicated in 8 jaws and mandibular implants were indicated in 32 jaws (1 male patient had indications in both jaws). 4. The total number of implanted fixtures was 198, of which 39 were installed in the maxilla, and 159 in the mandible (1 female patient was 5 mandibular fixtures installed at the University of British Columbia, Canada). 5. Of the fixtures implanted in 40 jaws, 94.9% of maxillary fixtures and 98.1% of mandibular fixtures remained stable after the 1st stage operation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Role of prolactin in age-related change in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations.

Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations were measured in 70 patients with prolactinoma and in 54 patients with acromegaly with normal adrenocortical function. Compared with values in normal subjects of corresponding age, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels were increased in 22 patients with prolactinoma (31%) and in 5 patients with acromegaly (9%). The four acromegalic patients who had elevated serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels had hyperprolactinemia. The mean serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations in patients with prolactinoma in each decade decreased with advancing age. There was a significant negative correlation between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations and ages of the patients with prolactinoma. In all 8 women with prolactinoma as in 6 normal women, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels declined definitely during the 9 years of follow-up despite persistent hyperprolactinemia. These results indicate that serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels are increased in a substantial number of patients with hyperprolactinemia, however, PRL per se may not play a significant role in the age-related change in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1989

[Study of regeneration in periodontal tissue after implantation of bone ceramic and collagen gel compound materials. Evaluation of histopathological finding and autoradiography].

The aim of this study is to determine the process of periodontal tissue regeneration and the metabolic activity of osteoblasts after implantation of bone ceramic and collagen gel compound materials (BC). Bone defects were artificially prepared in the alveolar septa of the bilateral upper first and second molars of Wistar rats. Subsequently, BC were implanted into the defective sites on the left side, and the gingival flaps were closed. At the defective sites on the right side, as a control, gingival flaps were closed without implantation. Rats were sacrificed 1, 3, 5, 7 or 14 weeks after implantation, and prepared tissue sections were observed both pathologically and autoradiographically using 3H-Proline. The results obtained were as follows: Pathological Findings One week after BC implantation, inflammatory cellular infiltration of the surrounding gingival connective tissue was relatively mild. Three weeks after implantation, BC were present in fibrous connective tissues, and some directly bound to the marices of regenerated bone. Observation 5 weeks after implantation revealed that BC had become embedded in the regenerated bone matrices and that there was giant cell reaction to foreign bodies at the margin of BC located in connective tissue. BC were directly bound to the regenerated bone matrices without intermediary fibrous tissues 7 and 14 weeks after implantation. Connective tissues showed high grade regeneration of collagen fiber bundles, in an arrangement that tended to be fixed in mesial and distal directions. Autoradiographic Findings There was no uptake of 3H-Proline into the regenerated bone matrices or the gingival connective tissue surrounding BC, while uptake of 3H-Proline into the entire area around the root apex and in the vicinity of the alveolar septum was observed with time (weeks) after BC implantation. These results suggest that BC provide nuclei for bone regeneration through inclusion in newly-generated periodontal bone tissue, although it is difficult to produce definite induction of bone tissue by BC alone. It is also apparent that these are useful bone implantation materials for restoration of the physiological morphology of alveolar bone in periodontal surgical treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Application of local drug delivery system to periodontal therapy. 4. Comparison of the therapeutic effects of administration of a TC film or root debridement on human periodontal disease].

In 8 patients with periodontal diseases under good supragingival plaque control, 22 test teeth each having a pocket not more than 4 mm deep were treated respectively with 3 consecutive administrations of tetracycline immobilized cross-linked collagen film (TC film) at intervals of 1 week, with onceroot planing and with both of these. The therapeutic effects were compared both clinically and micro biologically. The results revealed improvements in clinical symptoms such as reduction in the depth of the pocket, bleeding on pocket probing and the like for each treatment group in 6-12 weeks. The second and third groups also showed remarked gingival recession. Further more, the density of intrapocket microorganisms showed a remarked decrease up to the 8th week for each treatment group and the population of spirochetes showed a decrease up to the 6th week for the first treatment group and up to the 8th-12th week for the second and third treatment group. The results show that both local application of the TC film and root planing are effective in periodontal treatment, but not the combined treatment.

Collagen↗
PubMed1989

[Chemiluminescence and phagocytic reactions of human nuclear leukocytes incubated with Streptococcus sanguis].

This experiment was designed to determine the role of indigenous organisms in gingival inflammation of the oral cavity, The test bacteria consisted of 3 strains of Streptococcus sanguis isolated from plaque at the gingival margin and grown in sure culture. These strains were subsequently designated as A, B and C. Peripheral nuclear leukocytes were isolated from 5 test subjects with clinically healthy gingiva. Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and phagocytic functions of the 3 strains were measured, with the following results obtained. The mean peak value of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence following stimulation for strain A was 80.8 in the presence of serum, 38.8 in the presence of inactivated serum, and 20.5 in the absence of serum. For strain B it was 82.3 in the presence of serum, 6.4 in the presence of inactivated serum, and 2.5 in the absence of serum. For strain C it was 68.1 in the presence of serum, 65.3 in the presence of inactivated serum, and 8.3 in the absence of serum. In the absence of plasma strains A and B showed slight phagocytosis. In strain C, however, no phagocytosis was noted. In the presence of inactivated serum phagocytosis was increased strains A and B, but no phagocytosis was noted in strain C. In the presence of blood. phagocytosis was increased in strains A and B, but no phagocytosis was noted in strain C.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1989

[Immunohistological study of wound healing in periodontal tissue of rats. Distribution of fibronectin and laminin after flap operation].

This study describes the distribution of fibronectin and laminin in periodontal tissue of rats after a flap operation. After full thickness flaps were raised, the roots were surgically exposed and planed. Animals were sacrificed at 12 hours, and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after the wounding. The block specimens were fixed in formalin, decalcified with EDTA, made into serial paraffin sections, and examined after hematoxylin and eosin staining, after Masson-trichrome staining and by indirect immunofluorescence for the presence of fibronectin and laminin. After the wounding, fibronectin was detected in the fibrin clot, and the migratory epithelial cells crossed over this fibrin clot (12 hours-5 days). Fibronectin was deposited heavily in the granulation tissue. When the gingival connective tissue had matured, fibronectin diminished (5-14 days). On the root surface, a layer of fibronectin was present in the region where connective tissue fibers were oriented parallel to the root surface, while no fibronectin was seen at the site of reattachment of the regenerated collagen bundle (14-56 days). Laminin was present in the basement membrane of normal epithelium and blood vessels, but was absent from the internal basal lamina. After the wounding, laminin was absent from the basement membrane zone of the distal site of the migrating epithelium (1-3 days). Upon completion of wound reepithelialization at 5-7 days after wounding, laminin reappeared throughout the basement membrane except the internal basal lamina. These results suggest that fibronectin may be important in the regeneration of epithelium, connective tissue and connective tissue attachment during repair by functioning as an extracellular provisional matrix for migrating cells. On the other hand laminin may be important in maintaining the normal epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Histopathological study on qualitative changes in gingival collagen fibers for experimental periodontitis in rats. Remodeling of type I and III collagens detected by the Picrosirius-polarization method].

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the movement of type I and III collagens accompanying gingival inflammatory destruction. Experimental marginal periodontitis was induced by a calculogenic diet and a high-sucrose diet with feces in 3-week-old Wistar rats. We observed the changes in the interdental periodontium histopathologically by using the picrosirius-polarization method and an electron microscope. 1. After 5 weeks of eating the calculogenic diet, mild gingivitis was found. A small number of inflammatory cells consisting of neutrophils were seen. At the 2nd week, a variety of bone resorptions of alveolar crests began to appear. At the 10th week, an epithelial downgrowth was observed. At the 64th week, migration of epithelial attachment to half of the apex and a high degree of inflammatory cell infiltration of plasma cells could be seen. 2. Observations under the polarization microscope showed that interdantal horizontal fibers became coarse and type I collagen decreased but at the middle type III increased. However when the horizontal fasciculus were newly formed, type I was always dominant. Between interdental horizontal fibers and the alveolar crest, type III was increased. 3. Under the electron microscope microfibrils were found around adjacent degraded fibroblasts at the locations where collagen fibrils were destroyed and disappeared. In contrast, at the locations detached from inflammatory cell infiltration small bundles of microfibrils were seen. It is suggested that at the areas of destructive collagen structures the relative increase in type III and the appearance of microfibrils were caused by the reduction of type I. At the same time at the sites of detachment from the lesions, complete growth of type III and the appearance of microfibrils were found and were considered to be newly formed juvenile collagen structures. Moreover it is concluded that a balance proceeds with the qualitative changes in the types of collagen fibers involving breakdown and new formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Examination of periodontal disease with gingival crevicular fluid. Correlation between capacitance and clinical findings].

An intimate relationship between the inflammatory state of the gingiva and the amount of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is well known. For the measurement of the volume of GCF, filter paper has been used in the past. In the present study, an electrostatic capacity measuring apparatus with sensor that is insertable into gingival sulcus was fabricated. Capacitance of GCF was measured in patients with periodontitis and the following results were obtained. 1. The measuring apparatus was controlled by a personal computer to obtain the data every 0.1 second. As the GI increased at the site of measurement, higher values were obtained, with longer persistence of the trend of increase in the measured value. 2. In view of the stability of the measured values, the amount of GCF appeared to be best expressed as the value obtained after 10 seconds. 3. The correlation between the capacitance and the clinical findings was evaluated at 500 sites. The correlation was the highest in GI followed by P1I, GBI and PD, suggesting the utility of this method in the detection of initial gingival inflammation.

Electrolytes↗
PubMed1989

[Cytotoxicity of povidone-iodine on cultured mammalian cells].

Cytotoxicity of povidone-iodine on cultured mammalian cells was studied using cultured Chinese hamster lung cells (V 79 cells). Treatment of V 79 cells with povidone-iodine at 100-500 micrograms/ml for 24 to 72 hr induced a growth inhibition of the cells in a dose-dependent manner. Although minimum inhibition of survival of V 79 cells was elicited in cultures treated with povidone-iodine at 100-300 micrograms/ml for 2 to 24 hr, treatment at 500 micrograms/ml for 6 to 24 hr resulted in decrease in cell survival in a treatment time-dependent fasion. Exposure of cells to povidone-iodine at 100-500 micrograms/ml for 2 hr caused inhibition of DNA, RNA or protein synthesis of cells up to 13.9% of untreated cells. These results indicate that cytotoxicity of povidone-iodine occurs in dose- and treatment time-dependent manners and that povidone-iodine induces inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein syntheses of cells, even by the treatment which causes no reduction of cell survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Maintenance care for dental implant].

Dental implant has tried at the early stage in 19th century recovering an oral function and esthetics. Technological revolutions in biochemical and new materials have developed on the remarkable change in the dental implants, nowadays we call the three generation therapy for dental implantology. There are many kinds of methods and techniques in dental implants, however a lot of troublesome complication on the process of surgical phase, construction of prothodontics and prognosis of maintenance care. In the proceedings of this symposium, I would like to propose you how to manage the maintenance care for various kind of dental implants through the methodology and case presentations. Tendenay and future for dental implants The current outlook of dental implant has increasing supply and demand not only dentists but also patients. According to Japanese Welfare Ministry's report in 1987, average missing teeth over sixty years old generations are approximately 42% in accordance with NIDR (U.S.A.) research. They are missed on ten over teeth in full 28th teeth dentitions owing to dental caries and periodontal diseases. Generally speaking, latent implant patients are occupied on the same possibility of needs for dental implants both Japan and U.S.A. Management of maintenance care The patients hardly recognized the importance of plaque control for the maintenance care in the intraoral condition after implantation. Dentists and dental staffs must be instruct patients for importance of plaque removal and control, because they already had forgotten the habit of teeth cleaning, especially in the edenturous conditions. 1) Concept of establishment in oral hygiene. Motivation and instruction for patients include very important factors in dental implants as well as in periodontal diseases. Patients who could not achieve on good oral hygiene levels obtained no good results in the long term observations. To establish good oral hygiene are how to control supra plaque surrounding tissues with patient himself. Ultimate concept of implantology have supported common concordance with periodontal therapy. 2) Patients consent and co-operation the right of informed consent, agreement to treatment by the patient has been gaining increased importance to implantology. Even the patient has consent, they must co-operate the process of dental implant with co-therapist (Fig. 2). 3) The clinical examination of clinical parameters in dental implants. (1) Plaque Index (Silness & Loe 1964) and Plaque Control Record (0 Leary 1978) (Table 5). (2) Gingival inflammation (Fig. 3). Ordinarlly, Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI Ainamo & Bay 1975) and Papilla Bleeding Index (Saxer & Jühlemann 1975) are used. (3) The depth of peri-implant sulcus with the plastic probe. (NDU style) (Fig. 4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Dental Implants↗