Biomedical subjects

K Mathur

Publications and source records attributed to K Mathur.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Effect of wrist position on power grip and key pinch strength following carpal tunnel decompression.

Power grip and thumb key pinch strength were measured pre- and immediately postoperatively in 30 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome while the wrist was in flexion and extension. The carpal tunnel decompression was performed under local infiltration with 1% lignocaine. Grip strength decreased more in wrist flexion than in wrist extension. No difference was found in thumb pinch strength. The authors conclude that some of the immediate postoperative loss of grip strength in wrist flexion can be attributed to prolapse of flexor tendons out of the carpal tunnel in this position.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed2004

Complex fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the hand. Results of a modified pins and rubbers traction system.

We reviewed 13 patients with a complex fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint of a finger and one patient with a complex fracture-dislocation of the interphalangeal joint of thumb. We had treated these injuries using a pins and rubbers traction system which had been modified to avoid friction of the pins against the bone during mobilisation of the joint in order to minimise the risk of osteolysis. A Michigan hand outcome questionnaire was used for subjective assessment. The active range of movement (AROM) of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints and the grip strength were used for objective assessment. The mean follow-up was 34 months (12 to 49). The mean normalised Michigan hand outcome score was 84. The mean AROM of the proximal interphalangeal joint was 85 degrees and that of the distal interphalangeal joint 48 degrees. The mean grip strength was 92% of the uninvolved hand. Twelve patients have returned to their original occupations. There has been no radiological osteolysis or clinical osteomyelitis. This modified traction system has given acceptable results with a low rate of complications. It is light, cheap, effective and easy to apply.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type 1 without chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in a 16 year-old male.

A 16 year-old boy presented with adrenal crisis and was incidentally found to have features of latent tetany. Also detected were Hashimoto's thyroiditis, alopecia and subnormal T cell function, and he was diagnosed as having polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type 1 (PGA-1), although chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, a hallmark of PGA-1, was absent. The presentation of several components of this disorder at one time and at this age is uncommon, and the features of overt hypoparathyroidism were probably masked by associated adrenal insufficiency.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Rapid recovery of spermatogenesis after mitoxantrone, vincristine, vinblastine, and prednisone chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.

PURPOSE: Because the effects of mitoxantrone on human male fertility were unknown, we determined prospectively the effects of three courses of mitoxantrone (Novantrone), vincristine (Oncovin), vinblastine, prednisone (NOVP) chemotherapy on the potential for fertility of men with Hodgkin's disease (HD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Semen analyses were performed on 58 patients with stages I-III HD before, during, and after chemotherapy and after the sperm count recovered from the effects of abdominal radiotherapy that was given after chemotherapy. RESULTS: Before the initiation of treatment, 84% of the patients were normospermic. Sperm counts declined significantly within 1 month after the start of NOVP chemotherapy. In the month after chemotherapy, 38% of patients were azoospermic, 52% had counts < 1 million/ mL, and 10% had counts between 1 and 3 million/mL. Between 2.6 and 4.5 months after the completion of chemotherapy, sperm counts recovered rapidly to normospermic levels in 63% of patients. In the remaining patients who were followed up for at least 1 year after standard upper abdominal radiotherapy, counts also recovered to normospermic levels. CONCLUSION: NOVP chemotherapy, like most other regimens, produced marked temporary effects or spermatogenesis. However, sperm production recovered very rapidly, within 3 to 4 months after the end of NOVP chemotherapy. This pattern was caused by killing differentiating spermatogenic cells, but there was little cytotoxicity or inhibition of stem cells from mitoxantrone or the other drugs. After the combination of NOVP plus abdominal radiotherapy, sperm counts and motility were restored in most patients to pretreatment levels, which were compatible with normal fertility.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Comparison of formalin preserved bone allograft in the form of a paste and as bone chips in fresh femoral shaft fractures with comminution.

Femoral shaft fractures with comminution are indicators for primary bone grafting. Problems related to autograft use have led us to evolve methods using allografts preserved in formalin. This method is cheap, easy, reliable and is readily available in the poorer countries. Comparison of 20 cases using allograft paste with 20 cases using allograft chips slivers in similar femoral shaft fractures was done. In both cases, the fusion time was slightly delayed as compared to cases using autograft. The infection rates were comparable, but it was noticed that bone paste got resorbed in 2 cases, leading to plate bending and malunion. The theoretical advantage of the bone paste in filling up the defects and crevices in the comminuted fractures was offset by the practical disadvantage of having no osteoconductive scaffolding, which was provided by the bone chips. It is thus recommended that formalin preserved bone allograft paste may be better suited for use in bony cavities and joint replacements, while formalin preserved bone chips are a good alternative to bone autografts, especially in polytrauma cases. Formalin preserved allografts are a viable alternative method for use in third world countries.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Behavioral effects and body activity level in female hospital staff nurses during work hour.

To examine if there are changes in the levels of affections over different times of day, affective state measures, alertness, irritability, mental tension, headache and anxiety of 100 female staff nurses were assessed, on visual analogue scales at 2-h intervals over a 24-h work cycle spread over three different shift works. Oral temperature was also recorded simultaneously. Sleep pattern, dietary habit and menstruation cycle of subjects were monitored. Analysis of variance reflected a significant rise in oral temperature as the day progressed with a peak during 16:00-18:00 h, which however gradually declined thereafter. Significant changes in the affective states indicated ascendancy in alertness, mental tension and anxiety within the first few hours of the beginning of each shift work, but descendancy towards the end of it. Further studies on some more affective states and physiological measures which may show parallelism have been suggested.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Role of formalin-preserved allograft in fresh fractures with comminution.

The use of bone grafting in polytrauma patients is associated with significant problems. Additional surgical time is required for the use of cancellous autografts, and there may be a significant incidence of donor site morbidity. Various types of allografts used in western countries are expensive to obtain and store, and the technical know-how required for their use may not be available in Third World countries. A series is reported in which formalin-preserved allograft (FPA) was used for the management of comminuted fractures in 22 polytrauma cases. This type of allograft is inexpensive, easy to prepare and store, and has been shown in experimental and clinical studies to be nonantigenic and sterile. The complication rate and time to union were comparable with a control series of autografted cases and previously reported series in the literature. Based on the results in this series of patients, the use of FPA is recommended for the grafting of multiple fractures, especially when other forms of allograft are not available because of technical or financial limitations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Time-of-day dependent performance efficiency in student nurses.

A psychological test battery comprising reasoning ability, name and number checking, letter cancellation and associative recall was administered to a group of 70 student nurses at 2-hr intervals from 0800 to 2000 to determine if their performance varied at different times of day. Simultaneously, their oral temperature was recorded. A 7 x 7 latin square design was utilized, and latin square repeated measure analysis of variance was employed. The results indicated variations in oral temperature as the day advanced. While accuracy of performance in cognitive tasks was found to be superior during the early morning, noon or early evening hours, the speed of performance was highest during the period from late-morning to late-evening.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Adolescent pregnancy: effects of nutrients on hematocrit and birth weight in Orangeburg County.

Effect of nutrients on hematocrit and birth weight during teenage pregnancy was studied for both Blacks and non-Blacks in Orangeburg County. The results of this study indicated that both Blacks and non-Blacks were considered to be at risk for nutritional anemia, based on hematocrit values. It further showed that Blacks and non-Blacks consumed an inadequate diet, particularly in iron and folic acid.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Transient primary hypothyroidism in the newborn: experience of the Victorian Neonatal Thyroid Screening Programme.

Between May 1977 and December 1986, the Victorian Thyroid Screening Programme tested approximately 570,000 newborns for congenital hypothyroidism. One hundred and sixty-six cases of primary hypothyroidism, confirmed by formal thyroid function tests, were identified, of which 24 were later found to be transient. In addition, there were two patients with permanent dyshormonogenesis who passed through a stage of being biochemically euthyroid and so could have been diagnosed mistakenly as transient hypothyroidism. Fourteen of the transient cases were due to excessive intake of iodine. In two, this was due to maternal ingestion of iodide during pregnancy and in 12 the babies received large amounts of topical iodine antiseptic. Two cases were caused by maternal anti-thyroid antibodies and in eight instances the cause was unknown. The large number of cases due to the topical application of iodine antiseptic emphasizes the need for caution when using this substance in neonates.

Female↗

PubMed1985