PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kitamura

Publications and source records attributed to K Kitamura.

At least 1,693 records · Page 94Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuronal and glial proteins in medulloblastomas. I. Immunohistochemical study.

Neuronal and glial specific proteins were studied in 35 cases of medulloblastomas, using immunohistochemical methods and antibodies to neurofilament triplet proteins (NF68Kd, NF160Kd, NF210Kd), gamma-enolase, GFAP, S-100 protein, and myelin basic protein. NF160Kd positive cells were observed in 12 of the 35 cases. NF160Kd positive cells were noted in 2, but NF210Kd positive cells were not detected. Gamma-enolase positive cells were observed in 23 cases. GFAP and S-100 protein positive cells were seen in 25 and 28 cases respectively; many of these cells were reactive astrocytes. The myelin basic protein positive cells could not be identified. The expression of neuronal and glial proteins had no relation to the postoperative survival of patients with medulloblastoma, but gamma-enolase may be one factor for evaluating prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic factors in colorectal carcinoma: significance of peripheral T lymphocytes.

An analysis was made of a consecutive series of 150 patients with colorectal carcinoma treated in Shinkokura Hospital from 1973 to 1987. The prognostic factors included resection or nonresection, the year of resection, macroscopic type, histologic differentiation, venous and lymphatic invasion, Dukes' stage, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level and peripheral T lymphocyte count. CEA, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were studied clinically and immunohistochemically. Clinical and immunohistochemical data on T lymphocytes were obtainable for 24 patients. Seventeen of the 24 were of more than 1000/mm3 of preoperative peripheral T lymphocytes and consisted of seven dense, six moderate and four slight immunohistochemical types, while the remaining seven were of less than 1000/mm3 of T lymphocytes and comprised one dense, two moderate and four slight ones. One-year survival rates of slight (8), moderate (8) and dense (8) types were 60%, 90% and 94%, respectively, and three-year survivals were 42%, 57%, and 76% (p less than 0.05). We suggest that the immunohistochemical demonstration of T lymphocytes relates to the peripheral T lymphocyte count and is one sign of an early, good prognosis for patient with colorectal carcinoma.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The triad of neurological manifestations in bilateral chronic subdural hematoma and normal pressure hydrocephalus.

A triad of mental changes unsteady gait and urinary incontinence, was seen in normal pressure hydrocephalus and bilateral chronic subdural hematoma. Characteristic mental symptoms in normal pressure hydrocephalus and bilateral chronic subdural hematoma were slowness in mental responses and lack of spontaneity which were thought to be partial akinetic mutism. It is thought that the triad can be developed not only by the periventricular white matter lesion in the cerebrum as proposed in normal pressure hydrocephalus, but also by the infratentorial lesion as speculated from cases with bilateral chronic subdural hematoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Second Louis H. Clerf Lecture. Vestibular neuritis.

Vestibular neuritis is a discrete degenerative neuropathy of the vestibular nerve trunks. The clinical manifestations consist of one or more severe prolonged episodes of vertigo, sometimes in association with milder periodic or constant unsteadiness. The atrophic changes in the vestibular nerves are usually sufficiently severe to create vestibular test abnormalities. The clinical and pathological features are consistent with a viral etiology.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age dependency of cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in rats.

Effects of age on cyclosporin A- (CsA) induced gingival overgrowth were investigated in Fischer rats. Rats 15, 30, 45, and 60 days old were fed a diet containing cyclosporin A (120-200 micrograms/g) for 40 days. Gingival overgrowth was estimated by measuring the gingival sulcus depth with a thin color slide probe under a stereoscopic dissecting microscope. The youngest group (15 days old) of rats developed the most significant gingival overgrowth (buccal sulcus depth of mandibular first molar, CsA-treated rat/untreated rat: 875 +/- 78/275 +/- 25 micron, mean +/- SD, P < 0.001), followed by those in which CsA treatment was initiated at age 30 days (505 +/- 29/267 +/- 56, P < 0.001) and 45 days (400 +/- 45/267 +/- 25, P < 0.001). Significant gingival overgrowth was not induced in rats when CsA treatment had been started at age 60 days (310 +/- 38/292 +/- 18). Average body weight gain of CsA-treated rats during this experiment period was not different from untreated rats of the same age group. These results suggest that CsA-induced gingival overgrowth in rats is age dependent.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superficial spreading type of early gastric lymphomas.

Recent advances in diagnostic techniques have increased the apparent incidence of gastric lymphomas at an early stage. However, the clinical features of the superficial spreading type of early gastric lymphoma are not well-documented. We retrospectively examined the clinicopathologic features of 5 patients with the superficial spreading type of early gastric lymphoma. These tumours were MALTomas which had a characteristically difficult diagnosis and indistinct tumour margins, and a high incidence of lymph node involvement was found. We conclude that satisfactory treatment of this neoplasm requires a wide resection of the stomach with extensive lymph node dissection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of immunological parameters in patients with esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The role of immunosurveillance in the fight against cancer is well known. In addition, cancer patients have been reported to have an impaired immune function. In patients with esophageal cancer, however, the relationship between the immunological parameters of the host and their survival has not yet been evaluated fully. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 103 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy, lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+), the PHA response, and natural killer cell (NK) activity were all assessed in relation to clinicopathological features and the prognostic significance was evaluated using both a univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The CD4+/CD8+ ratio in 58 (56%) patients was higher than the mean of the control, while the PHA response and NK activity in 74 (72%) and 70 (68%) patients, respectively, were lower than 1 SD below the mean of the control. None of these three parameters demonstrated a low value in 5 patients, while 1, 2 and 3 parameters showed a low value in 28, 49 and 21 patients, respectively. The survival rate of the patients with low values in all of three of these parameters was significantly worse than that for the patients in whom the number of low parameters was less than two. A multivariate analysis revealed that tumor invasion and the number of low values in these parameters were independently significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: This survival analysis revealed that low values in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, the PHA response, and the NK activity will help predict a poor prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer.

CD4-CD8 Ratio↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathological analysis of gastric cancer in young adults.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Whether gastric cancer in young patients differs in any way from gastric cancer in older patients has been a controversial issue. This study was designed to determine the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer in young patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinicopathological features of 86 young patients with gastric cancer, defined as 39 years of age or younger, were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records between 1969 and 1993. They were then compared with 1134 middle-aged patients with gastric cancer between 40 and 69 years old. RESULTS: The incidence of gastric cancer in young patients declined from 6.34% of all gastric cancer patients 20 years ago to 4.49% in the most recent decade. The histopathological findings for gastric cancer in young patients were aggressive features, including an undifferentiated type, a scirrhous type, and an infiltrating type (defined as infiltrating growth and an indistinct border from the surrounding tissues). There were no statistical differences in tumor staging and survival between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Gastric cancer in young patients decreased in overall incidence, but possesses aggressive histopathological features different from older patients. Furthermore, the tumor staging and prognosis for young patients was similar to middle-aged patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical outcome of surgical treatment for invasive early colorectal cancer in Japan.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite the high frequency of early colorectal cancer, little is known about the clinicopathologic features of invasive early colorectal cancer for which endoscopic polypectomy is not indicated. We wanted to determine the clinicopathologic features of these early colorectal cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1973 to 1994, a total of 728 patients with colorectal cancer were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records. The clinicopathologic features of the 90 invasive early colorectal cancer patients who underwent major surgeries were compared with those of 626 patients with advanced colorectal cancer. RESULTS: The frequency of early colorectal cancer increased significantly from the periods 1973-1979 to 1990-1994: 0% in the former period and 18.3% in the later period. Minimally invasive surgery was chosen more frequently for the treatment of early colorectal cancers than for the treatment of advanced cancers (p < 0.005). Lymph node metastasis, lymph vessel invasion, and vascular invasion were more prevalent in advanced cancer cases than in early cancer cases (p < 0.005). Lymph node metastasis was found in 7 patients with early colorectal cancer (7.8%). There was no difference in histologic type between the early and advanced colorectal cancers. The 5-year survival rates of early colorectal cancer patients were higher than those of advanced cancer patients: 97.5% in early colon cancer patients; 93.5% in early rectal cancer patients; 59.8% in advanced colon cancer patients; 55.4% in advanced rectal cancer patients. Three early colorectal cancer patients died of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive surgery such as laparoscopic colectomy should be performed on patients with invasive early colorectal cancer when it is impossible for the cancer to be removed by endoscopic polypectomy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of p53 protein in glandular differentiation admixed with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

BACKGROUND: Glandular differentiation in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is occasionally recognized by serial histologic investigations. We previously performed histopathologic investigations of such tumors and suggested the possibility of field carcinogenesis in esophageal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the current study, we performed an immunohistochemistry analysis for p53 protein in such cases to investigate the mode of carcinogenesis from the view point of genetic changes. p53 protein expression in both ordinary squamous cell carcinoma and glandular differentiation of nine cases to demonstrate the coexistence of these components. RESULTS: The expression of p53 in the areas of squamous cell carcinoma was diffusely detected in three and focally in two (five in all, 55.6%) and, in these five cases, p53 was also positive in the areas of glandular differentiation in four cases. On the other hand, the expression of p53 in the glandular components was negative in all four tumors with p53 negative squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The process of carcinogenesis within the tumor was thought to be similar in almost all cases even in the different histopathologic components.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical and histopathological contributing factors influencing the effectiveness of preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy for the patients with esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The effectiveness of hyperthermic treatment combined with irradiation and chemotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer on local response as well as on long-time survival has been reported. In order to investigate the contributing factors influencing the effectiveness of preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy (HCR therapy), this study was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred nineteen patients with esophageal cancer who underwent preoperative HCR therapy followed by esophagectomy were reviewed in this retrospective study. The rate of effectiveness of preoperative HCR therapy was then compared in resected tissue specimens with regard to such factors as age, sex, the location of the tumor, the longitudinal diameter of the esophagogram, the radiographic type of tumor, the histological type and the histological depth of invasion using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the clinical and histopathological factors which had the greatest effect on preoperative HCR therapy were well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma regarding the histological type and tumorous type regarding the radiographic types. CONCLUSION: We thus conclude that preoperative HCR therapy shows great promise for the treatment of patients with esophageal cancer, especially in instances of well differentiated and radiographic tumorous type squamous cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous combination therapy of carboplatin and radiation for patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Carboplatin is a less nephrotoxic analog of cisplatin with a significant effect against a variety of malignancies including carcinoma of the esophagus. Furthermore, the supra-additive effect between carboplatin and radiation has been reported in both clinical and experimental studies. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Seven patients with carcinoma of the esophagus underwent a combined therapy of carboplatin (30 mg/m2, total 1500-2000 mg) and radiation (1.6 Gy/day, five days/week, total 50-70 Gy). RESULTS: Six patients had a complete tumor remission while in the remaining patient a partial response was observed. In five of these six cases, no evidence of recurrence has been recognized at 9-13 months after the treatment. Two patients survived without any evidence of recurrent disease 43 and 57 months after the initiation of the treatment. The major side effects were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, which were grade II to IV but not fatal. However, no significant renal toxicity, gastrointestinal disorders nor liver toxicity were recognized. CONCLUSIONS: These data thus indicate the clinical utility of the combined therapy of radiation and carboplatin for patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathologic features of synchronous multifocal early gastric cancers.

The clinicopathologic features of patients with 47 synchronous multifocal early gastric cancers were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records between 1969 and 1994. These patients were then compared to 587 patients with solitary early gastric cancers. Accessory lesions were missed preoperatively in 15 of the 47 patients with multifocal early gastric cancers. Multifocal early gastric cancer was significantly more common in slightly older patients (multifocal versus single: 65.19 +/- 10.65 years versus 59.22 +/- 11.7 years (p = 0.004). Elevated lesions and the intestinal type of cancer were found more frequently in multifocal early gastric cancers than in solitary cancers (p < 0.005). The tumor location was higher in multiple early gastric cancers than in solitary cancers (p < 0.05). The postoperative survival did not differ between the two groups. We conclude that when planning the surgical treatment of early gastric cancers in the elderly, the whole stomach should be evaluated before and during the operation, and after the resected stomach examined.

Age Distribution↗