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Biomedical subjects

K Kishida

Publications and source records attributed to K Kishida.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Application of health questionnaires for health management in small- and medium-sized enterprises].

Two kinds of health questionnaires, the Todai Health Index (THI) and Cumulative Fatigue Index (CFI), were applied as a screening device for health management of workers belonging to small-medium sized enterprises. A total of 495 workers composed of 452 male workers of a glass-bottle manufacturing factory and 43 male workers of a soft-drink bottling factory were the subjects of the present study. It was found that the two kinds of health questionnaires were different from each other and have their own characteristics. Twelve scales of THI were grouped into two, the first consisting of ten scales (SUSY, RESP, EYSK, MOUT, DIGE, IMPU, MENT, DEPR, NERV, and LIFE) and the second consisting of two scales (AGGR and LISC). Nine categories of CFI were grouped into one by using principal factor analysis. It was confirmed that the twelve scale scores of THI obtained at small-medium sized factories differed from those scale scores of a reference group investigated at a large-sized enterprise. It is on the basis of the scales of aggressiveness and lies and also of the scale of mental unstability which characterizes workers, locality, job (clerical or field work), and size of industry (large or small sized) that the difference could be evaluated. Urban life characterized by a life style of staying up late at night and waking up late in the morning has been reflected on the scale of life irregularity. Irregularity of life induced by transformation of working schedule, such as two or three shifts of work and overtime, was also reflected on this scale. Two scales of THI test, i.e., many subjective symptoms and digestive organ complaints, seemed to be the representative scales indicating a close relation between work load and health level. The discriminant score for diagnosis of psychosomatic diseases is considered to be one of the most useful assessments of the individual's health condition. As mentioned above, THI is recommended as a convenient assessment method for health management of workers and for screening individuals or groups requiring health management from the total respondents belonging to small-medium sized enterprises where health administrators or professionals for health services are not available. A combined use of THI and CFI is more effective in evaluating health status of field workers than the independent use of one of these two tests, because the causal relationship between work load and health status cannot be satisfactorily observed, only through THI.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cytochrome P-450 and related components of the microsomal electron transport system in the bovine ciliary body.

Microsomes were prepared from bovine ciliary bodies. The contents of cytochrome P-450 and related components of the microsomal electron transport system were determined. The cytochrome P-450 content was 32 pmoles/mg protein, which was about 4% that in rat liver. The cytochrome b5 content was 59 pmoles/mg protein. The NADH-cytochrome c reductase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities were 268 and 18 nmoles/min/mg protein, respectively. The ethoxyresorufin deethylase activity was 2.1 pmoles product formed/min/mg protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A newly established cell line of rabbit lens epithelium.

Rabbit lens epithelial cells have been cultured continuously for more than 24 months (200 generations) in monolayers. Their morphology resembled cobblestones when confluent and was spindle-shaped during growth. The doubling time was 40 hours. The cells were capable of colony formation and their plating efficiency was about 6%. They had immunoreactivity to antiserum to the crystalline-rich supernatant of rabbit lens homogenate. Therefore, it was concluded that they were a permanent cell line and they were named TOTL-86 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Glutathione depletion and oxidative stress: study with perfused bovine eye.

A bovine eye perfusion system was developed for detoxification studies. The viability of the system was examined by two criteria: the permeability of the aqueous-blood barrier to protein, and the turnover of aqueous humor formation. Although the usefulness of the system for physiological studies is limited, the bovine eye perfusion system proved to be useful for biochemical studies of detoxification. When the system was perfused with t-butyl hydroperoxide plus the glutathione reductase inhibitor nitrofurantoin, glutathione levels of the ciliary body and iris were markedly reduced. The result was interpreted to suggest that glutathione and its redox cycling may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Electrical characteristics of the isolated dog ciliary body.

Transepithelial potential difference and short-circuit current of the dog ciliary body were measured in vitro in an Ussing-type chamber using HEPES-buffered solution containing bicarbonate. Their values were -1.35 +/- 0.08 mV (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 52) and -23.6 +/- 1.7 microA/cm2, respectively. At 10(-4) M, ouabain reduced the short-circuit current upon to either side of the chamber. On the other hand, at 10(-5) M of furosemide to the aqueous side, the short-circuit current was reduced. However even at 10(-3) M, this drug had no effect when applied to the stromal side. Behavior of the dog ciliary body towards these two inhibitors was compared with that of the toad and rabbit tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Neutrophil collagenolytic activity in patients with Behçet disease.

Studies were made on neutrophil dysfunction in Behçet disease by examining collagenolytic activity in neutrophils. The collagenolytic activity of neutrophil was found to be significantly higher in patients during the attack phase of this disease than in patients during the remission phase, in patients with other forms of uveitis and in normal controls. Collagenase was present in the collagenolytic enzyme, which showed high activity in the attack phase. The molecular weight of this enzyme was similar to that of mammalian neutrophil collagenase.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Selective elimination of a B cell subset having acceptor site(s) for T cell-replacing factor (TRF) with biotinylated antibody to the acceptor site(s) and avidin-ricin A-chain conjugate.

A covalent conjugate of avidin with ricin subunit A-chain (avidin-RA) was prepared by using N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate as a coupling agent. Selective cytotoxic activity after the combined treatment of spleen cells with biotinylated antibody and avidin-RA was demonstrated by the fact that the responsiveness to LPS was selectively abrogated by pretreatment of the cells with biotinylated rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin (MIg) antibody, but not with biotinylated anti-Thy-1.2 antibody. Neither the biotinylated antibody alone nor avidin-RA alone was effective in decreasing the responses to mitogens. Moreover, a high anti-DNP PFC response elicited by DNP-KLH-primed BALB/c mouse spleen cells stimulated in vitro with DNP-KLH was mostly abrogated by the pretreatment of the cells with biotinylated anti-MIg antibody and avidin-RA. Again, neither the biotinylated antibody alone nor avidin-RA alone was effective in decreasing the anti-DNP PFC response. This cell-killing method with the use of biotinylated antibody and avidin-RA was applied and evaluated in experimental systems in which the helper action of T cells on B cells was mediated by T cell-replacing factor (TRF) or was performed by the direct interaction of T cells with B cells (cognate interaction). When DNP-KLH-primed splenic B cells, pretreated with biotinylated F(ab')2 fragment of DCF1 male anti-BALB/c-B IgG antibody against acceptor site(s) for TRF followed by treatment with avidin-RA, were stimulated with DNP-OVA in the presence of monoclonal TRF, the anti-DNP PFC response was significantly decreased, whereas the same treated B cells responded well to stimulation with DNP-PPD in the presence of Tbc-primed T cells (cognate interaction). These results indicate that B cells responsible for the cognate interaction and those having TRF acceptor site(s) belong to a distinct subpopulation of B cells, and that the cytocidal action of the noncovalent conjugate of the antibody and RA formed from the biotinylated antibody and avidin-RA via an avidin-biotin complex has immunologic selectivity, eliminating only the latter subset of B cells recognized by the antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Measurement of retinal permeability to sodium fluorescein in vitro.

Fluorescein permeabilities of isolated dog retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid and sensory retina were measured individually. Retina to choroid (outward) permeability of sodium fluorescein was significantly larger than choroid to retina (inward) permeability at RPE-choroid under both open- and short-circuit conditions. Outward permeability was decreased by the addition of 10(-3) M KCN and of 10(-4) M probeneside but was not affected by 10(-6) M ouabain. These drugs decreased transepithelial potential and short-circuit current. No directional difference of fluorescein permeability for sensory retina was found. Active transport of fluorescein across RPE from retina to choroid is suggested. Fluorescein permeability of sensory retina was larger than inward but less than outward permeability of RPE-choroid. The result indicates that the sensory retina acts as a diffusion barrier for sodium fluorescein.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Ricin A-chain conjugated with monoclonal anti-L1210 antibody. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity.

In studies of antitumor antibody-cytotoxic agent conjugates as potential antitumor agents with improved tumor specificity, the toxic subunit A-chain of ricin was conjugated with a monoclonal antibody to a tumor-associated antigen expressed weakly on murine leukemia L1210 cells and strongly on L1210/GZL cells, a guanazole-resistant subline of L1210, employing N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate as cross-linking agent. The conjugate (anti-L1210 conjugate) exhibited a potent concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against cultured L1210/GZL cells, and inhibited cell growth at concentrations over 0.8 micrograms/ml. The conjugate killed all L1210/GZL cells at a concentration of 100 micrograms/ml. Neither nonimmune conjugate similarly prepared from mouse nonimmune IgG nor unconjugated anti-L1210 IgG alone showed cytotoxicity against L1210/GZL cells. When (BALB/c X DBA/2)F1 mice inoculated with 1 X 10(5) L1210/GZL cells were treated with IP injections of 27 micrograms anti-L1210 conjugate 1 h and 5 days after tumor cell inoculation, a life-prolonging effect was observed. [Lifespan in treated animals as percentage of that in controls (T/C) = 146%]. However, when the dose per injection was increased to 50 micrograms per mouse, survival was the same as in the control group. Postmortem examination of mice that had been treated with 50 micrograms anti-L1210 conjugate revealed lesions with necrosis and hemorrhage in the liver parenchyma and the intestinal epithelium, respectively. A similar toxic effect on the host mice was also observed with nonimmune conjugate.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Resistance of H1 histone to proteolytic attack in chromatin from rat-ascites hepatoma.

From rat-liver and ascites-hepatoma chromatins, NaCl-soluble fractions were prepared. The 0.35 M NaCl-soluble fraction from the hepatoma (AH) chromatin contained much non-histone protein of high-molecular weight, compared with the fraction from the rat-liver (RL) chromatin. The 0.35 M NaCl-insoluble, but 2 M NaCl/5 M urea-soluble fraction was composed mainly of 5 classes of histones. These histones were quantitatively not different between AH and RL chromatins. However, H1 histone was rather protease-resistant in AH chromatin, but not in RL chromatin. The proteolytic capacity was also lower in AH chromatin. In addition, in the micrococcal-nuclease digest of AH nuclei, the oligonucleosomes were considerably retained even by long-time digestion, but not in that of RL nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Whole body autoradiography of 5-fluorouracil-6-14C in nude mice bearing murine leukemia cells P388.

Whole body autoradiography of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-6-14C intraperitoneally injected to nude mice bearing murine leukemia cells (P388) indicated that absorption of 5-FU from mesenterium to digestive gland and canals was so quick that liver and stomach as well as duodenum had intensive radioactivity as 10 and 30 min after administration. Lower intestine had less radioactivity than duodenum and it was reduced noticeably as time passed. The activity in the kidney at initial stage was distributed throughout the cortex but it was concentrated to transitional zone between cortex and outer medulla at h stage. Lung had moderate activity throughout this experiment. Muscles and central nervous system had little radioactivity. Bone appeared radioactive to some extent. Interestingly, heart and cross section of blood vessels in liver and kidney had not radioactivity indicating that 5-FU was not retained in circulating system. These results were compared with that of uracil-14C and 5-fluorouracil-2-14C described by others.

Animals↗