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Biomedical subjects

K M Wruk

Publications and source records attributed to K M Wruk.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Superwarfarin poisoning in children: a prospective study.

This prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence, severity, time of onset, and duration of coagulopathy in children following accidental ingestion of long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides, often called "superwarfarins." Of 110 children, who ingested superwarfarins and in whom one or more prothrombin time values were obtained, 8 had a prothrombin time ratio (patient to control) of greater than or equal to 1.2, indicative of anticoagulation. Prothrombin time values obtained 48 hours after ingestion were more likely to be prolonged (6/34, 17.6%) than values obtained 24 hours after ingestion (2/104, 1.9%) (P less than .005). The occurrence of an abnormal prothrombin time could not be predicted based on the history of amount ingested or on the presence of the characteristic green-blue product dye in or around the child's mouth. Acute toxicity was evidenced by transient abdominal pain, vomiting, and heme positive stools in 2 patients. The duration of prothrombin time prolongation could not be determined because of the few values obtained after 48 hours. To detect all possible abnormal prothrombin time values, 24- and 48-hour determinations are recommended after a child has ingested a superwarfarin.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1988

Ethyl alcohol (ethanol)-containing cologne, perfume, and after-shave ingestions in children.

Colognes, perfumes, and after-shaves containing ethyl alcohol (ethanol) are frequently ingested by children. These products may contain from 50% to 99% ethanol. To determine if ingestion of colognes, perfumes, or after-shaves by children results in serious ethanol toxic reactions, this retrospective study was performed. One hundred twenty-three cases of children younger than 6 years old who ingested these products were reviewed. The cases were arbitrarily divided into three groups based on the amount ingested by history. Group 1 included children in whom less than 30 mL was ingested; group 2, 30 to 60 mL was ingested; and group 3, more than 60 to 105 mL was ingested. Of the 102 patients in group 1, no children experienced symptoms or signs. One of 17 children in group 2 was described by parents as sleepy but was asymptomatic one hour later. Two of four children in group 3 behaved as if intoxicated, yet blood ethanol levels were undetectable within 2 1/2 hours after ingestion. Based on our study, asymptomatic children who ingested by history less than 105 mL of a cologne, perfume, or after-shave and remain asymptomatic can be safely watched at home. All children with symptoms of intoxication need health care facility referral.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed1988

Five cases of Thermopsis poisoning.

Various Thermopsis species are found in the foothills and plains of the Rocky Mountains. There are no reported cases of human ingestion to Thermopsis reported in the literature. We report 5 cases of ingestion of seeds or flowers where the primary symptoms were nausea, vomiting and headache of several hours duration. As few as 6 seeds produced symptoms. The common names used by parents when calling the poison center could have easily lead to misidentification and a careful history and subsequent professional identification were required to ascertain the actual plant involved.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Cigarette and nicotine chewing gum toxicity in children.

A prospective review of 51 cases of tobacco ingestion and 5 cases of nicotine resin chewing gum exposure was conducted to evaluate the incidence and degree of toxicity caused by these products in children. A dose-response relationship was observed for cigarette exposures. Nine of 10 children ingesting more than one cigarette or three cigarette butts developed signs or symptoms, while 12 of 24 ingesting lesser amounts became symptomatic (P less than 0.01). Severe symptoms (e.g. limb jerking and unresponsiveness) were only seen with the larger amounts. Nicotine resin gum produced toxicity in 4 of 5 children who chewed 1/2 to 4 pieces. Agitation, lethargy, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal pain, and vomiting were seen within 30 min of exposure to the gum.

Chewing Gum↗
PubMed1987

Clinical effects of accidental levothyroxine ingestion in children.

Forty-one children, aged 1 to 5 years, who accidentally ingested levothyroxine sodium were studied. Symptoms possibly associated with the ingestion occurred in 11 patients (27%). These symptoms (tachycardia, hyperactive behavior, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, diaphoresis, and flushing) were categorized as minor and all resolved without treatment. Because observed effects were generally mild and often unrelated to either estimated amounts of hormone consumed or serum thyroxine levels, a conservative approach to patient treatment is recommended in cases of levothyroxine ingestion in children.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Ibuprofen overdose: 126 cases.

In this study of ibuprofen overdose, symptoms developed in 19% of patients (24 of 126)--in 7% of children (6 of 88) and in 47% of adults (18 of 38). Central nervous system depression, seizures, gastrointestinal disturbances, bradycardia, hypotension, apnea, abnormal renal functions, hematuria, nystagmus, and blurred vision were observed. No patients became symptomatic more than four hours after ingestion. There was no significant difference (P greater than .05) between symptomatic and asymptomatic adult groups in either total milligrams or milligram-per-kilogram amounts ingested by history. Pediatric patients who became symptomatic had a mean ingestion by history of 440 mg/kg; those who remained asymptomatic had a mean ingestion by history of 114 mg/kg (P less than .001). No patients ingesting less than 99 mg/kg by history developed any symptoms. Two children had seizures or apnea and one died. Ibuprofen occasionally may cause serious toxicity in overdose.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mushroom poisoning.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗