PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Machida

Publications and source records attributed to K Machida.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A missense mutation found in human lactate dehydrogenase-B (H) variant gene.

A human lactate dehydrogenase-B mutant gene was isolated from a genomic DNA library constructed from a patient with unstable LDH-B (heart) subunit. The nucleotide sequences of seven protein-coding exons were determined and a single nucleotide substitution of G by A at Arg codon CGC in exon 4 was found. This mutation results in an amino-acid replacement of a conserved arginine by histidine at the residue "173," which is involved in an anion-binding site at the P-axis of LDH subunits.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical significance of I-123 IMP brain SPECT in children with brain diseases].

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the brain using N-isopropyl p-I-123-iodoamphetamine (I-123 IMP) was performed in 43 children with suspected brain diseases. Forty-three children (25 males and 18 females), with an age range of 24 days-15 years (mean: 6.6 years), were included in the study. Six patients were subsequently diagnosed as normal. Early SPECT of the brain was performed 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 74-111 MBq (2-3 mCi) I-123 IMP using a rotating gamma camera equipped with a 30-degree slant hole and medium energy collimator. Transverse images were reconstructed by Shepp-Logan filtered back projection method with attenuation correction after spatial filtering using an 8th order Butterworth-Wiener filter. Findings of I-123 IMP SPECT were compared with those of X-ray computed tomography (CT) and electroencephalography (EEG). The results showed that 1) In I-123 IMP SPECT, abnormality was found in 30 out of 37 children with brain diseases. The incidence of abnormal findings in the 37 patients was 81% in I-123 IMP SPECT, 61% in X-ray CT, and 78% in EEG., 2) In both cryptogenic and secondary epilepsy, the incidence of abnormality was higher in I-123 IMP SPECT than in X-ray CT. (70% and 94% vs 50% and 81% respectively). Epileptic foci detected by EEG did not correspond with defects found using I-123 IMP SPECT in 27% of the patients., 3) In asphyxiated infants, a high incidence of abnormality was observed on both I-123 IMP SPECT (86%) and X-ray CT (86%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The experience of a new double-catheter introducer for simultaneous bilateral internal iliac angiography].

We developed a new 8F catheter-introducer system designed for simultaneous insertion of two catheters into each internal iliac artery via a single puncture. This introducer has a common distal limb and a pair of proximal limbs connected in a Y-shaped fashion. Each of the proximal limbs has its own check valve and flushing side arm, through which one can pass two catheters separately. We succeeded in placing each of two catheters at desired sites in three cases of pelvic angiography. This system will be of great help in pelvic angiography and infusion-chemotherapy when bilateral catheterization is required.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Complex formation by bovine trypsin and a tetrapeptide (Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2): X-ray structure analysis of the complex in the orthorhombic crystal form with low molecular packing density.

The title tetrapeptide, Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2, forms a complex with trypsin in a novel orthorhombic crystal form with low molecular packing density. The complex formation was directly evidenced by X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure at 1.8 A resolution was refined to an R-factor of 20.5% for 13,923 reflection data, which were measured with synchrotron radiation. The tetrapeptide is bound to trypsin at the active site, and the binding mode is very similar to that of a bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI):trypsin complex. The tetrapeptide:trypsin complex is the first observation that a peptide forms a stable complex with trypsin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for four subunits of cytochrome c oxidase from the thermophilic bacterium PS3.

The gene coding for four subunits of cytochrome aa3-type oxidase was isolated from a genomic DNA library of the thermophilic bacterium PS3 and sequenced. The N-terminus of each subunit was also sequenced to verify the initiation site of the reading frame. The deduced amino acid sequences contained 615 amino acid residues for subunit I (CO1/caaB product), 333 residues for subunit II (CO2/caaA product), 207 residues for subunit III (CO3/caaC product), and 109 residues for subunit IV (CO4/caaD product) after processing. Re-examination of the sequencing of caa revealed a longer open reading frame for CO1, which contains 14 transmembrane segments instead of 12 [Sone et al. (1988) J. Biochem. 103, 606-610], although the main portions of the sequences constituting cytochrome a (FeA), cytochrome a3 (FeB), and CuB are correct. PS3 CO2 has an additional sequence for cytochrome c after the CuA binding protein portion with 2 transmembrane segments, which is homologous to the mitochondrial counterpart. PS3 CO3 has DCCD-binding glutamyl residues but contains only 5 transmembrane segments, unlike the mitochondrial counterpart, which has 7 segments. The subunits of PS3 cytochrome oxidase (aa3-type) show clear similarity in amino acid sequences with those of cytochrome bo-type oxidase from Escherichia coli as well, in spite of the difference of hemes. PS3 CO3 and CO4 are much more similar to E. coli CO3 and CO4 than to mitochondrial CO3 and CO4, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Multiple binding of inhibitors in the complex formed by bovine trypsin and fragments of a synthetic inhibitor, 4-[4-(N,N- dimethylcarbamoxylmethoxycarbonylmethyl)phenoxycarbonylphenyl+ ++] guanidinium methanesulfonate (FOY-305).

The crystal of bovine trypsin complexed with a potent inhibitor, 4-[4-(N,N- dimethylcarbamoylmethoxycarbonylmethyl)phenoxycarbonylphenyl ]guanidinium (FOY-305) in the novel orthorhombic from with a low molecular packing density was studied by the X-ray diffraction method. Using synchrotron radiation, the intensity data were collected to 1.8 A resolution. The structure was solved by molecular replacement methods, and refined to an R-factor = 18.0% for 14364 reflections by the restrained least-squares method. The final difference Fourier maps revealed that hydrolyzed inhibitor fragments bind with the protein at multiple sites around the active center of trypsin. The structural feature in the crystalline state probably corresponds to a statistical average of several complexes which would be formed between the inhibitor and trypsin during the binding and releasing process in solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Electrocardiographical findings of WBN/Kob rats.

Electrocardiographical (ECG) investigations were carried out on 4 and 12 week old WBN/Kob and Wistar male rats. In comparison with Wistar rats which showed ECG findings typical of those of normal rats, WBN/Kob rats showed significantly larger QRS complex amplitude, smaller T wave amplitude, longer QRS duration, and longer QT interval at 4 weeks of age. This tendency became clearer at 12 weeks of age. There were no changes in serum inorganic ion concentrations or cardiac histopathology suggestive of these ECG changes in WBN/Kob rats. These ECG findings in WBN/Kob rats are considered to be a hereditary characteristic of the strain.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[A study on the effect of water intake of umpires during a baseball game in a summer-heat environment].

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of umpires' intake of water during a summertime baseball game, on serum and urinary biochemical elements, body weight and physiological factors. Twenty-eight umpires were classified into two groups. Group W was composed of 14 umpires who had water while those who did not were group C. Group W had 250 ml of water that was cooled to about 5 degrees C after the 5th inning of the game. The game was played in the following environment: atmosphere temperature was 31 degrees C; wet-bulb temperature was 26 degrees C; blackglove temperature was 40 degrees C; the velocity of the wind was 1.18 m/sec in bright sunshine on a hot and moist day. The results obtained were as follows. In group W, more body weight was lost than in group C, but statistically there was no significant difference. Urinary volume in group W became smaller than in group C, but statistically there was no significant difference. Water in blood increased in group W and decreased in group C but statistically there was significant difference. In both groups, oral temperature decreased, but only in group C was there a statistically significant difference. Although the intake of water increased the volume of perspiration, it did not dilute the concentrated blood, suppress the rise of body temperature, or result in a rise of low blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Ion chromatographic determination of inorganic anions in human serum].

The ion chromatographic method is a rapid and reliable technique for the simultaneous determination of inorganic anion concentrations in serum. We are investigating the effects of various diseases on the serum levels of the following inorganic anions: phosphate, bromide, nitrate, and sulphate. In this paper, we tested the intra- and intermeasurement reproducibility of the ion chromatographic method using pooled normal human serum. We found a good intrameasurement reproducibility for all of the above inorganic anions. The intermeasurement reproducibility was good for three of the inorganic anions but not for nitrate. We measured the serum levels of these inorganic anions in 241 inhabitants in one rural area. Using sera of normal inhabitants chosen from the above group, we used the mean value plus or minus two standard deviations as the normal range of each inorganic anion. Our values are in agreement with previously published reports. We found that the serum levels of nitrate and sulphate tended to be increased in inhabitants with liver or kidney disfunction respectively.

Bromides↗
PubMed1990

[Tuberculosis sequelae: home care of patients].

Home oxygen therapy (HOT) is important in the management of patients with chronic respiratory failure. I evaluated 159 HOT cases in our hospital during the period of 1988-1989. According to the national annual survey during the same period, HOT cases with tuberculosis sequelae were 46% of total national sanitorial HOT cases and 26-30% of all Japanese ones. Oxygen enrichers, especially molecular sieve type, became major methods of oxygen delivery (almost 90%) in both cases mentioned above. In our study, however, there were more patients with tuberculosis sequelae (66%), and more oxygen cylinder users (40%). Portable oxygen supply was higher in our HOT cases, especially in patients with tuberculosis sequelae or chronic pulmonary emphysema, and in users of oxygen cylinders or liquid oxygen. By questionnaire, we confirmed the earnest desire by the patients for the lighter and long lasting portable oxygen supply system.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

Aggregated distribution of infective spots composed of Leptotrombidium pallidum, highly prevalent with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, demonstrated by sentinel voles, Microtus montebelli, on the ground.

In the epidemiological surveys on scrub typhus at Chichibu City near Tokyo, an area, 350 m by 35 m, in the Hitsujiyama Park was found to be heavily infested with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (Rt). Distribution of trombiculid mites and their infection rates in this area were studied using sentinel animals, 48 Microtus montebelli and 10 ddY mice. The surveys were conducted 6 times in the autumn in 1985 and 1986. At the first 2 surveys, 16 animals were placed at random, and 4 restricted areas were identified as highly populated with trombiculid mites. For the detailed survey, each of 4 areas was divided into 2 m x 2 m quadrats to settle a sentinel animal to each. A total of mites collected by all sentinel animals was 331 Leptotrombidium pallidum, 175 L. fuji and 16 Gahrliepia saduski. Almost all mites were collected by M. montebelli, except only 1 L. fuji in 10 mice. From a M. montebelli in a quadrat, 157 L. pallidum were recovered, whereas the number/vole was 0 to 24 in the others. L. fuji was also highly aggregated at 2 sites. Rt was detected from individual mites by avidin-biotin immunofluorescence or isolated by the mouse passage from individual or pooled mites. Only Karp strain of Rt was detected or isolated from L. pallidum at a ratio of 31/286 (10.8%). No Rt was found from L. fuji or G. saduski. The infection rate in L. pallidum was especially high in 3 voles at ratios of 6/11, 2/5 and 3/5, respectively. Out of 14 sentinel M. montebelli with infected L. pallidum, 12 (85.7%) were infected with Rt. It was concluded that L. pallidum was distributed in aggregated clusters to form the mite islands and was infected heavily at the specific sites to make the infective spots.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of image quality and lesion detectability on I-123 IMP brain SPECT].

Influence of image quality on lesion detectability in I-123 IMP brain SPECT was discussed in forty-two cases with various cerebrovascular disorders. Fifty nine lesions, which were considered to show decreased uptake of I-123 IMP, were analyzed in this study. In all cases, SPECT examinations were started within 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 3 mCi of I-123 IMP. To determine the lesion detectability, fourteen radiologists from nine hospitals were gathered and film reading was carried out. To classify the image quality into valuable or not, findings of five points on SPECT image were visually evaluated; 1) uniformity of cortex accumulation, 2) separation of bilateral visual cortices, 3) density of white matter, 4) separation between basal ganglion and thalamus, 5) density of basal ganglion and thalamus. Mean lesion detections were 10.3/14 for the lesions of cerebral cortex, 9 for cerebellum, 3.58 for white matter and 3.22 for basal ganglion and thalamus, respectively. The detectability was certainly influenced by the image quality in the lesion of basal ganglion and thalamus, white matter and single lobe of cerebral cortex. We concluded that detection of small lesions and deep lesions with I-123 IMP SPECT was dependent on the image quality and the proposed classification of I-123 IMP SPECT image was useful for evaluating image quality from the points of view of the lesion detectability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Generation of brain scintigram reports with a speech recognition device controlled by a personal computer].

Radiology reporting system using a speech recognition apparatus was applied to generation of reports on brain scintigram and SPECT. The number of words or phrases that were selected for the reporting system by the authors was 259. Rates of correct recognition at the first, second, and third or more utterance of the voices were 91.1, 5.0, and 3.9%, respectively. The recognition rates decreased from 96.6 to 88.0% when the mean lengths of the words or phrases varied from 6.4 to 3.3. Net time for the generation of 8 reports by the system was 21 minutes 26 seconds, while that by the traditional dictation-transcription method was 15 minutes and 53 seconds. This system seems to be useful because of much longer input time expected for an average doctor, who usually is not well trained in using a Japanese-word processor, and convenience for database management offered by the system.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

[Usefulness of demand oxygen delivery system for patients with chronic respiratory failure due to mainly tuberculosis sequelae].

To evaluate the usefulness of a new oxymatic conserver, Demand Oxygen Delivery System (DODS), we compared DODS breathing with Standard steady flow (SF) breathing in thirteen subjects with chronic respiratory failure due to mainly tuberculosis sequelae. The value of the DODS (Oxymatic) is that it delivers oxygen only during early inspiration, so as to minimize loss from delivery during expiratory phase. Improvement of SaO2, measured by BIOX 3740, and PaO2 were observed at rest and on exercise. The oxygen consumption ratio of the DODS to the SF method was between 0.5 and 0.3, favoring the DODS over the SF method. In some patients DODS hardly ran at rest. But no problems are observed during exercise. The results indicate the effectiveness of DODS in advancement of quality of life patients with chronic respiratory failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Two dimensional polar display of cardiac blood pool SPECT.

A new method of ECG gated cardiac blood pool SPECT to illustrate the left ventricular (LV) wall motion in a single static image, two dimensional polar display (2DPD), was described. Circumferential profiles of the difference between end diastolic and end systolic short axis images of the LV were displayed in a similar way to the bull's eye plot of 201Tl myocardial SPECT. The diagnoses by 2DPDs agreed with those by cinematic displays of ECG gated blood pool SPECT in 74 out of 84 segments (85.5%) of abnormal motion, and 155 our of 168 segments (80.3%) of normal motion. It is concluded that 2DPD can evaluate regional wall motion by a single static image in a significant number of patients, and is also useful in comparing with the bull's eye image of 201Tl myocardial SPECT.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Factor analysis of multigated cardiac blood pool scintigram for the measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction.

Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was measured by factor analysis (FA) of multigated cardiac blood pool scintigram in 38 consecutive patients, and compared with that measured by the variable ROI method (EFVROI) with automated left ventricular contour detection. FA was automatically performed without operator intervention with a success rate of 100%. The correlation of EF with EFVROI was significant in the group of 22 patients with normal wall motion (r = 0.65, p less than 0.001), and the entire group of patients (r = 0.70, p less than 0.001), but not significant (p = 0.19) in the group of 16 patients with abnormal wall motion. In conclusion, left ventricular ejection fraction can be estimated by factor analysis of MUGA in patients with normal wall motion.

Adult↗