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Biomedical subjects

K Koppenhagen

Publications and source records attributed to K Koppenhagen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Prevention of postoperative thrombotic complications with heparin and dihydroergotamine. A randomized double-blind study].

In a randomized double-blind study of 660 patients with predominantly abdominal-surgical procedures the thrombosis-preventing effect of the following was compared: heparin 5000 (low-dose heparin), heparin 2500, a combination of heparin 2500 and 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine (HDHE 2500), 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine (DHE), and placebo. All preparations were administered three times daily. Radiofibrinogen test gave the following thrombosis incidence: heparin 5000-15.4%; heparin 2500-24%; HDHE 2500-13.2%; DHE-24.6%; placebo-28.9%. Bleeding complications, included postoperative blood loss (more than 500 ml), unusually marked bleeding from drains, seroma, wound haematoma, and re-operation. The rate of these complications was 18.5% with heparin 5000, 7.8% with placebo, 5.6% with DHE, 4% with heparin 2500 and 3.1% with HDHE 2500. The non-specific tolerance to the various preparations was good, especially in that there was no increased risk of coronary complications with HDHE or DHE, and there was no pointer to peripheral vasospasms. This study confirms the synergistic thrombosis-preventing effect of combined heparin-dihydroergotamine.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

99mTc-phosphonates for imaging of amyloid in C-cell carcinoma.

A patient with recurrent C-cell carcinoma of the thyroid is presented. Tumor masses and metastatic lymph nodes were detected by 99mTc-DPD on a preoperative bone scan. In contrast to other causes of extraosseous accumulation of bone-seeking phosphonates, the high affinity of amyloid is the main factor in the case of C-cell carcinoma. Because amyloid is the typical histochemical sign of the carcinoma type, imaging with phosphonates is expected to be another specific diagnostic procedure in addition to calcitonin measurements. The role of other markers in thyroid carcinomas is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR5 associated thyrotoxicosis--two different types of toxic diffuse goiter.

One hundred fifty patients with toxic and scintigraphically diffuse goiter were HLA typed (A, B, C, DR). One group consisted of 101 patients with concomitant Graves' ophthalmopathy and/or TSH-binding inhibiting antibodies (TBIAb). Forty nine patients had neither ophthalmopathy nor TBIAb. The former group showed a higher prevalence of HLA-B8 and DR3 compared to a normal control group. The latter group showed a higher frequency of HLA-DR5, whereas the HLA-B8 and DR3 antigens were slightly below normal prevalence. These data indicate an immunogenetic heterogeneity in patients with toxic diffuse goiter. A group of 47 hyperthyroid patients with single autonomous thyroid adenoma had no increased prevalence of any HLA-antigens. Patients with long term remission did not show an altered prevalence of any of the HLA antigens compared to controls. In contrast, patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy and/or TBIAb activity who relapsed had a significantly higher prevalence of HLA-B8 DR3, whereas patients without TBIAb and eye signs who relapsed had a significantly higher prevalence of HLA-DR5 than the control group.

Graves Disease↗
PubMed1981

Hemodynamic response to graded water immersion.

Hemodynamic response to graded immersion was studied in healthy male subjects in a thermoneutral bath in the sitting position. Pressures in the right heart and cardiac output were determined by means of a semifloating catheter with a thermistor probe. Pressures in the right atrium, pulmonary artery and in pulmonary wedge position increased with increasing depth of immersion, cardiac output was likewise augmented. Heart rate decreased from rest to hip immersion but remained constant from hip to head out water immersion. Plasma norepinephrine concentration remained constant throughout the experiment. The reported changes depend on the blood shift from capacitance vessels into the thoracic cavity. From this, preload increased and cardiac performance was improved. However, in patients with disturbed left ventricular function, immersion to the neck may be potentially hazardous due to augmented left ventricular filling pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of pentoxifylline on liver perfusion: a comparative study in patients with liver diseases and in normal subjects, using 198Au-colloid-scintigraphy (author's transl)].

Using 198Au-colloid scintigraphy (Anger camera computer-system, 0.3-0.5 mCi radionuclide i.v.) the pattern of liver blood flow, i.e. liver perfusion volume per minute (LPVM), was monitored in 7 patients with liver metastasis (I), 8 patients each with chronic hepatitis (II) and liver cirrhosis (III) and in 10 healthy control subjects (IV). Reading were compared on a within patient basis for the following treatments: baseline control, after a single i.v. injection of 10 ml Trental (= 200 mg pentoxifylline) and after 10 ml physiological saline solution (= placebo). The alteration of LPVM ranged between +0.6 and -3.2% for the comparison baseline/placebo, between +9.7 and +40.8% for baseline/Trental and between +11.5 and +45.4% for placebo/Trental administration. The increase of the elimination constant was statistically significant for all groups and the augmentation of the LPVM for group II, III and IV.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of dihydroergotamine on pulmonary perfusion in acceleration stress (author's transl)].

An orthostatic circulatory load of varying degree (1-4 G) can be simulated by means of a human centrifuge. This results in a partial shifting of the intrathoracic blood volume into the capacity vessels of the lower extremity. In the pulmonary region, this is associated with a decrease in perfusion from the apical to the basal segments, which can be demonstrated by double nuclide perfusion scintigraphy. The degree of change in pulmonary perfusion was determined quantitatively in 26 volunteers by perfusion scintigraphy before and during acceleration, and the influence of dihydroergotamine (Dihydergot) was studied. The results show that the redistribution of the polmonary blood volume into the lower parts of the body can be largely prevented by Dihydergot. Pulmonary perfusion remains almost unchanged, compared with the initial value, up to an acceleration stress of 3 G, following intravenous injection of 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine. After oral administration (6 mg/d over 12 days), this applies to 1 and 2 G. Hence, dihydroergotamine represents, so to say, a "pharmacological anti-G suit".

Acceleration↗
PubMed1977

[Prevention of postoperative thrombo-embolism by heparin/dihydroergotamine (author's transl].

Using the radiofibrinogen test and perfusion lung scanning (2-phase pharmacoscintigraphy), the incidence of postoperative thrombosis and pulmonary embolism was determined in a group of 362 operated patients. Low-dose heparin administration (twice 5000 IU daily) was given to 162, combined heparin and dihydroergotamine administration (5000 IU heparin and 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine daily) to 150, while 50 patients received no prophylactic treatment. There was a significant decrease in thrombo-embolism in the heparin/DHE group (8.7% deep-vein thrombosis; 2.7% pulmonary embolism) compared with the heparin group (19.8% and 5.5%, respectively) and the control group (30% and 14%, respectively).

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Measurement of cerebral blood flow following intravenous administration of pentoxifyline ('Trentral').

Using 99mTc cerebral scintigraphy and a gamma camera/computer system, the pattern of cerebral blood flow in 5 brain areas was monitored in 30 geriatric patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Readings were compared on a within-patient basis for the following treatments: initial control (I), intravenous administration of 10 ml physiological saline solution (II), and intravenous administration of 10 ml (200 mg) pentoxifylline (III). By comparsion with treatment I and II, pentoxifylline produced significant increases in cerebral blood flow. It is suggested that this increase in perfusion is possibly due to an improvement in the flow properties of blood.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Radiation response and radiation effects in salivary glands (author's transl)].

Using nuclear medical techniques, especially that of functional scintigraphy with the gamma camera after injection of 99mTc-pertechnetate, it is possible to objectify dose-dependent radiation effects on the salivary glands: Radiation doses from 500 to 1200 rd lead to a temporary reduction of the capacity to accumulate the 99mTc-pertechnetate. This functional restriction is reversible. With radiation doses of more than 2000 rd there appear irreversible functional disorders being proportional to dosage. Focal doses of about 6000 rd produce a complete loss of the capacity for 99mTc accumulation of the salivary glands. The chronological course of radiation response is characterized by a) an activation of the radionuclide accumulation following ca. 3000 rd in about three weeks, b) a following decrease of the capacity for accumulation of 99mTc, c) a renewed activation after the end of irradiation, and d)the progressive and irreversible loss of function of the salivary glands.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[The diagnostic value of radiological, nuclear medicine and biochemical methods for detection of bone metastases in carcinoma of the prostate (author's transl)].

785 combined diagnostic procedures are reported which were carried out on 353 patients with microscopically proven carcinoma of the prostate in order to detect metastases. X-ray films of the thorax, spine and pelvis were taken. Also bone-scintigraphy was done with 87MSr or 99MTc-polyphosphate. Additionally the alcaline, acid and prostate phosphatases were determined. A diagnostic coincidence between radiological results and bone-scan was found in 95.1% of cases. The bone-scan was false negative in 3.7%. Only in 1.2% metastases were detected earlier by the bone-scan than by x-ray examinations. Referring to the number of studies identical results were found. In roentgenologically detected metastases an increased serum level of the alcaline phosphatase was found in 61%, of the acid phosphatase in 31% and of the prostate-phosphatase in 25%.

Acid Phosphatase↗