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K Koehler

Publications and source records attributed to K Koehler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The prosome: an ubiquitous morphologically distinct RNP particle associated with repressed mRNPs and containing specific ScRNA and a characteristic set of proteins.

A novel ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particle showing a highly compact and characteristic structure in the electron microscope was found associated with globin and other repressed mRNA in the cytoplasm of duck, mouse and HeLa cells. This 19S complex is of extraordinary stability: dissociated by 0.5 M KCl or EDTA from the (still repressed) core globin mRNP, it can be purified on gradients containing 1% Sarkosyl, and resists (unfixed) caesium sulphate-dimethylsulphoxide density centrifugation. Its density of 1.31 g/cm3 indicates an RNP complex with a 15% RNA component. In mouse and duck it contains approximately 10 proteins in the 20 000-30 000 mol. wt. range, a few components of 50 000-70 000 mol. wt., and two specific small cytoplasmic RNAs (ScRNA) of 70-90 nucleotides. Both of these RNAs have identical 3'-terminal oligonucleotides. We propose the name 'prosome' for this ScRNP particle which somehow participates in negative control of mRNA translation, and we believe will prove to be ubiquitous to animal species.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Is there still a soul? Thomas Aquinas and modern psychiatry].

The various solutions that have been proposed with respect to the body-mind problem can be more or less regarded as variations on three traditional models. Since the time of Descartes the philosophical position of hylomorphism has been almost forgotten and the influence of the dualist point of view has also been greatly reduced. In contrast, reductionism in the form of materialistic monism has gained immense popularity, especially in psychiatric circles. The present paper summarizes these different approaches but primarily focuses on certain aspects of a modified form of hylomorphism as developed by Thomas Aquinas. These latter considerations are then drawn upon as the basis for a critique of Kurt Schneiders so-called aristotelean-scholastic or metagenic interpretation with regard to the endogenous psychoses.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Prognostic prediction in RDC schizo-affective disorder on the basis of first-rank symptoms weighted in terms of outcome.

Most recent research has failed to demonstrate that first-rank symptoms (FRS), globally or individually, have any ability to predict outcome. yet, some findings have suggested that misidentification of person (Personenverkennung) and/or thought insertion and/or made impulses on the one hand, and voices commenting on the other, might be associated with a good and a poor prognosis, respectively, in schizophrenia. In the present study, FRS, weighted with respect to prognosis on the basis of this hypothesis, were used to arbitrarily set up subsamples of RDC schizo-affective disorders in terms of several predicted outcome categories. However, no differences came to light between various RDC schizo-affective groupings defined in this way with respect to total outcome mean scores. In contrast, however, a significant difference on this prognostic measure was found when RDC schizo-affective probands with any type of FRS were compared with those lacking FRS, the latter group having the lower or better outcome score.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1983

First rank symptoms as predictors of ECT response in schizophrenia.

First rank symptoms (FRS) in association with affective features predict improvement on ECT. When affectivity was disregarded in 142 schizophrenic probands given ECT and the relationship between FRS alone and ECT response examined, those without FRS had a significantly better ECT outcome score than those with FRS. In various schizophrenic sub-samples, defined in terms of hypothesized predictive abilities of different sets of FRS, no differences came to light.

Electroconvulsive Therapy↗
PubMed1983

[How stable are borderline diagnoses?].

Borderline diagnostic terms are still being routinely and rather unreliably made in many centers. In the present sample of probands with various borderline states other diagnoses from the entire spectrum of psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia, were also found. Thus, in those cases with multiple admissions, a borderline diagnosis demonstrated only little stability over time. There was a strong tendency for borderline cases towards a diagnosis of schizophrenia and vice versa. Indeed, probands, with both borderline and schizophrenic diagnoses had no clear-cut course characteristics. It is suggested that the criteria of DSM-III for borderline personality disturbance be provisionally used for research purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnostic criteria for borderline schizophrenia on the basis of the SSDBS (symptom schedule for the diagnosis of borderline schizophrenia). A comparison between borderline syndrome, schizophrenias and affective diseases].

In the present study the SSDBS, a reliable instrument for detecting borderline schizophrenia developed by Khouri and co-workers (1980), was used to determine the number of probands with this diagnosis in an index sample composed of heterogeneous borderline syndromes as well as in schizophrenic, manic and depressive control groups. On this basis, significant differences between borderlines, on the one hand, and those with mania and depression, on the other, came to light--even after controlling for Schneider's first rank symptoms-, whereas none occurred between borderline patients and probands with schizophrenia. The research problem of SSDBS-symptom overlap with the symptomatology found in the schizophrenics of the present investigation as well as the possibility that other borderline concepts not based on the SSDBS might overlap more with morbid affectivity was then discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Kurt Schneider's concept of cyclothymic mania in the light of a research-oriented catatonic syndrome].

Catatonic motor signs were specifically sought out in the case records of 89 episodes of Schneider-oriented mania. Only some so-called "minor" catatonic motor phenomena were found and "major" catatonic motor disturbances, recently reported to frequently occur in some American samples of mania, were completely absent. Indeed, the only motor abnormalities seen in Schneider-oriented mania appeared to be of a kind and degree typically associated with Kraepelins "hypomania". These findings are then primarily discussed in historical perspective and their relationships to some important modern research trends also highlighted.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Research diagnosable "schizo-affective" disorder in Schneiderian "first rank" schizophrenia.

Recently, provisional research criteria for "schizo-affective" and related psychoses were published by the St. Louis Group. These rigorous criteria were modified and expanded for purposes of the present study in order to analyze the case records of 83 first admissions of Schneider-positive schizophrenics, that is, those with first rank symptoms, hospitalized in a strongly Schneider-oriented German University Clinic during the period 1962-1971. Research diagnosable "schizo-affective" disorder was thus found in 27.7% (23 cases) of these patients; 12 of the 23 satisfied "full" affective research criteria for depression or mania, whereas 11 fulfilled "adjusted" affective criteria geared to cover more "labile" mixed mood states. Moreover, 48.2% (40 cases) and 25.3% (21 cases) of the sample were research-positive for "schizophreniform" illness and "atypical schizophrenia" respectively. Findings such as these suggest that "first rank" schizophrenia, as routinely diagnosed in Germany, may not be all that homogeneous a clinical entity.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1979

First rank symptoms of schizophrenia: questions concerning clinical boundaries.

The phenomenological criteria of prominent Anglo-American researchers on certain so-called passivity experiences, sense deceptions and delusional phenomena, reflecting their interpretations of Kurt Schneider's first rank symptoms of schizophrenia, are examined. In this way the frequent discrepancies and difficulties in deliminiting the clinical boundaries of these phenomena more clearly come to light.

Delusions↗
PubMed1979

The mimicking of mania in "benign" herpes simplex encephalitis.

This paper reports on a relative rarity, the case of a 41-year-old male who, after receiving an original admission diagnosis of clear-cut acute mania, actually turned out to be suffering from herpes simplex encephalitis. Interestingly enough, his illness was unusually "benign" in the sense that at no time during massive cycling bipolar mood disturbances did any clinically apparent neurological signs and symptoms or other serious somatic complications or any psychopathology pointing to an acute organic brain syndrome appear. Karl Bonhoeffer's often forgotten but still relevant clinical insights on acute organic psychoses are then discussed in the light of recent research attempting to link manic states and infectious illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Kraepelin-oriented research-diagnosable schizophrenia, mania, and depression in Schneider-negative schizophrenics.

The rigorous neo-Kraepelinean research criteria of the St. Louis/Iowa and Taylor groups were applied to case record data of 116 first admissions of Schneider-negative schizophrenics--that is, those without first-rank symptoms (FRSs)--hospitalized in a strongly Schneider-oriented German University Psychiatric Clinic from 1962 to 1971. This sample had a total of 45.7% (53 cases) of psychiatric illness diagnosable by research methods. Indeed, only 31% (36 cases) of Schneider-negative schizophrenics turned out to have research-positive Kraepelin-oriented schizophrenia; and of these, 21 fulfilled both sets of research criteria for schizophrenia. It is important that 14.6% (17 cases) of Schneider-negative schizophrenia consisted of research-diagnosable affective disorder, with mania making up 5.2% and depression 9.4% of this figure. The findings suggest that a sample of Schneider-oriented schizophrenia without FRSs as routinely diagnosed in Germany does not seem to represent a clear-cut homogeneous and 'uncontaminated' group of schizophrenics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Acute confabulatory psychosis: a rare form of unipolar mania?

Emil Kraepelin's paper on false memories (Erinnerungsfälschungen) was probably the most extensive and incisive analysis of these phenomena ever made. Using his views as a starting point, the concept of confabulation is then defined in a Kraepelin-oriented manner, making it also applicable to the phantastic false memories found in some rarer forms of functional psychotic illness. Kraepelin and Leonhard have been preeminent in their concern with such clinical states; thus, Leonhard's confabulatory euphoria and confabulatory paraphrenia can be symptomatically and syndromally linked up with points of view on paranoid mania and confabulatory paraphrenia held by Kraepelin. An "ideally typical" case is also presented to highlight some of the difficulties involved in trying to distinguish mania from schizophrenia when the clinical picture is dominated by phantastic "functional" confabulations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Schneider-negative schizophrenia and schizo-affective illness.

A slightly modified version of provisional research criteria for so-called 'schizo-affective and related psychosis', as recently published by the St. Louis Group, was used to investigate the case records of 116 Schneider-oriented first admissions of schizophrenics without first rank symptoms (Schneider-negative) who were hospitalized in a German center during the years 1962-1971. The sample contained 19.8% (23 cases) of research diagnosable schizo-affective illness as thus defined. 'Full' affective research criteria were satisfied by 13 of these schizo-affectives, and 10 were able to fulfill the 'adjusted' affective criteria assumed to be indicative of labile mixed mood states. The sample was then further analyzed in terms of 'schizophreniform' psychoses and 'atypical schizophrenia'. The findings seem to support the view that a non-negligible segment (23.3%) of Schneider-negative schizophrenia actually may represent either research diagnosable schizo-affective or affective disorders or satisfy criteria for both diagnoses.

Diagnosis, Differential↗