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Biomedical subjects

K M Cherian

Publications and source records attributed to K M Cherian.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Multiple cardiovascular involvement in a case of relapsing polychondritis.

Relapsing polychondritis is a multisystem disease characterized by recurrent inflammation of the cartilaginous tissue. Cardiovascular manifestations of relapsing polychondritis are rare but are the second most common cause of death in these patients. We report a case of relapsing polychondritis who underwent aortic valve replacement uneventfully but presented six months later with myocardial infarction due to bilateral coronary ostial stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Cellular destruction following transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR).

During transmyocardial revascularization, cellular destruction of cardiomyocytes occurs as a result of the high-energy laser. However, the features of myocardial cellular destruction are unclear. The present study was undertaken to examine the structural characteristics of cell death in the myocardium following transmyocardial revascularization. Myocardial specimens from 3 male patients who had died within 11 days following laser revascularization were collected within 1 h of death and were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. For immunohistochemistry, antibodies to pro-apoptotic proteins CPP32 and BAX were used. Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated the presence of cells expressing both CPP32 and BAX along the laser channel. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that the lining surface of laser channels consisted of condensed acellular debris and dead cells. No endothelialization of channels was noted. The lumen of laser channels were surrounded by a rim of acellular debris with several outer concentric rims of cardiomyocytes showing features of cellular destruction. The present study identified features of both necrotic and apoptotic cellular death following laser revascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Rheumatic involvement of all four cardiac valves.

Rheumatic involvement of all four heart valves is rare. A 35 year old woman presented with gradually progressive exertional dyspnoea for the preceding 10 years. On evaluation she was in atrial fibrillation with congestive heart failure. Clinical examination found evidence of stenosis of the mitral aortic and tricuspid valves with a history of rheumatic fever in childhood. Transthoracic echocardiography showed the involvement of all four cardiac valves. Few reports are available in the literature describing rheumatic quadrivalvar damage. Operator awareness of possible rheumatic involvement of all four valves is essential for appropriate diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Mitral valve reoperation through the left atrial appendage in a patient with mesocardia.

We report the case of a patient with mesocardia, mitral restenosis, and mitral regurgitation. He had undergone an open mitral valvotomy 4 years earlier and, therefore, presented us with a problematic approach to the mitral valve. In such cases, access to the mitral valve is almost impossible due to the position of the valve, which is more posterior and to the left of a normal valve, and due to adhesions from the previous surgery We approached the mitral valve through the left atrial appendage and replaced the mitral valve with a mechanical prosthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

De Vega's tricuspid annuloplasty for Ebstein's anomaly.

A case of Ebstein's anomaly as demonstrated by echocardiography and electrophysiological studies is discussed. In view of deterioration in tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricular dysfunction, successful surgical repair employing De Vega's tricuspid annuloplasty along with plication of the atrialised portion of the right ventricle is described. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography following the procedure revealed satisfactory repair and a significant decrease in tricuspid regurgitation. This simple technique appears to be effective in patients having anterior leaflet sufficiently large area and motion. Adequate long-term follow-up in a large series of patients is essential to confirm that it is also beneficial and durable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Nocardia asteroides mediastinitis complicating coronary artery bypass surgery.

A 63 years diabetic male was admitted with mediatinitis and sternal dehiscence. Nocardia asteroides sensu stricto Type VI was isolated from the mediastinal tissue and fluid during debridement. Prompt surgical intervention and treatment with ofloxacin both intravenously and later orally led to the cure.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed2002

Role of different valence states of chromium in the elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis.

Chromium, a known contact sensitizer, is present at high levels in certain detergent bars (40-50 p.p.m.) sold in India. A concern was whether chromium present in such detergent bars could sensitize users or their use lead to the elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis. Chromium present in detergent bars was analyzed for its valence state. It was found to be trivalent [Cr (III)] and not hexavalent [Cr (VI)]. An elicitation test on normal volunteers, as well as on volunteers who were sensitive to chromium, was carried out to determine the elicitation potential of chromium (III) in the bars. Of the 48 volunteers who completed the study, 30 did not show any positive response to either potassium dichromate, the positive control, or the detergent bar containing chromium (III). 18 volunteers who were identified as chromium-sensitive showed a positive response to potassium dichromate but not to the detergent bar containing trivalent chromium. This study clearly showed that the detergent bar with 40-50 p.p.m. of trivalent chromium did not elicit any allergic contact dermatitis even in individuals known to be chromium-sensitive. Hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) did however, elicit allergic contact dermatitis in these subjects.

Chromium↗
PubMed2001

A new repair for anomalous left coronary artery.

We report a new technique of left coronary artery implantation to the aorta with interposition of a tube created from the great arterial wall for anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. This technique was used in 3 patients, of which 2 patients survived. It achieves two coronary artery repair and avoids problems related to extensive mobilization of coronary artery for translocation. It is easily reproducible.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2000

L-->R shunt: a serious consequence of TAPVC repair without ligation of vertical vein.

It has been suggested that concomitant ligation of the vertical vein (VV) is not necessary in the repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The patency of the VV is desirable in the presence of noncompliant left heart chambers that may not be able to accommodate acute increases in pulmonary blood flow, leading to hemodynamic instability after repair. Complete cessation of flow through the previously patent VV has been observed, obviating the need for a second-stage operation. We report 2 infants who were operated using this strategy, in which the VV continued to function as a conduit for a significant left to right shunt.

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMed2000

Red cell haemolysis test as an in vitro approach for the assessment of toxicity of karanja oil.

The karanja tree grows in parts of India and Australia. The oil from seed kernels was found to be toxic to animals. The annual potential availability of the oil is around 135,000 tons in India. In order to use it for beneficial purposes, it is necessary to detoxify the oil. In the present study, the oil was assessed for toxicity by the red cell haemolysis test and estimating the LDH in the supernatant. The non-lipid constituents were isolated from raw oil by aqueous methanol extraction. The raw oil and the non-lipid fraction were found to haemolyse the red cells with release of LDH, whereas the extracted oil did not show such a manifestation. There was a good correlation between haemolytic activity and LDH released from cells. These findings were further confirmed with in vivo studies where the raw and extracted karanja oils showed 100% and nil mortality in rats dosed orally at 10 and 20 ml/kg body weight, respectively. This haemolysis test can be used as an in vitro method to predict toxicity and to monitor the detoxification of the oils prior to use in in vivo studies for toxicological evaluation. The fatty acid composition of the raw and extracted karanja oils showed no difference.

Animals↗