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Biomedical subjects

K McKinley

Publications and source records attributed to K McKinley.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Examination-related feedback, mood and helping: a correlational study.

The association of mood with helping was examined. College students (N = 62) self-reported mood before and after receiving feedback (numerical score and letter grade) on an examination administered during the previous class session. Helping measures included the number of sessions in which they were willing to serve and the number of names in a list of 120 checked for spelling. Analysis indicated that examination scores were negatively correlated with negative affect (r = -.69) and positively correlated with positive affect (r = 51); however, there was no statistically significant relationship between mood and helping.

Achievement↗
PubMed1995

Altered muscle calcium channel binding kinetics in autoimmune motoneuron disease.

While skeletal muscle is not apparently affected directly in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), immunoglobulin G fractions purified from patients with ALS (ALS IgG) bind dihydropyridine (DHP)-sensitive L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antigen isolated from skeletal muscle in ELISA and Western immunoblot, and alter VGCC function in vitro. To determine whether muscle VGCC properties are altered in ALS, VGCC-enriched subsarcolemmal membrane fractions were prepared from biopsied quadriceps muscle of patients with ALS, with other neurologic diseases, or without apparent muscle disease, and tested for DHP binding with [3H]PN200-110. ALS muscle VGCCs possessed eightfold higher binding affinities for [3H]PN200-110 than did VGCCs from muscle fractions of most other patients, independent of denervation-induced increases in DHP binding site number. Similarly elevated DHP binding affinities were observed in specimens from patients with autoimmune motor neuropathies, suggesting that ALS and immune mediated motoneuron disease share skeletal muscle L-type VGCC alterations.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1992

Tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway in patients with the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the metabolism of L-tryptophan (LT) via the kynurenine pathway in patients with the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS). METHODS: Measurement of LT, L-kynurenine, and quinolinic acid in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from subjects with EMS, from asymptomatic users of LT, and from normal subjects. RESULTS: Plasma LT concentrations were lower in untreated EMS patients (n = 5) than in corticosteroid-treated EMS patients (n = 5; P less than 0.05) and in asymptomatic users of LT (n = 5; P less than 0.05). Untreated EMS patients, who had discontinued LT weeks to months prior to study, had significantly higher plasma levels of L-kynurenine and quinolinic acid than did corticosteroid-treated EMS patients (P less than 0.05), normal subjects (P less than 0.02), and asymptomatic users of LT (P less than 0.05). EMS patients also had significantly elevated levels of L-kynurenine (P less than 0.05) and quinolinic acid (P less than 0.001) in CSF compared with normal subjects. After a 1-gm oral dose of LT, untreated EMS patients (n = 4) showed lower peak levels of LT and accentuated synthesis of L-kynurenine and quinolinic acid, compared with these values in corticosteroid-treated EMS patients (n = 2), who responded like normal subjects (n = 5). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that during the active phase of EMS, LT metabolism via the kynurenine pathway was accentuated, probably secondary to induction of the enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase. Ingestion of large amounts of LT (median daily dose 1.5 gm) resulted in high concentrations of kynurenine-pathway metabolites in blood and extrahepatic tissues, which was accentuated in EMS patients and which may have played a significant role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Ca2+ current and charge movement in adult single human skeletal muscle fibres.

1. The Vaseline-gap technique was used to record calcium currents (ICa) and charge movement in single cut fibres from normal human muscle. Experiments were carried out in 2 or 10 mM-extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) and at 17 or 27 degrees C. 2. The passive electrical properties of the fibres with this technique were: membrane resistance for unit length rm = 59.4 k omega cm; longitudinal resistance per unit length ri = 4.9 M omega/cm; longitudinal resistance per unit length under the Vaseline seals re = 438 M omega/cm; specific membrane resistance Rm = 1.176 k omega cm2; input capacitance = 5.53 nF; specific membrane capacitance = 8.9 microF/cm2. 3. The maximum amplitude of ICa at 17 degrees C was: in 2 mM [Ca2+]o, -0.42 microA/microF and in 10 mM [Ca2+]o, -1.44 microA/microF. At 27 degrees C and in 10 mM [Ca2+]o, it increased to -3.04 microA/microF. The calculated temperature coefficient (Q10) for the increase in amplitude from 17 to 27 degrees C was 2.1. 4. Ca2+ permeability (PCa) was calculated using the Goldman-Katz relation; in 2 mM [Ca2+]o at 17 degrees C, PCa = 1.26 x 10(-6) cm/s; in 10 mM [Ca2+]o at 17 degrees C, PCa = 2.23 x 10(-6) cm/s; in 10 mM [Ca2+]o at 27 degrees C, PCa = 4.03 x 10(-6) cm/s. 5. The activation curve calculated from the PCa was shifted by 10 mV to positive potentials when raising [Ca2+]o from 2 to 10 mM. Increasing the temperature did not change the curve. The mid-point potentials (Va 1/2) and steepness (k) of the activation curves were: at 17 degrees C, in 2 mM [Ca2+]o, Va 1/2 = -1.53 mV and k = 6.7 mV; in 10 mM [Ca2+]o, Va 1/2 = 9.96 mV and k = 6.8 mV; at 27 degrees C and 10 mM [Ca2+]o, Va 1/2 = 11.3 mV and k = 7.7 mV. The activation time constant in 10 mM [Ca2+]o reached a plateau at potentials positive to 10 mV, with a value of 93.8 ms at 17 degrees C and 17.4 ms at 27 degrees C. The calculated Q10 was 4.5. 6. The deactivation of the current was studied from tail currents at different membrane potentials in 10 mM [Ca2+]o.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Calcium↗
PubMed1983

Infants weighing 1,000 grams or less at birth: developmental outcome for ventilated and nonventilated infants.

The neurodevelopmental outcome at a mean age of 40 months was investigated in 23/25 surviving infants of birth weights less than or equal to 1,000 gm. Eight infants required intubation and assisted ventilation and 17 were not ventilated. One ventilated infant was lost to follow-up and one nonventilated infant was a victim of sudden infant death syndrome at age 6 months. Fifteen (65%) had a good outcome but the differences between ventilated and nonventilated infants were striking. Thirteen (81%) of the nonventilated group were normal, but only two ventilated survivors (28%) were normal (P less than 0.05). Cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia occurred in three (43%) of the ventilated survivors and in none of the nonventilated infants (P less than .02). The requirement for assisted ventilation in these very low-birth-weight infants is associated with significant morbidity. Improvement in outcome may depend as much upon better understanding and management of prenatal events as upon improvements in neonatal care.

Developmental Disabilities↗
PubMed1981

Outcome for survivors of mechanical ventilation weighing less than 1,250 gm at birth.

We investigated the outcome in 28 survivors of mechanical ventilation weighing less than 1,250 gm at birth. Fifteen infants (54%) had neurodevelopmental sequelae, of whom eight had major handicaps. These eight infants differed significantly from the rest of the infants studied in the following manner: lower mean birth weight and gestational age, delay in transportation to our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and high incidence of bacterial sepsis. The remaining seven infants with NDS were functionally normal or minimally impaired at the time of the study, although significant problems may yet emerge with continued follow-up. Retrolental fibroplasia was diagnosed in 11 infants (39%) and resolved in two. The development of RLF was associated with prolonged oxygen exposure and the presence of bacterial sepsis. However, since major handicap, RLF, and sepsis were all problems observed in the smallest infants, a cause-and-effect relationship between sepsis and these sequelae remains speculative.

Bacterial Infections↗