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Biomedical subjects

K Karlsson

Publications and source records attributed to K Karlsson.

160 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Anesthesia for cesarean section II: effects of the induction-delivery interval on the respiratory adaptation of the newborn in elective cesarean section.

Ten healthy mothers and their infants were studied in connection with elective cesarean section. Anesthesia was induced with 250-300 mg hexobarbitone followed by 100 mg succinylcholine for endotracheal intubation. The surgeon started the operation when the eyelid reflex disappeared, and delivered the baby as quickly as possible. Mean induction-delivery (I-D) interval was 2 min 45 s. Anesthesia was then deepened with further barbiturate, diazepam and methoxyflurane, and alcuronium used as muscle relaxant. The respiratory adaptation of the infant was studied by blood gas and acid-base measurements in repeated arterial samples during the first three hours of life. The mothers were interviewed after 3-12 months. A comparison was made with another barbiturate group with a longer I-D interval (x = 9 min 10 s). The present material showed initially higher PaO2 lower PaCO2, higher pH and less base deficit (BD), which relfected the maternal state at delivery. After 10-30 min, the results approached equivalence, though the babies in the short I-D group showed a tendency toward normalization of metabolic acidosis earlier. At the interviews, two mothers complained of pain during skin incision, and two of nightmares. Anesthesia with barbiturate for cesarean section with the I-D intervals studied in both groups allowed good respiratory adaptation in the infants. There is, neverless, the need for an adequate period of time between induction and the start of the operation in order to minimize the risk for maternal awareness.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shigellosis in Vietnam: seroepidemiologic studies with use of lipopolysaccharide antigens in enzyme immunoassays.

The performance of enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) with use of O-antigen-containing lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) extracted with phenol-water from Shigella dysenteriae type 1, Shigella flexneri serotypes 1a-5b, and Shigella sonnei for determination of the serum antibody responses after onset of bacillary dysentery is reviewed. For the purpose of several studies, serum samples from a total of 175 Vietnamese and 47 Swedish patients, for whom Shigella species had been isolated from fecal specimens, were obtained at various intervals until less than or equal to 1 year after the onset of infection. Titers of antibodies in serum samples from infected patients were compared with those in serum samples from healthy control subjects; the combined control population of all studies comprised 426 Vietnamese and 154 Swedes. The sensitivity of the EIAs ranged from 78% to 100% for patients whose fecal culture was positive for Shigella. For diagnosis of S. flexneri, a species-specific but no serotype-specific assay based on LPS antigens is possible. Among Vietnamese patients the EIA with use of S. flexneri was sensitive and diagnostic only for children less than 3 years of age, most likely because healthy older Vietnamese children and adults have high titers of antibody to the O-antigens of S. flexneri. Among Swedish patients the same EIA was diagnostic for adults as well as children. Increased titers of IgA in the early phase and of IgG in the convalescent phase, as determined by EIA, were the best indicators of infection due to Shigella species.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗