PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Knörr

Publications and source records attributed to K Knörr.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Drugs in pregnancy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1983

[Prenatal and perinatal virus infections from gynecologic and obstetrical viewpoints].

Virus infections in pregnancy cause a varying risk of embryopathy or fetopathy according to the type of causative virus. The spectrum encompasses the high prenatal risk of rubella or cytomegaly and perinatally, also hepatitis B to the low or absent risk of mumps, measles, or hepatitis A. If all preventive and diagnostic measures are observed prenatal rubella infection can today be prevented. All women in the reproductive age group require testing of the rubella titre or rubella immunization. Cytomegaly in pregnancy can neither be diagnosed nor prevented. This is very unfortunate since the incidence of prenatal or perinatal damage to the fetus by cytomegaly is estimated to be 1:1000 births. More attention needs to be payed to herpes simplex type II infections during pregnancy because of its increasing frequency especially in young promiscuous mothers and because of the improved diagnosis by vaginal cytology and the improved treatment by new antiviral agents. Whereas hepatitis A poses no risk to the fetus, there is a risk of infection of the infant in cases of hepatitis B especially when the mother is perinatally HBsAg and HBeAg positive. In these cases the newborn requires preventive treatment with hepatitis B specific hyperimmunoglobulin. In HBsAg-positive mothers without e-Antigen hyperimmunoglobulin treatment of the newborn is also recommended as prophylaxis. This prophylaxis reduces the infection rate of the newborn, prevents serious manifestations of infection and prevents persistence of the virus. Prevention of infection of the newborn has recently been further improved by concomitant active immunization for hepatitis B. Isolation techniques and special considerations for the conduct of labour in HBsAg-positive mothers are mentioned.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Chickenpox↗
PubMed1980

[Caesarean section with splenectomy in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (author's transl)].

We report a patient who had a marked exacerbation of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura at 33 weeks of pregnancy. The platelet count rose in response to treatment with high doses of glucocorticoids and it was possible to allow the pregnancy to continue until 39 weeks. The patient was then delivered by elective Caesarean section and she had a splenectomy at the same time. A transfusion of platelets was administered as soon as the splenic vessels had been clamped. The resultant excess of platelets necessitated treatment with acetylsalicylic acid. At 18 months after Caesarean section and splenectomy the thrombocytopenia had not recurred. The infant had transient neonatal thrombocytopenia but required no active treatment for this.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of tobacco and alcohol on pregnancy course and child development].

Smoking during pregnancy may cause small-for-date babies, severeness and frequency depending on the number of cigarettes per day. Regular and heavy smoking appearently increases perinatal mortality. A similar correlation and additionally an increased rate of newborns with major abnormalities was observed when the father regularly smoked 10 and more cigarettes per day, even then when the mother was a non-smoker. The mechanism involved is unclear. Based upon present information one may favour the view that smoking of the father impairs spermiogenesis rather than "passive" smoking of the mother. Regular intake of liquor by the mother is well correlated with a shortened duration of pregnancy--that means an increased rate of abortion and prematurity. The consequences and responsibilities in the frame of family planning and prenatal care are discussed. The results referred to were attained mainly by a prospective study "Course of pregnancy and child development" supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft).

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

[Detection of genetic defects by amniocentesis in early pregnancy (author's transl)].

In the view of the obstetrician the development of prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases is the consequent continuation of preventive measures for mother and child during prenatal care. In vitro cultivation of fetal cells after amniocentesis in the beginning second trimester enabled the use of those cells for cytogenetic and biochemical analyses. In doing so, chromosomal anomalies, an increasing number of inborn metabolic diseases and open neural tube defects can be detected or excluded in early pregnancy. We are today in a position to encourage carrier families suffering from hereditary defects to have children in cases which have so far been dissuaded from pregnancy. Due to the fact that in approximately 95% of the cases an inborn anomaly can be excluded prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects has got a positive effect on the ongoing pregnancy and over all family planning. Based on our studies of 1000 amniocenteses indications, risks and results are being presented. The diagnostic possibilities of the fetoscopy are being discussed in the light of the first own experiences.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1976

[Prenatal diagnosis of globoid-cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe's disease) (author's transl)].

Amniocentesis in the 17th week of pregnancy in a 23-year-old woman who had previously lost a child with enzymatically proven Krabbe's disease revealed normal activity in cell-free amniotic fluid. But in two amniotic cell cultures a 25% defect of cerebroside-beta-galactosidase was found. The prenatal diagnosis of Krabbe's disease was subsequently confirmed after abortion of the fetus by enzymatic and morphological examination (globoid cells in the spinal-cord sections).

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

[Gynecological aspects of prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies (author's transl)].

In the light of our own observations, the technique of amniotic fluid puncture in early pregnancy is described, the risk of the procedure to the mother and child is set forth and further responsibilities are explained. Two indication groups predominate: pregnant women of older maternity age and women who have already given birth to a child presenting Down's syndrome. As can be derived from the figures, all gynecologists nowadays must include the possibilities of prenatal recognition of congenital anomalies in family planning and maternity care. An anomaly can be excluded in about 95% of potential genetic risk pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Oocytes from polycystic human ovaries (author's transl)].

Little is known whether oocytes of polycystic ovaries, espacially those of the Stein-Leventhal-syndrome, are able to perform complete maturation. Therefore the maturation capacity of ova derived from biopsies of two patients with polycystic ovaries was investigated using the culture technique with subsequent meiotic preparations. A remarkably high number of 42 and 54 oocytes have been found. The degeneration rates were 76.20% in the polycystic and 85.20% in the Stein-Leventhal-ovaries. The degenerative changes mainly appeared as shrinkage of the ooplasm and partial or total loss of corona cells. 14.28 and 7.40% resp. showed no or incomplete maturation, whether ova remained in dictyotene stage or were found arrested shortly after resuming meiosis. Four oocytes from each of the two patients underwent normal meiosis. A biovular follicle, observed in the Stein-Leventhal-ovary, is particularly mentioned. It may be concluded, that the majority of the oocytes of polycystic ovaries is degenerate, but there are a few ova able to mature in vitro.

Culture Media↗