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Biomedical subjects

K Kusama

Publications and source records attributed to K Kusama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Histopathological reactions of calcium phosphate cement.

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) consisting of Ca4 (PO4)2O and CaHPO4 (2H2O) was recently developed. This study evaluated in vivo aspects of CPC and CPC mixtures compared to those of commercial hydroxyapatite (HP) and several endodontic materials: Grossman's cement (GC), calcium hydroxide-iodine paste (CHP) and gutta-percha plate (GP). Biocompatibility of subcutaneous implants in Donryu rats was evaluated after one month. Results showed very slight inflammatory reactions from CPC, CPC mixtures and HP. The materials were surrounded by thin fibrous connective tissues with a small number of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Severe inflammatory reactions were provoked by GC. Granulation tissues induced by CHP resembled those of pseudoxanthomatous granuloma. The GP material was encapsulated by relatively thick fibrous connective tissues with little inflammatory reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Unusual pancreatic tumor resembling solid and cystic tumor, with somatostatin production and aberrant crystalloid structures.

An unusual pancreatic tumor in a middle-aged man is reported. The tumor was a large encapsulated mass with necrosis and hemorrhage, and microscopically, it showed a predominant microcystic pattern with solid pattern areas. The clinical and histological features of this tumor were similar to those of solid and cystic tumor. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor was positive for alpha 1-AT, NSE, CA 19-9 and somatostatin. Electron microscopy studies showed neurosecretory granules, intercellular junctions, annulate lamellae and aberrant crystalloid structures. These findings indicated that the tumor had differentiated into acinar, ductal and endocrine cells, suggesting that solid and cystic tumor originates from multipotential immature cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Adult T cell leukemia derived factor (ADF) in oral epithelial lesions.

To examine the distribution of adult T cell leukemia derived factor (ADF) in oral epithelial lesions, an immunohistochemical method using a polyclonal antibody against ADF C-terminal peptide was applied to formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues. All cases of periodontitis, epithelial hyperplasia, epithelial dysplasia and leukoplakia examined stained positively for ADF. Immunoreactive products were localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of spinous and parakeratotic layers, but not in basal and keratinous layers. In addition, five out of nine papillomas stained positively for ADF, especially in koilocytotic cells. Eight out of 13 squamous cell carcinomas stained positively. Furthermore, ADF positive areas in oral epithelial lesions were included in the areas for protein bound SH-groups. Our results suggested that ADF may be a factor involved in the differentiation and proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium of the oral cavity.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1991

Tumor markers in human renal cell carcinoma.

Localization of tumor markers in human renal cell carcinomas (RCC) was studied by an immunohistochemical method using 12 different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognizing carbohydrate antigens, and 2 polyclonal antibodies against S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), respectively. 115D8, DF3 and the MAb to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) reacted with 9 of 13 (115D8), 6 of 13 (DF3) and 5 of 12 (MAb to EMA) cases of RCC, respectively. S-100 protein was also found in 10 of 13 cases of RCC. Further immunohistochemical studies showed that tumor cells of all 13 RCCs were strongly positive for NSE. Serum NSE levels of patients with RCC were examined by radioimmunoassay. This examination revealed that increased levels of NSE were detected in 11 of 17 sera of patients with RCC. Positive rates for patients in stages II, III and IV were 100% (10/10). On the other hand, increased levels of CA15-3 were detected in only 2 of 17 sera by enzyme immunoassay. Our results indicate that NSE may be a useful marker for human RCC, especially for those tumors that have broken through the renal capsule.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Antitumor activity by long-term administration of low-dose etoposide].

Antitumor activity by long term administration of low dose etoposide (ETP) was investigated in mice. In a spontaneous metastasis system, intraperitoneal consecutive administration of ETP at 2 mg/kg/day inhibited the number of metastatic nodules of Lewis lung carcinoma in the lung and showed a greater activity than 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) at the dose of 5 mg/kg/day. Alternative administration of ETP and 5-FU also exhibited the anti-metastatic activity, but mean survival time of mice was similar in all of these groups. Mean survival time of ETP-treated mice was prolonged when administration interval was shortened. Also in an artificial metastasis system, ETP inhibited metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in the lung. ETP showed antitumor activity against Colon adenocarcinoma 38 as 5-FU, when drugs were administered orally for long term, and the activity did not declined during the experimental period. These results suggest that long term administration of low dose ETP is clinically useful for post-operative and maintenance chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

A variant of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor with Langerhans cells.

A variant of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) with Langerhans cells is reported. Compared to a typical CEOT, the tumor islands of this case were thin and composed of a small number of polyhedral epithelial cells. Almost no calcification of homogeneous eosinophilic materials was observed. In addition, clear cells which structurally corresponded to Langerhans cell were intermingled in the epithelial islands. These cells stain positively for S-100 protein, lysozome, MT 1, LN-3 and OKT 6 antibodies, but not for keratin antibody. Electronmicroscopic examination revealed the rod-shaped and racket-shaped structures called Birbeck's granules in the cytoplasm of these clear cells. Our observations indicate a variant case of CEOT with Langerhans cells in tumor nests.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland--an immunohistological study.

We treated a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma that occurred in the right parotid gland of a 51-year-old woman. Although the tumor, including part of the parotid gland, was resected based on a clinical diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma, it was later diagnosed as adenoid cystic carcinoma of mixed cribriform-solid type by histopathological examination after resection. Therefore, postoperative irradiation with a dose of 51 Gy was performed. Immunohistological examination of the resected specimen showed that the profiles of carbohydrate antigens were Lewis (a-, b+) in both the tumor and surrounding normal parotid tissue. NCC-SG-007 antigen was observed in the tumor tissue but not in the normal parotid gland, suggesting that this antigen was associated with the tumor.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1990

[An unresectable colon cancer with a diffuse metastases that turned resectable following thermotherapy with chemoimmunotherapy].

Reported is the case of a 66-year-old woman who complained of a pain in the upper abdomen. A barium enema revealed a stenosis in the transverse and sigmoid colon and since her ileus worsened, an emergency operation was performed, which revealed an unresectable transverse colon cancer with a diffuse peritoneal metastases. After closing the wound, the patient was treated with local thermotherapy of the abdomen using an RF wave in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Later, since the tumor could not be palpated and the tumor markers dissipated, a reoperation was performed, and it was found that diffuse metastases had completely disappeared from the peritoneum. Further, a histopathological study did not disclose any tumor cells. Therefore, as the cancer was remarkably reduced, a partial transverse and descending colon colectomy was performed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Antitumor activity of a novel analog of cytarabine, 4-amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone 5'-(sodium octadecyl phosphate) monohydrate (YNK01)].

4-Amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone 5'-(sodium octadecyl phosphate) monohydrate (YNK01) was an orally active depot form of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C). In the present study, antitumor activity of YNK01 was compared with it of Ara-C in vitro and in vivo. The activity of a main metabolite of YNK01, 5'-carboxypropylphosphate of Ara-C (C-C3PCA), was also studied. Growth inhibitory activity of YNK01 against various cultured tumor cells was 1/32-1/1,100 of that of Ara-C. YNK01 exhibited antitumor activity against L1210 leukemia in mice after i.v., i.p. or p.o. administration. The activity did not depend on the administration routes. Compared with Ara-C, the activity was comparable in both i.v. and i.p. administrations, but greater in p.o. administration. Oral administration of YNK01 showed similar antitumor spectrum to i.p. administration of Ara-C. Oral activity of YNK01 against L1210 leukemia did not depend on the administration schedules but depended on a total administration dose. In contrast, activity of Ara-C greatly depended on the schedules, and the frequent i.p, administration showed greatest activity. Growth inhibitory activity of C-C3PCA against cultured tumor cells was 1/2-1/7 of Ara-C. The metabolite exhibited activity against L1210 leukemia in mice after i.p. administration. These results suggest that YNK01 is a clinically useful drug with p.o. administration for cancers as well as Ara-C.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

An investigation of colon cancer associated with urinary diversion.

The mechanism by which ureterocolic anastomoses promote cancer of the colon is uncertain. To investigate the role of anastomotic healing, rats were exposed to the colon carcinogen azoxymethane after which they had either 1) a sham operation, 2) colotomy with suture, or 3) colovesical anastomosis, performed randomly. The first two groups had an equally low frequency of colon cancers, whereas rats with colovesical fistulas had a significantly higher frequency, and cancers were concentrated at the anastomotic site. It was concluded that prompt healing does not promote cancer in this model. It is probably not responsible for suture-line recurrences seen clinically, nor for the increased frequency of cancer at the site of urinary diversion into the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Combination effects of etoposide with other antitumor drugs in vitro and in vivo].

Combination effects of etoposide (ET) with each of 10 antitumor drugs were examined with P 388 leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. Median effect analysis was applied for the evaluation of in vitro effect by the growth inhibition, and the in vivo effect by comparison of the increase of life span (ILS) in a combined group with the sum of ILS's in 2 single agent groups. Among 10 drugs combined with ET, cyclophosphamide (melphalan was used for in vitro study), cisplatin and 6-mercaptopurine exhibited a strong synergism both in vitro and in vivo. The combination of ET with mitomycin C, vincristine, vindesine or cytarabine produced additive or slightly synergistic effect in the both systems. However, methotrexate + ET combination showed an antagonistic effect. Although the combination of ET with doxorubicin or fluorouracil showed a slight synergism in vitro, it was antagonistic in vivo. Thus, the in vitro and in vivo combined effects were consistent in 8 of 10 drugs. The employed methods in the present studies could distinguish high efficacy of ET + cyclophosphamide and ET + cisplatin, which are clinically approved as effective combinations against lung cancer. The methods seem to be useful to assess the drug efficacy in experimental combination.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Immunoglobulin subclasses in chronic tonsillitis.

The distribution and proportion of immunoglobulin-producing cells in palatine tonsil, including IgG and IgA subclasses, have been examined in chronic tonsillitis using an immunofluorescence method. Results obtained indicate that the percentage ratios of IgG1:IgG2:IgG3:IgG4 were 53.1:35.9:4.7:6.3. Higher percentages of IgG1- and lower percentages of IgG2-producing cells were found among 3 types of tonsillitis. Proportional ratios of IgA1:IgA2 were approximately 80:20, and a slight elevation of IgA2-producing cells was observed in chronic tonsillitis.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1987

Derivation of a murine monoclonal antibody useful for immunohistochemical diagnosis of human adenoid cystic carcinoma and stomach cancer.

A monoclonal antibody, NCC-SG-007, was raised with a formalin-fixed adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland as the immunogen. The reactivity of the antibody was tested on paraffin sections using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. NCC-SG-007 reacted with 36% of the adenoid cystic carcinomas, 42% of the pleomorphic adenomas and 14% of the mucoepidermoid tumors of the salivary gland which were tested. The antibody also reacted with some normal tissues and various other tumors. Surprisingly, NCC-SG-007 showed a reactivity as high as 94% with gastric carcinomas. The antigenic determinant was revealed to be a carbohydrate chain with no terminal sialic acid, the molecular weight of which was estimated to be 1.5 X 10(6) daltons. This antigen differed from other previously reported gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigens. The antibody should be useful for studying adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary gland and gastric cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sequential histologic changes during gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in susceptible ACI and resistant BUF rats.

Sequential histologic changes of the stomach during carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG; CAS: 70-25-7) were studied in susceptible ACI and resistant BUF strain rats. Rats were given MNNG at a concentration of 83 micrograms/ml in their drinking water for 32 weeks and then tap water and were sacrificed sequentially between weeks 1 and 57. In ACI rats, erosions, regenerative changes, focal and slightly atypical changes, and diffuse and severe atypical changes were observed sequentially in the pyloric region during the period of MNNG administration, where adenocarcinomas were observed after the cessation of MNNG treatment. In BUF rats, the main histologic changes induced by MNNG were erosions and hyperplasia of the glandular portion of pyloric glands at the margin of erosions. After the cessation of MNNG treatment, the hyperplasia of the pyloric glands subsided and was followed by atrophy of these glands. The results suggested that the responses of the gastric mucosa to MNNG in ACI and BUF rats were qualitatively different.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Induction of gastric carcinomas in nonhuman primates by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

N-Ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(ENNG) CAS: 63885-23-4] was administered to 5 Macaca monkeys (Macaca mulatta and M. irus) at a concentration of 200 or 300 micrograms/ml for 11-26 months in their drinking water. Gastric carcinomas in the pyloric region were observed in all 5 monkeys between experimental months 11 and 38. Histologically, these carcinomas were mainly poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and signet-ring cell carcinomas, and a few moderately and well-differentiated adenocarcinomas were also found. The macroscopic and histologic appearances of these carcinomas were similar to those in humans.

Adenocarcinoma↗