Biomedical subjects

K M Chin

Publications and source records attributed to K M Chin.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Invasive cervical cancer in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected hospital patients.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of invasive cervical cancer in women with, and in women without, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, so as to evaluate the inclusion of invasive cervical cancer in the AIDS surveillance case definition. METHODS: The Sentinel Hospital Surveillance System for HIV Infection collected data and serum specimens that remained after clinical testing of persons who received inpatient or outpatient care at 14 hospitals with high HIV prevalence. We analyzed data on invasive cervical cancer obtained from medical record review and HIV serostatus from white, black, and Hispanic women in the age groups 20-34, 35-44, and 45-54 years. RESULTS: In 1994 and 1995, 2684 (6.6%) of the 40,524 women sampled were HIV infected. Of the HIV-positive women, 28 had invasive cervical cancer (10.4 per 1000 women) and of the HIV-negative women, 236 had invasive cervical cancer (6.2 per 1000 women, relative risk [RR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 2.5). The prevalence of invasive cervical cancer was higher for HIV-positive than for HIV-negative black women aged 20-34 (RR 3.8; CI 1.7, 8.5) and Hispanic women aged 20-34 (RR 7.3; CI 1.4, 37.1) and 35-44 (RR 3.9; CI 1.1, 14.7) years. Twenty-six of the 28 cases of invasive cervical cancer in HIV-positive women were in women known to be HIV-positive during admission. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of invasive cervical cancer was higher for women who were HIV positive than for women who were HIV negative. This lends support to the inclusion of invasive cervical cancer in the revision of the surveillance case definition for AIDS in 1993.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Cross-reactivity of monovalent and polyvalent Trimeresurus antivenoms with venoms from various species of Trimeresurus (lance-headed pit viper) snake.

Trimeresurus bite is a serious medical problem in Asia. However, at present only a few monospecific Trimeresurus antivenoms are available. Investigation of the cross-neutralization capacity of three Trimeresurus antivenoms indicates that the antivenoms exhibit broad cross-reactivity. A polyvalent Trimeresurus antivenom was also found to be effective in neutralization of the haemorrhagic, necrotizing and thrombin-like activities of heterologous Trimeresurus venoms.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Radioimmunoassays for cannabinoids.

The simplicity, sensitivity, and specificity of radioimmunoassay have made it an attractive procedure for the analysis of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in biological fluids or tissues. The presence of closely related compounds such as metabolites may interfere with radioimmunoassay results. Appropriate design of immunogens may diminish such interference. This work has been directed towards the use of the amyl side chain for linking cannabinoid compounds to proteins to form immunogens. Although the amyl side chain is metabolized to some extent, the metabolites are not quantitatively significant in most cases. 5'-Carboxy-delta-8-THC and 5'-carboxy-delta-9-THC were linked to bovine serum albumin. Immunization of rabbits with the resulting conjugates resulted in the formation of antisera with high selectivity for delta-9-THC vs. its carboxylic acid metabolite, 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-THC. Delta-8-THC radioligands (4',5'-tritium and 5'-iodine-125) could be used with these antisera for analysis of delta-9-THC in plasma. Sensitivity with tritium-labeled material is about 2.5 ng/ml. 5'-Oxo-11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-8-THC was used to prepare an immunogen which led to the generation of an antiserum highly specific for 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-THC. This antiserum and iodine-125-5'-iodo-11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-8-THC were used to develop a highly specific assay for 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-THC in plasma.

Antibody Specificity↗