Efficacy and tolerability of isradipine and metoprolol in treatment of hypertension: the Finnish Isradipine Study in Hypertension (FISH).
Eight hundred seventy-six men and women with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 95-115 mm Hg during a 4-week placebo period were included in a multicenter trial; 479 patients had previously been treated for hypertension. The patients were randomized to receive isradipine or metoprolol; both groups were comparable for age, weight, height, smoking habits, and duration of hypertension. By the end of the placebo period, 79 patients did not fulfill the final entry criteria and were withdrawn. The isradipine group consisted of 398 patients (164 women and 234 men), and the metoprolol group consisted of 399 patients (173 women and 226 men). The initial dose of isradipine was 1.25 mg twice daily (b.i.d.), and the initial dose of metoprolol was 50 mg b.i.d.; the doses were doubled after 4 weeks if DBP had not decreased to less than or equal to 90 mm Hg. After 8 weeks, the isradipine group began combination therapy with metoprolol 50 mg b.i.d. and the metoprolol group began combination therapy with isradipine 1.25 mg b.i.d. if DBP was not less than or equal to 90 mm Hg. After 8 weeks monotherapy, mean BP (MBP) was reduced by 13/11 mm Hg (161/104 to 148/93) in the isradipine group and by 15/12 mm Hg (160/103 to 145/91) in the metoprolol group. Monotherapy with isradipine normalized DBP to less than or equal to 90 mm Hg in 52% with a mean dose of 4.26 mg daily, and monotherapy with metoprolol normalized DBP in 58% with a mean dose of 155 mg daily.1+