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Biomedical subjects

K Kostić

Publications and source records attributed to K Kostić.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Dynamic scintigraphy of gastric emptying in non-insulin dependent diabetics with autonomic neuropathy].

To ascertain whether gastric emptying of solids is affected by visceral autonomic neuropathy, 30 noninsulin-dependent diabetics (10 with autonomic neuropathy, 10 with peripheral and 10 without neuropathy) and 10 control subjects were studied. Subjects were screened by clonidine test and two parasympathetic tests of cardiovascular reflexes to identify the presence of autonomic neuropathy. The peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed by classic neurological examination and EMG. Delayed gastric emptying was assessed by dynamic scintigraphy, using 99mTc labeled ham and eggs. The gastric emptying of solids was markedly delayed in diabetics, particularly in diabetics with poor metabolic control (p < 0.01) and those with autonomic and peripheral diabetic neuropathy (p < 0.05). The results of our study suggest that dynamic scintigraphy may be a more sensitive method than other tests for autonomic dysfunction of the gut in diabetics with the early manifestation of diabetic gastroparesis.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1995

[Gallbladder motor function studied by modified infusion cholescintigraphy method after gastric and duodenal surgery].

Estimation of the gallbladder (GB) motility disorders after gastric surgery has not yet been assessed because of the shortage of the reliable diagnostic methods. The aim of the study is introduction, modification and establishment of the infusion cholescintigraphy into clinical practice and its performance in the groups of patients with gastric resection (RVBI i RVBII), total gastrectomy and patients after gastroplasty. Obtained data produced information about motility disorders caused by billateral truncal vagotomy, lack of the food transit through duodenum and if the motility disorders are the same in different time periods after operation. In groups of patients without truncal vagotomy (RVBI and RVBII), minor motility disorders are registered in comparison to the groups after truncal vagotomy. In the period of 6 months after surgery, higher motility disorders are registered in the group of patients with total gastrectomy, while after 9-12 months GB motility completely recovers. Groups with preserved transit of food through duodenum (RVBI and gastroplasty), has minor motility disorders in comparison to the group without transit of food through duodenum (RVBII and total gastrectomy). By introducing infusion cholescintigraphy, reliable method for the GB motility assessment is obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Quantitative analysis of gallbladder function using quantitative dynamic radionuclide cholecystography].

The aim of the study is to demonstrate general function of the cholecyst through selected quantitative parameters derived from the quantitative radionuclide cholecystography method, using our own computer software HIDATA, and to evaluate values of specific quantitative parameters in 15 patients presenting with chronic calculous and 15 with chronic acalculous cholecystitis. A control group comprised 10 subjects with no changes on the cholecyst. Of four quantitative parameters calculated during cholecyst filling, the only significant one was the ascending segment slope of the curve from specific ROI, that is, K1 derived from it, because it shows its functional status, depending on the changes in its wall and the lumen content. The most significant parameters which maintain motor function of the cholecyst are ejection fraction (EF) and ejection rate (ER) which are always decreased in chronic cholecystitis, regardless of the presence of calculosis and the number of calculi in the lumen. The ejection fraction is especially decreased in the multiple sclerosis group; it is significantly decreased when compared with acalculous chronic cholecystitis. Our results indicate that a selection of parameters used in clinical practice for the assessment of the cholecyst function is necessary. Our program HIDATA included a large number of parameters of which three were classified as important for the assessment of the cholecyst function (K1, EF, ER), reflecting the process of filling and emptying of the cholecyst and offering reliable and valuable data for the treatment.

Cholecystitis↗
PubMed1993

The role of biphasic scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO leukocytes in detection of synthetic vascular graft infections--preliminary results.

The study presents preliminary results and suggests the role of scintigraphy of synthetic vascular prosthesis by 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leukocytes for detection of graft infections. Analysis of the results obtained revealed true positive in 6, true negative in 3 and suspicious findings in 3 patients (in one of them the suspicious was confirmed on reoperation). False positive and false negative results were not obtained. Early and accurate diagnosis of occult infection of the synthetic vascular graft is of utmost importance for the prompt starting of the therapy. Due to its high sensitivity and specificity, 99mTc-HMPAO-leukocytes scintigraphy is a very useful method for the detection of graft infections.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMed1993

Estimation of the gallbladder motility after meal stimulation in the postgastrectomy patients by infusion cholescintigraphy.

The aim of this study is the assessment of the gallbladder (GB) motility in the controls without (C) and with (Cs) test-meal stimulation, as well as in the patients early (EPG) and late (LPG) after total gastrectomy. Data were collected with ROTA scintillation camera, during (3 h, 10 ml/h) infusion of 150 MBq, 0.25 mg/ml 99mTc-EHIDA, preceded by a loading dose (0.5 mg/ml, 50 MBq). While in EPG, GB motility is impaired, it achieves physiological values in LPG patients, which can be attributed to establishment of corresponding hormonal mechanisms, in the late postoperative period.

Eating↗
PubMed1992

Labelling of leukocytes with 99mTc-HMPAO for scintigraphy of inflammatory lesions and abscesses.

A simplified and efficient procedure for 99mTc-HMPAO-labelling of leukocytes is described. For this purpose, the pH and concentration of the 99mTc-HMPAO preparation was modified. Leukocytes were isolated from a 20 mL mixture of patient blood, 5 mL ACD and 0.8 mL methylcellulose after 1 h sedimentation of erythrocytes and centrifugation (at 400 g) of the obtained plasma layer. Simultaneously, 99mTc-HMPAO was prepared (one single-dose kit for two patients) by adding 2.2 mL 99mTc-generator eluate and, after 10 min, 0.3 mL of phosphate buffer to lower the pH to 7. The isolated WBCs were then labelled by the addition of 1-1.2 mL of 99mTc-HMPAO solution and incubated for 20 min. The unbound tracer was then discarded, the labelled WBC washed and finally resuspended in autologous cell-free plasma. Leukocytes labelled by this procedure were used for scintigraphic localization of inflammatory lesions and abscesses in the gastro-intestinal tract. The labelling efficiency was 60 +/- 9%, with a separation yield of 55 +/- 11%.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

Chemical and biological properties of 2,6-diisopropyl IDA labelled with 99mTc.

A procedure is described for the synthesis of 2,6-diisopropyl IDA (DISIDA) and for preparation of the radiopharmaceutical by "instant technique". The chemical parameters affecting the formation of the Sn(II)-DISIDA complex were also determined. Biological studies involved lyophylic measurements, determination of binding constants as well as rate of binding to proteins and biodistribution. Clinical investigation demonstrated good hepatobiliary features of this radiopharmaceutical.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Studies of the chemical and biological properties of the liver-imaging agent 99mTc-phytate.

The correlation between chemical formulation and biodistribution of 99mTc-phytate solutions was examined. On the basis of radiochemical analyses and biological experiments, the following optimum parameters were found: weight ratio of the anhydrous sodium phytate to SnCl2 18:1; concentration of phytate 5-6 g/l, pH of the injection solution 6-7. Maximum uptakes in rat organs were in the liver 95.8 +/- 3.26 at 15-20 min p.i., and in the spleen 3.98 +/- 0.79% 3 hours p.i. Two new methods for radiochemical analysis enabling the separation of three peaks were used: ITLC-SG Gelman chromatography and molecular sieving through Sephadex G-25. The bench-life of the injection solution was also checked during a 5-h period, as well as its shelf-life which was at least 6 months. Clinical examinations showed excellent visualization of the normal liver with discrete radiocolloid uptake in the spleen and no uptake in other tissues. With SPECT a more precise and clear localization of liver lesions was achieved especially due to the low uptake of 99mTc-phytate in the spleen.

Animals↗