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Biomedical subjects

K Katariya

Publications and source records attributed to K Katariya.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Thoracic malignancies associated with AIDS.

The immunocompromised state is a major risk factor for the development of malignant tumors. Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) represent a large segment of the immunocompromised group of patients. Kaposi's sarcoma, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, primary central nervous system lymphoma, and invasive cervical carcinoma are malignant tumors that are all AIDS-defining illnesses. Lung cancer is also seen with a higher frequency in AIDS patients. Malignant tumors are more aggressive in this group of patients as compared with the general population. Prognosis is poor, although with the improved survivals seen with new treatment in these patients, aggressive therapy is still warranted.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

Oral amiodarone reduces incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common occurrence after heart operations that use cardiopulmonary bypass. It can cause life-threatening complications as well as delay discharge and increase hospitalization costs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of orally administered low-dose amiodarone on the incidence of new onset postoperative AF. METHODS: In this prospective study, 226 consecutive adult patients (group A) who had various heart operations utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass between April and November of 1998 at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, were given oral amiodarone (200 mg three times a day), starting immediately after arrival in the intensive care unit until the day of hospital discharge. The incidence of new AF in this group of patients was assessed and compared with a historical group of 239 patients (group B) who had had cardiac operations with cardiopulmonary bypass in the preceding 9 months at the same institution. RESULTS: Preoperative patient characteristics and procedure types were similar in the two groups. Among the 226 patients in group A, 13 (5.7%) had history of AF. Of the remaining 213 patients, new-onset AF occurred postoperatively in 10 (4.7%). Among the 239 patients in group B, 16 (6.7%) had history of AF. Of the remaining 223 patients, 44 (19.7%) developed new-onset AF (p < 0.001). Group A patients had a shorter length of hospital stay than those in group B (6.5 versus 7.8 days) but had a similar incidence of complications other than AF (23 of 226 patients in group A versus 24 of 239 in group B). The drug was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative low-dose amiodarone given orally to patients who had cardiopulmonary bypass was well tolerated and appeared to reduce the incidence of new-onset AF and decrease the length of hospital stay.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Malignancies associated with the immunocompromised state.

Neoplastic disease occurs more frequently in immunocompromised patients than in the general population. These tumors occur at an earlier age and behave more aggressively. Their origin is linked to viral infection and other causes of immunodeficiency, such as antirejection drugs. Despite aggressive therapy, these patients have a poor prognosis when compared with immunocompetent individuals with similar tumors.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

Surgical management of empyema.

The cause and presentation of empyema thoraces has changed little since it was first described. The natural history of the disease can be divided into different stages. Different therapeutic measures, medical and surgical, are available for the treatment at various stages. The management of empyema is discussed, emphasizing the surgical aspects.

Empyema, Pleural↗
PubMed1996

Malignant tracheo-esophageal fistula: use of esophageal endoprosthesis.

Malignant tracheo-esophageal fistula (TEF) is a serious complication of cancer arising usually in the esophagus, lung, or tracheobronchial tree. Repeated aspiration and pneumonia lead to rapid deterioration and death. The prognosis is dismal and curative resections are curiosities. Surgical bypass of the lesion has been performed but is associated with 25-61% mortality. Other treatments have been employed, such as enterostomies, esophageal endoprostheses, and supportive care. The reported mortality of palliative procedures using endoprostheses, surgical bypass, or exclusion in almost identical. A retrospective review of the data over the past decade revealed a trend toward insertion of endoprostheses. Insertion of endoprostheses can be performed in an endoscopy suite, under sedation, and has fewer major complications than occur with a surgical approach. The periprocedure mortality rate for these patients is 15%, compared to a 29-47% perioperative mortality for patients undergoing surgery. Even so, patients after surgical procedures could survive for 8 months or more, which is better than survival after endoprosthesis intubation. We conclude that insertion of an esophageal endoprosthesis should be the usual preferred option for palliative treatment of malignant TEF. However, for special candidates a surgical procedure is a valid option.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Complications of transhiatal esophagectomy.

A total of 23 papers published between 1981 and 1992, reporting a total of 1,353 patients, were reviewed for intraoperative and postoperative complications of transhiatal esophagectomy. Intraoperative complications included massive bleeding, tracheal injuries, cardiac arrhythmias, and incidental splenectomies. Even though the chest was not opened, the commonest postoperative complications were pulmonary. Leakage from the cervical anastomosis was seen in as many as 15% of all patients, but almost all resolved spontaneously. Postoperative benign strictures were seen in almost as many patients. Hoarseness due to recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux, chylothorax, Horner's syndrome, subphrenic abscess, hiatal hernia, and biliary cutaneous fistula were some of the other postoperative complications. An overview of these complications is presented, along with suggested methods of avoiding them and their treatment. The overall mortality for the 1,353 patients was 7.17%.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗