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Biomedical subjects

K Khatri

Publications and source records attributed to K Khatri.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Vascularization of developing human olfactory neuroepithelium - a morphometric study.

The present study reveals intraepithelial capillaries in the olfactory neuroepithelium of human fetuses aged between 12 and 24 weeks of gestation, which disappear at birth. The area occupied by the intraepithelial capillaries increases significantly with fetal age (0.047 +/- 0.014 microm(2)/microm(2) at 12 weeks and 0.101 +/- 0. 025 microm(2)/microm(2) at 24 weeks) and with the thickness of the epithelium (45.00 +/- 6.74 microm at 8 weeks and 64.10 +/- 8.51 microm at 24 weeks). The vascularization of the developing neuroepithelium may suggest increased metabolic demand during development and maturation of the olfactory neuroepithelium, and postnatal retreat of capillaries to the underlying lamina propria may suggest diffusion of nutrients and gases from blood vessels into the lamina propria and direct gaseous exchange from the atmosphere.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1998

Comparative clinical trial of 2 carbon dioxide resurfacing lasers with varying pulse durations. 100 microseconds vs 1 millisecond.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical and histological effects of 2 carbon dioxide lasers with different pulse durations and to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide laser pulse duration on postprocedure erythema, wound healing, and efficacy of wrinkle treatment. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, comparative clinical trial. SETTING: A university-affiliated hospital-based laser center. PATIENTS: Thirty-five patients with facial wrinkles were enrolled in the study. Treatment sites included 15 perioral, 14 periorbital areas, and 6 full face. INTERVENTION: A 2-sided comparison was performed. One side of the study site was treated with the TruPulse laser (Tissue Technologies, Palomar Medical Products Inc, Lexington, Mass). The other side of the study site was treated with the UltraPulse 5000 laser (Coherent Medical Inc, Palo Alto, Calif). The 2 sides were treated to equivalent tissue effects rather than maintaining the number of passes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Photographs of the treatment areas at baseline, week 1, week 2, month 2, and month 6 were evaluated by a 5-member panel for degree of erythema, amount of edema, and percentage of wrinkle improvement. Silicon skin casts for profilometry measurements before and after the treatment were compared. To evaluate skin shrinkage, surface area before and after treatment of square tattoos on both cheeks of the full-face patients were computed using a digital imaging system. Histological sections before and after the procedure were analyzed. RESULTS: At week 1, 75% of the patients had more erythema on the UltraPulse than TruPulse sides. The difference in erythema (TruPulse less than UltraPulse) between the 2 treatment sides was clinically mild yet statistically significant for weeks 1 (P = .05) and 2 (P = .05). Although observed results favored the UltraPulse over the TruPulse, the difference in efficacy between the 2 lasers did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the longer pulse-duration carbon dioxide laser, the shorter pulse-duration carbon dioxide laser, used with higher energy and more passes, caused slightly less erythema while maintaining efficacy. The longer pulse-duration laser required lower energy and fewer number of passes to achieve an equivalent depth of ablation, level of residual thermal damage, and degree of efficacy. The shorter TruPulse allows for more superficial tissue damage per pass and therefore is best suited for situations requiring superficial or more controlled ablation. The longer UltraPulse achieves a desirable depth of tissue damage with fewer passes. The data did not support the long-term presence of tissue collagen shrinkage in the treated areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Sensory innervation of the suprarenal gland in the albino rat: a fluorescent tract tracer study.

The afferent innervation of the suprarenal gland was studied by using a fluorescent tract tracer in the adult albino rat. The left suprarenal gland was injected slowly with 5 microl of 2% aqueous suspension of Fast blue. After a survival period of 4-5 days, the dorsal root ganglia were dissected out and 15-microm-thick plastic (JB 4) sections were examined under the fluorescent microscope. The labelled neurons were seen from the third thoracic to second lumbar dorsal root ganglia, ipsilateral to the site of injection with maximum concentration from T6 to T11. These primary sensory neurons were round to oval in shape, varied from 7 microm to 40 microm in size, and were distributed randomly in the dorsal root ganglia. The labelling of the primary sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia confirms the presence of sensory nerve endings in the suprarenal gland that may be responsible for the vascular distension and hormonal release.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1994

Utilization of pulmonary function tests by primary care internists in a community hospital.

OBJECTIVE: A quality assurance effort to evaluate the use of pulmonary function tests by primary care physicians. Specifically, to examine the patient's understanding of the test, the types of tests physicians order, and the appropriateness of the ordered tests for answering questions posed by physicians. DESIGN: Concurrent chart review, clinical interviews, and patient interviews. SETTING: Community teaching hospital. PATIENTS: 101 consecutive inpatients and outpatients, referred to the Pulmonary Function Laboratory over a consecutive 5-month period. MEASUREMENTS: Interview of the patient by a pulmonary technician. Interview of the primary care physician by a pulmonary physician. Interview, where applicable, with the house staff. Final assessment by a pulmonary physician. MAIN RESULTS: 64% of the patients understood the purpose of the test and 49% of the patients felt there was some potential benefit to be derived from participating in the testing. Sixty-five percent of the physicians ordered specific tests on their patients. Seventy-two percent of physicians planned on using the data obtained from testing to formulate treatment decisions. Fifty percent of the interviewed physicians said they were using the results for decisions regarding further diagnostic evaluation and/or treatment. The reviewing pulmonary physician considered that 31% of the pulmonary function tests ordered were appropriate for the goals defined by the requesting physician. Sixty-eight percent of the ordered tests could have had some aspects of ordering improved, and 1% of the testing was unnecessary. CONCLUSIONS: 1) There is a need to increase patient understanding of the indications and potential benefits of participating in pulmonary function testing. 2) When physicians-in-training are involved in the process of requesting pulmonary function tests, greater staff-level supervision and involvement should be present. 3) There is a need to increase physician knowledge regarding the appropriate pulmonary function tests that should be requested for specific clinical questions and situations. 4) The requesting form for pulmonary function testing may serve to remind and educate the physician, while documenting the indications for the testing and the physician's efforts. 5) Quality assurance/utilization-review efforts can be combined with educational efforts that could result in a diminution of the deficiencies.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and class II genes in non-Jewish patients with pemphigus vulgaris.

Previous studies demonstrated that HLA-DR4 was markedly increased among Ashkenazi Jewish patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV), almost entirely as the common Jewish extended haplotype [HLA-B38, SC21, DR4, DQw8] or as the haplotype HLA-B35, SC31, DR4, DQw8, and that HLA-DR4, DQw8 was distributed among patients in a manner consistent with dominant expression of a class II (D-region or D-region-linked) susceptibility gene. In the present study of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes in 25 non-Jewish PV patients, DR4, DQw8 was found in 12 of the patients and DRw6, DQw5 was found in 15. Only 3 patients had neither. Only 1 of the DR4, DQw8 haplotypes was [HLA-B38, SC21, DR4, DQw8] and 2 were HLA-B35, SC31, DR4, DQw8; most were the presumed fragments (SC31, DR4, DQw8) or (SC21, DR4, DQw8) or DR4, DQw8 with some other complotype. Of the patients with DRw6, DQw5, all were DRw14, DQw5, and 6 had a rare Caucasian haplotype, HLA-Bw55, SB45, DRw14, DQw5. Four of 6 of these were found in patients of Italian extraction, as was the 1 normal example. The non-Jewish patients were of more Southern European extraction than our controls. This suggests that there are two major MHC susceptibility alleles in American patients with PV. The more ancient apparently arose on a haplotype in the Jews, HLA-B38(35), SC21(SC31), DR4, DQw8, and spread to other populations largely as D-region segments. The other arose in or near Italy on the haplotype HLA-Bw55, SB45, DRw14, DQw5 and has also partially fragmented so that many patients carry only DRw14, DQw5. The available data do not permit the specific localization of either the DR4, DQw8- or the DRw14, DQw5-linked susceptibility genes.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

Major histocompatibility complex haplotype studies in Ashkenazi Jewish patients with pemphigus vulgaris.

Of 26 Ashkenazi Jewish patients with pemphigus vulgaris, 24 (92.3%) carried the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles HLA-DR4, DQw3, of which all were of the subtype DR4, DQw8. From studies of the patients and their families, haplotypes were defined. It was found that, of the patients who carried HLA-DR4, DQw8, 75% carried one or the other (and in one case, both) of two haplotypes [HLA-B38, SC21, DR4] or HLA-B35, SC31, DR4. The former is a known extended haplotype among normal Jews, with a frequency of 0.102, and the latter may also be an extended haplotype in this ethnic group, with a frequency of 0.017 among normal haplotypes from Jews. Of the remaining DR4-positive patients, all but one had a presumed D-region segment (defined as SC21, DR4, DQw8 or SC31, DR4, DQw8 with variable HLA-B) of these haplotypes. Only one patient had DR4, DQw8 without any other markers of the extended haplotypes. The number of homozygotes and heterozygotes for DR4, DQw8 was consistent with dominant but not recessive (P less than 0.01) inheritance of a class II or a class II-linked susceptibility gene for the disease. Since the disease is entirely attributable to the presence of an antibody to an intraepidermal intercellular cement substance, it is likely that the class II susceptibility gene (on [HLA-B38, SC21, DR4, DQw8], HLA-B35, SC31, DR4, DQw8, or their segments, in Jewish patients) controls the production of the antibody as a dominantly expressed immune response gene.

Alleles↗