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Biomedical subjects

K Karthikeyan

Publications and source records attributed to K Karthikeyan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Cardioprotective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins on isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) might protect the heart against myocardial injury (MI) induced by isoproterenol (ISO), in a rat model. METHODS: GSP was administered orally to Wistar albino rats (150-180 g) in three different doses, by gastric gavage (50, 100 and 150 mg kg(-1) GSP), 6 days a week for 5 weeks. At the end of this period, all the rats, except the normal untreated rats that served as the control group, were administered ISO, 85 mg kg(-1) subcutaneously, for 2 consecutive days to induce myocardial injury. After 48 h, rats (n=6 per group) were anaesthetized with anesthetic ether, sacrificed and the levels of biochemical and histological observations of the heart tissues were performed. RESULT: Our results suggest that prior administration of GSP maintained the levels of the marker enzymes (AST, ALT, LDH and CK) in all the treatment groups (GSP-50-ISO, GSP-100-ISO and GSP-150-ISO) when compared to ISO-injected rats. The entire baseline groups also showed no significant alterations in serum marker enzyme levels in comparison to that of control group. Interestingly, in this study, there was no significant change in the basal levels of myocardial TBARS, GST, SOD and CAT on administration of GSP in all the three dosages (GSP-50-BL, GSP-100-BL and GSP-150-BL). However, a significant decrease occurred in the levels of GSH and GPx in group GSP-50-BL, which in the absence of any cellular injury (as evidenced by histological studies), is considered to be non-lethal. In the ISO-injected group there was a significant rise in TBARS and a significant decrease in GSH, GPx, GST, SOD and CAT when compared to group control. The administration of GSP maintained the activities of these enzymes close to normal levels when compared to group ISO, which proves the stress stabilizing action of GSP. The biochemical and histological evidence from this study shows that 100 and 150 mg kg(-1) of GSP protected against ISO-induced myocardial injury. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that GSP has a significant effect in the protection of heart against MI induced by ISO. We believe that pretreatment with GSP may contribute to developing novel strategies in the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxic effects of elevated levels of catecholamine.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Endodontic management of a fused maxillary lateral incisor with a supernumerary tooth: a case report.

Fusion is a rare occurrence and its definitive diagnosis is of prime importance for successful root canal treatment. This case report discusses the endodontic and esthetic management of fused maxillary lateral incisor with a supernumerary tooth that presented with spacing between the fused tooth and the adjacent central incisor. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment was performed on the fused teeth followed by postendodontic esthetic restoration. The patient remained symptom-free and there was a reduction in the size of periapical radiolucency after 1 year.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Treatment of scabies: newer perspectives.

Scabies is a common dermatological problem managed by general physicians, family physicians, and dermatologists. Scabies manifests itself in various forms in different individuals. The treatment of scabies has undergone developments with the evolution of new treatment strategies and antiectoparasitic drugs. The advent of drugs such as permethrin and ivermectin has revolutionised treatment. Management of scabies not only includes prescribing the drugs but also educating patients properly about the method of application of the drug. Treatment failures may result for various reasons and must be managed appropriately.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2005

Protective effect of propyl gallate against myocardial oxidative stress-induced injury in rat.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of chronic administration of propyl gallate on myocardial oxidative stress-induced injury. Propyl gallate was administered orally to Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) in three different doses, by gastric gavage (250 mg kg(-1) (P1), 500 mg kg(-1) (P2) and 750 mg kg(-1) (P3)), 6 days a week for 5 weeks. At the end of this period, all the rats, except the normal untreated rats that served as the control group, were administered isoproterenol (ISO), 85 mg kg(-1) subcutaneously, for 2 consecutive days to induce myocardial injury. After 48 h, rats (n = 6 per group) were anaesthetized with anaesthetic ether, sacrificed and the hearts were harvested for the estimation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), endogenous antioxidants (reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase) and for the assessment of histological changes. In the P2 BL group (BL = baseline), there was a significant (P < 0.001) rise in baseline TBARS and SOD when compared with the saline-treated group, while no such changes were observed in the other baseline-treated groups. However, there was a significant (P < 0.001) increase in TBARS and endogenous anti-oxidants (GSH, SOD and catalase) in the P2 ISO and P3 ISO groups, when the hearts were subjected to in-vivo myocardial oxidative stress-induced injury. We observed no such changes in the P1 ISO group. This study showed that propyl gallate modulates the levels of endogenous antioxidants present at the myocardial site. Whether these modifications are a result of direct interference at this site or a remote effect is not immediately clear. In conclusion, from the results it could be stated that chronic administration of 500 mg kg(-1) of propyl gallate offers significant protection against myocardial oxidative stress-induced injury.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2003

Cardioprotective effect of the alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark in an in vivo model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of chronic administration of the alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna (TAAE) bark on isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. The TAAE was administered orally to Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) in three different doses, by gastric gavage [3.4 mg/kg: (T1), 6.75 mg/kg: (T2) and 9.75 mg/kg: (T3)] 6 days/week for 4 weeks. At the end of this period, all the animals, except the normal untreated rats that served as the control group, were administered isoproterenol (ISO) 85 mg/kg, S.C., for two consecutive days to induce in vivo myocardial injury. After 48 hours rats were anaesthetized with anaesthetic ether, then sacrificed and the hearts were harvested for biochemical and histological studies. A significant rise in myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and loss of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (suggestive of increased oxidative stress) occurred in the hearts subjected to in vivo myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury. The 6.75 mg/kg TAAE treatment group (baseline) shows a significant increase in myocardial TBARS as well as endogenous antioxidants (GSH, SOD, and catalase), but not in the other treatment groups. In in vivo ischemic reperfusion injury of the TAAE treated rats there was a significant decrease in TBARS in all the groups. In 6.75 mg/kg treatment group, a significant rise in the levels of GSH, SOD and catalase were observed, and it shows better recovery profile than the other groups subjected to in vivo ischemic reperfusion injury. In histological studies, all the groups, except the isoproterenol treated group, showed preserved myocardium. The present study demonstrates that the 6.75 mg/kg TAAE augments endogenous antioxidant compounds of the rat heart and also prevents the myocardium from isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Leg ulcers in active lepromatous leprosy associated with cryoglobulinaemia.

A 40-year-old male agricultural labourer presented with active lepromatous leprosy and painful leg ulcers of 2 months' duration. Biopsy from the ulcer showed nonspecific changes. Raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and positive rheumatoid factor made us suspect underlying cryoglobulinaemia. Presence of cryoprecipitate in the serum, demonstration of cryoglobulins by serum electrophoresis and raised cryocrit were compatible with cryoglobulinaemia as the cause of atypical leg ulcers in this case. The ulcers healed with bed rest, aspirin and specific anti-leprosy treatment. Though 95% of lepromatous leprosy patients can have cryoglobulinaemia, the presence of atypical ulcers as seen in our patient has not previously been related to the presence of cryoglobulinaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Cutaneous anthrax: an endemic outbreak in south India.

Although human anthrax has become rare, endemic outbreaks still occur in tropical countries, parts of South America and Europe. We report 23 cases of cutaneous anthrax due to an endemic outbreak of animal and human anthrax in South India. These patients were admitted to our hospital between July 1998 and July 2001. Children outnumbered adults and most of them had lesions on the exposed sites. The majority of patients reported the death of infected animals in the neighbourhood without any direct contact with dead animals. Hence, vector borne transmission was suspected in most of the cases. Diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of a typical ulcer with eschar, Gram-stained smears from ulcers and epidemiological evidence. Except for one fatal case, all patients responded to treatment.

Adolescent↗