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Biomedical subjects

K M Abdulkadyrov

Publications and source records attributed to K M Abdulkadyrov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Prognostic potential of morphological and cytogenetic indices in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome].

AIM: To examine prognostic potential of the number of bone marrow (BM) blasts and cell karyotype as risk factors of transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in acute myeloblastic leukemia AML. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The analysis of examination was made for 72 patients with primary MDS in the groups formed by number of blasts in BM, karyotype and IPSS variant. MDS was diagnosed by WHO criteria. Transformation into AML was established in blastosis > 20% in peripheral blood and/or BM. The karyotype was studied according to GTG technique. RESULTS: More frequent progression of MDS was seen in patients with blastosis > 10%, unfavourable karyotype and high IPSS risk. The least number of leukemic transformations occurred in karyotype of intermediate prognosis while disease-free survival in patients with karyotype of good prognosis was similar to that of patients with unfavourable karyotype. The number of blasts in BM and IPSS variant appeared to be prognostic markers of duration of leukemia-free survival in one-factor analysis. The multifactorial analysis found out one factor of MDS transformation in AML: number of blasts in BM puncture biopsy. CONCLUSION: Prognostic priority of the number of BM blasts as a risk factor of MDS progression compared to karyotype is explained by biological heterogenicity of MDS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical significance of lymphocyte subpopulations and cytokine-producing activity of blood cells in patients with primary myelodysplastic syndrome].

Lymphocyte subpopulation composition and spontaneous production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by blood cells were studied in 22 and 15 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), respectively, who were under immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Patients with hematological response revealed a significantly increased cytotoxic CD8+ lymphocyte concentration and TNF-alpha production. A direct correlation between TNF-alpha production rate and CD8+ lymphocyte level was established. Maximum cytokine-producing activity of blood cells was identified in MDS patients with enhanced erythroid response. The study established a great diversity of MDS, its hypoplastic variants and the prognostic value of spontaneous production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by blood cells as marker of IST efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Retrospective analysis of the morphological, cytochemical, cytogenetic, electron microscopic, and biochemical features of blast cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia].

The paper presents a retrospective analysis of long-term follow-ups (from 1959 to 2000) of 86 patients with acute pro-myelocytic leukemia, a rare type of hemoblastoses. The specific features of this form of leukemia is that blast cells of the bone marrow and peripheral blood have a specific granularity that plays a decisive role in the development of the severe hemorrhagic syndrome leading to patients' death. The morphological, cytochemical, cytogenetic, electron microscopic, and biochemical features of blast cells in this disease and its pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment are considered. An extract from the records of a female patient who has had a complete clinical and hematological remission for 22 years is given. The follow-up of such a prolonged remission has not been covered in the Russian literature.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Incidence and characteristics of complications in aplastic anemia patients treated with antilymphocytic globulin].

AIM: To examine frequency and characteristic features of complications arising in administration of domestic antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1980 to 2000 125 patients with AA were treated with ALG made in Russia. Two and three courses of ALG were performed in 25 and 8 patients, respectively. RESULTS: The treatment was complicated most often with allergic reactions (AR) observed in 42.4% patients, hemorrhagic syndrome (HS) and infectious complications (IC). Goat ALG was more allergic than rabbit ALG (46.2 vs 34.6%, respectively). If the second course was made with ALG of the same kind, AR occurred in 37.5% patients while ALG of the different kind produced complications only in 11.8% patients. HS was recorded in 37.3% patients, its frequency was unrelated to ALG kind and was not severe (71.2%). IC occurred in 16.5% patients, their occurrence was also unrelated to the ALG kind and were of the first degree in 63.6%. CONCLUSION: Domestic ALG often results in AR. To reduce frequency and severity of complications in ALG treatment, it is recommended to use long intravenous infusions (12-18 h) and change ALG kind in subsequent ALG courses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Anticytosine therapy for primary myelodysplastic syndrome].

A pilot study of anticytocine therapy (PCD) was carried out in 9 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). After 12 weeks, 2 patients (22%) showed hematological response cutting down the need for washed-out erythrocyte transfusions by half or more. MDS progression at different stages was reported in 4; transformation to acute myeloleukemia--2. PCD treatment is indicated in MDS patients, aged over 65, with a less than 10% blast level of the bone marrow, and without any risks of tumor progression.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Cefepime/amikacin in the empirical antibacterial therapy for patients with hemoblastosis of different forms].

The results of the use of cefepime (Maxipime) combination with amikacin vs ceftriaxon combination with amikacin in the treatment of 80 patients with different forms of hemoblastosis are presented. Severe infectious complications in the patients were associated with prolonged and deep neutropenia during inductive or antirelapsing chemotherapy. All the patients in the trial were from the group of high risk of infectious complications with the blood neutrophil count under 100 cells/microliter. The duration of neutropenia averaged 12 days (7 to 15). The average period of the treatment with cefepime and amikacin equaled to 13 days (8 to 16). The treatment with cefepime + amikacin was successful in 38 out of 40 patients (95%). The average period of the treatment with ceftriaxon and amikacin equaled to 14 days (7 to 18). The efficacy of the treatment with ceftriaxon + amikacin was 60% (24 patients out of 40).

Amikacin↗
PubMed2002

[Cytomegalovirus infection in bone marrow transplantation].

AIM: To evaluate frequency and clinical features of CMV infection in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, protective and therapeutic methods, efficiency of CMV hyperimmune immunoglobulin cytotest (Biotest Pharma). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial enrolled 22 patients (group 1) with HM and severe aplastic anemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 58 patients (group 2) with HM after autologous stem cell transplantation. The patients were examined for CMV infection by serologic methods and PCR. RESULTS: The probabilities of CMV infection were greater in group 1 than group 2--10/22(45%) versus 12/58 (21%), p < 0.05. Clinical signs of CMV disease were pneumonitis (27%), hepatitis (32%), gastroenteritis (9%), haemorrhagic cystitis (55%), slow engraftment (59%), prolonged thrombocytopenia (68%), encephalitis (5%). Six (60%) patients with CMV infection after allogeneic and 1(8%) patient with CMV infections after autologous stem cell transplantation were dead. The cytotest after allogeneic transplantation of the bone marrow reduced the risk of CMV infection from 62 to 36%. CONCLUSION: CMV infection influences prognosis both in allogeneic and autologous transplantation of hemopoietic stem cells. Cytotest lowers the risk of CMV development after transplantation of allogeneic bone marrow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

HLA-DR4-Ala74 beta is associated with risk and poor outcome of severe aplastic anemia.

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a heterogeneous hematological disorder with a high mortality. Genetic predisposition has been shown to play a role in a considerable proportion of SAA cases. For instance, the human lymphocyte antigen HLA-DR2 has been repeatedly demonstrated to be over-represented in SAA patients. In this paper, we expand on the evidence for the contribution of HLA polymorphism in the susceptibility to SAA, which was obtained using the "high-resolution" technique of HLA-DRB1 subtyping. The DRB1*1501 allele appeared to be responsible for the predominance of DR2 specificity in SAA patients and was the most significant risk factor for this disease. It was observed in 23/44 (52.3%) patients versus 22/100 (22.0%) donors [odds ratio (OR) = 3.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8-8.3; P = 0.0005, corrected P (Pc) < 0.05]. In addition, DRB1*04 alleles also displayed non-random distribution in the SAA group. In particular, DRB1*04 variants coding for alanine at position 74 of the DR beta 1 chain (HLA-DR4-Ala74 beta subtype) were detected in all 13 DR4-positive SAA patients but only in 15/24 (62.5%) controls (OR = 16.6; 95% CI: 0.9-312.0; P = 0.015). Multiple comparison analysis confirmed that the HLA-DR4-Ala74 beta subtype confers susceptibility to SAA independently from the DRB1*1501 allele. Finally, examination of the clinical records has shown that the HLA-DR4-Ala74 beta subtype is associated with poor outcome of SAA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Low-dose cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia].

The effects of low doses of cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) were studied in 17 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: chronic, resistant to IFN and hydroxyurea therapy (including 4 cases of advanced chronic disease)--7, and tumor progression--10. Hematologic effect was recorded in 7 chronic patients tolerant to hydroxyurea and alpha-interferon therapy. Among 10 cases of tumor progression, chronic stage II was observed in 3, stabilization (tumor progression short of blastic crisis)--5, and without effect--1. Low-dose Ara-C treatment was considered effective in 15 (88%) out of 17 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The in-vitro effect of constant and pulsating magnetic field on immunocompetent blood cells of hematologic patients].

Immunologic characteristics were studied in 103 patients with multiple myeloma, acute leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's disease following in vitro exposure of blood to a low-intensity static field (SF) and alternating field (AF) or pulsating magnetic field (PF). In a SF-AF study of multiple myeloma, a 30 min exposure had a positive effect on expression of tumor cells and T-cell markers and stimulated the regulatory function of T-lymphocytes. With SF-AF and PF application alternating, the expression of both +CD3 and +CD4 and the +CD3/+CD4 ratio increased suggesting the lowering of immunological deficiency. In acute leukemia, a combined application of the magnetic fields had an effect on the helper activity of the T-lymphocyte subpopulation. The phagocytic activity of leukocytes increased significantly while their digestive ability rose to a moderate degree.

Acute Disease↗