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K Markwalder

Publications and source records attributed to K Markwalder.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Fasciola hepatica infection. Successful therapy using triclabendazole].

We report a case of human fascioliasis treated successfully with a single dose of triclabendazole, a benzimidazole compound. The most obvious effect was the rapid cessation of faecal egg excretion, which had been refractory to two previous treatment courses of albendazole. Cure seems to be confirmed by the absence of Fasciola eggs in repeated stool examinations after six months, achievement of clinical wellbeing, and normalization of laboratory tests. The only side effect of the treatment was a brief episode of fever and right upper abdominal pain occurring four days after administration of triclabendazole. The syndrome was probably due to disintegrating dead parasites; further observations are needed to explain the pathogenesis of this episode.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Enteropathogens in travellers returning from the tropics].

Diarrhea is not only the most common health hazard during travel in the tropics but also the most frequent condition which prompts returning travellers to see a physician. The prevalence of bacterial and parasitic enteropathogens in people attending our outpatient department after returning from the tropics has been studied and the laboratory results of stool examinations have been compared with clinical symptoms. Of the 173 persons enrolled, 19 (11%) harboured bacterial pathogens and pathogenic protozoans (Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica) were found in 26 (15%). The data of 156 patients were evaluated. Enteropathogenic bacteria and/or protozoa were found in 29 (46%) of the 63 patients presenting with diarrhea at the time of investigation. In contrast, 10 (11%) of the 93 asymptomatic subjects had enteropathogenic organisms in the feces (p less than 0.01). The results appear to confirm that bacteriological stool examinations of travellers returning from the tropics without diarrhea are not usually indicated, even if a history of transient travellers' diarrhea is reported. Parasitological investigations are justified in this group only if asymptomatic carriage of Giardia or E. histolytica is considered an indication for specific treatment.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1984

Cerebral cysticercosis: treatment with praziquantel. Report of two cases.

Two patients with cerebral cysticercosis are described: one with a long-standing infection with multiple intracerebral calcifications, and one who had become infected only recently. Treatment with praziquantel 50 mg/kg body weight daily for 14 days resulted in clinical and radiological improvement in the first patient, although she obviously still harbored a number of viable non-calcified parasites. The second patient was completely cured by the same praziquantel regimen. Both patients needed temporary corticosteroid treatment to suppress development of intracranial hypertension. Computerized tomographic scanning and regular measurement of serum antibody titers against cysticercal and echinococcal antigen seem appropriate methods for follow-up of the effect of chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Fascioliasis hepatis--computed tomographic aspect].

In a patient with liver fascioliasis (already excreting eggs with the faeces) a CT scan of the liver showed after i. v. contrast injection a relatively characteristic aspect with multiple, small, hypodense areas, partly in formations of bunches of grapes, partly in a street-like arrangement towards the portal vein - bile duct - areas. 9 months later the hypodense lesions had markedly decreased.

Fasciola hepatica↗
PubMed1982

[Traveler's diarrhea].

Travelers' diarrhea is of concern to practitioners in temperate countries in two ways: people ask advice for effective prophylaxis before they leave for tropical regions, and returning travelers often complain of diarrhea after a journey to the tropics. Diarrhea at the beginning of a trip to southern regions is mainly due to bacterial pathogens; later, a parasitic origin for diarrhea becomes an increasing possibility. A rational and economic diagnostic approach to the diarrhea of returning travelers does not necessarily and always include bacteriological stool cultures. Situations warranting a wait-and-see symptomatic treatment are discussed. The authors believe that chemoprophylaxis for traveler's diarrhea should not be prescribed as a general measure.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1982

[Current therapy and prevention of malaria and perspectives for the future].

At present the basic antimalarial drugs are still the 4-aminoquinolines chloroquine and amodiaquine, the combinations of antifol compounds (such as pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine = Fansidar), and quinine. In South East Asia and parts of Latin America Plasmodium falciparum has become highly resistant to chloroquine, and increasingly so to the antifol combinations. By selecting the antimalarials bearing the lowest risk of resistance, or combinations of them, an attempt can be made to avoid failures of treatment and chemoprophylaxis. The other areas endemic for malaria tropica may still be generally considered "chloroquine sensitive", although sporadic low-grade resistance to chloroquine is reported. It would be a mistake to replace chloroquine systematically by antifol combinations in those parts of the world now as well. The questions when drug resistance is to be suspected, and how individual treatment can be adjusted to it, are likewise discussed. Mefloquine is the best known new compound, with excellent activity against multiresistant Plasmodium falciparum. A combination with Fansidar is now being developed to prevent the former from inducing resistant strains. Despite considerable experimental advances a malaria vaccine is unlikely to be generally available before the end of this decade.

Antimalarials↗