Miniaturization of the luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI(TM)) for use in multiplex array formats and other biochips
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
K Lao
Publications and source records attributed to K Lao.
Capillary electrophoresis chips with integrated electrochemical detection.
Capillary electrophoresis systems with integrated electrochemical detection have been microfabricated on glass substrates. Photolithographic placement of the working electrode just outside the exit of the electrophoresis channel provides high-sensitivity electrochemical detection with minimal interference from the separation electric field. Microchip electrophoretic separations of neurotransmitters in under 100 s exemplify the good resolution and attomole detection sensitivity of these devices. Using indirect electrochemical detection, high-sensitivity DNA restriction fragment and PCR product sizing has also been performed. These microdevices match the detector's size to that of microfabricated separation and reaction devices, bringing to reality the lab-on-a-chip concept.
DNA↗
Active random walkers simulate trunk trail formation by ants.
A simple model for interactive structure formation is studied to simulate the trail formation by ants based on local chemical communication. In our model, active random walkers, which do not have the ability of visual navigation or storage of information, first have to discover different distributions of food sources and then have to link these sources to a central place by forming a trail, using no other guidance than the chemical markings produced by themselves. The simulations show the spontaneous emergence of a collective trail system due to self-organization, which is both stable and flexible, to include newly discovered sources. The typical dendritic foraging patterns of desert ants, reported by Hölldobler and Möglich (Insectes Sociaux. 1980. 27(3). pp. 237 264) are reproduced by the simulations.
Animals↗
Ultraviolet-B photodestruction of a light-harvesting complex.
Cyanobacteria are important contributors to global photosynthesis in both marine and terrestrial environments. Quantitative data are presented on UV-B-induced damage to the major cyanobacterial photosynthetic light harvesting complex, the phycobilisome, and to each of its constituent phycobiliproteins. The photodestruction quantum yield, phi295 nm, for the phycobiliproteins is high (approximately 10(-3), as compared with approximately 10(-7) for visible light). Energy transfer on a picosecond time scale does not compete with photodestruction. Photodamage to phycobilisomes in vitro and in living cells is amplified by causing dissociation and loss of function of the complex. In photosynthetic organisms, UV-B damage to light-harvesting complexes may significantly exceed that to DNA.
Anabaena↗