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Biomedical subjects

K Michalova

Publications and source records attributed to K Michalova.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Disease status in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia is better characterized by BCR-ABL/BCR transcript ratio than by BCR-ABL transcript level, which may suggest a role of normal BCR gene in the disease pathogenesis.

Monitoring of BCR-ABL transcript level is widely used in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to follow up response to therapy. In this study we compare abilities of two quantitative RT-PCR assays to characterize the disease status in CML patients: RT-PCR quantifying the BCR-ABL transcript concentration and RT-PCR determining the BCR-ABL/BCR transcript ratio (R). We demonstrate that in non-responders only R, but not BCR-ABL, unambiguously characterizes the state of disease. Moreover, R values >1 found in all poor responders indicate lower BCR expression compared to BCR- ABL in these patients. Our results demonstrate the importance of BCR-ABL/BCR transcript ratio for the disease status and the disease prognosis characterization and suggest a possible role of the normal BCR gene expression in CML pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of the exercise ECG and stress myocardial SPECT in detection of the significant coronary artery disease in the asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is known to be a risk factor of the coronary heart disease even in the asymptomatic patients. Only a limited number of reports comparing the significance of different noninvasive stress tests in establishing the diagnosis of the advanced coronary lesions exists. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare the significance of 12-lead exercise ECG and the myocardial SPECT in order to detect the significant coronary heart disease in asymptomatic type 2 diabetics. METHODS: 126 type 2 diabetic patients with negative history and no clinical or electrocardiographic signs of coronary heart disease were examined with the exercise ECG and the stress myocardial SPECT. The selective coronary angiography (SCG) was recommended to all patients with an abnormal SPECT or (and) a positive exercise ECG. The SCG was recommended to patients with equivocal results of the stress myocardial SPECT as well. RESULTS: 33 out of 126 examined patients (26.2%) had an abnormal, 33 equivocal and 60 normal stress myocardial SPECT. The exercise test could be evaluated in 99 examined patients (78%). 25 diabetics had positive test (19.8%). The correlation between the results of 2 tests was very good (p=0.0001). 38 patients had SCG, 24 with the abnormal SPECT, 13 with equivocal and 1 with normal SPECT. Out of these 20 patients had positive, 10 negative and 8 non-assessable exercise ECG. The relation between the presence of significant coronary stenosis (stenosis >70%) and the presence of abnormal stress myocardial SPECT was stronger (p=0.006) when compared with the positive exercise test (p=0.037). For the significant coronary stenosis the positive predictive value was 90% with the stress myocardial SPECT and 68% with the exercise ECG. CONCLUSION: The significance of the exercise ECG is lower predominantly due to high proportion of patients with non-assessable results. For the presence of significant coronary stenosis the positive predictive value of the stress myocardial SPECT is better than that of the exercise ECG. (Tab. 2, Ref: 25.)

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1999

Computer modeling of visual impairment caused by intraocular lens misalignment.

PURPOSE: To evaluate a computer program to modulate the visual impairment caused by intraocular lens (IOL) misalignment and visualize results obtained by numerical calculations. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. METHODS: The optic imagery of a Landolt circle was calculated using a ray-tracing computer program. Visual aberrations resulting from a decentered and/or tilted IOL were studied using this program and compared with theoretical calculations. RESULTS: The IOL decentration and/or tilt shifted the postoperative refractive errors toward myopia and astigmatism (oblique). The combination of IOL decentration and tilt produced a refractive error that depended on the relationship between the geometrical axes of the decentration and tilt. The refractive error can be enhanced or diminished depending on the relationship of these axes. CONCLUSIONS: These findings verify the results calculated by paraxial vergence equations. A ray-tracing program simulated the optic imagery for various kinds of IOL misalignment and IOL optic properties.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1991

Consecutive chromosomal studies in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Czechoslovak MDS Cooperative Group.

In order to detect a possible relationship between clonal chromosomal abnormalities acquired during the course of the disease and its prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) the authors have performed consecutive analyses in 77 patients with this disease. They were part of the large series of 209 patients cytogenetically examined during the last ten years. According to the cytogenetic findings we have distinguished three groups: 1) sixteen patients who has a normal karyotype in bone marrow cells at the beginning of the investigation and this finding remained unchanged during the course of the disease. Three of them progressed into acute leukemia (AL) without any detectable change in the chromosomal complement of the bone marrow cells; 2) twenty-five patients who had at the beginning of the study, different pathological chromosomal clones in bone marrow cells. There was no chromosomal evolution detectable during the disease; eight of them progressed into acute leukemia; 3) thirty-six patients who had either normal or pathological chromosomal findings at the first examination and in whom further clonal abnormalities had developed during the course of the disease. Twelve of them progressed into acute leukemia. Two to nine cytogenetic examinations were successfully performed with a mean of three studies per patient. The results confirmed strictly individual development of chromosomal abnormalities during the course of the disease, with an unfavorable prognosis for the patients with complex chromosomal changes. Three patients with del 7q had very poor prognosis with rapid progression of the disease. Two cases with the same acquired abnormalities (del 20q, +8, -22) transformed into acute leukemia within the period of 36 months from the onset of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Chromosomes in myelodysplastic syndrome: structural abnormalities of chromosome 11. Czechoslovak MDS Cooperative Group.

In a series of 121 consecutive patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), studied in two laboratories, of which 87 (71.9%) had abnormal karyotypes, twelve had a structural abnormality of the long arm of chromosome 11 (13.8%). There were six deletions, one ring chromosome and five reciprocal translocations, all involving a chromosome band 11q23. Of these twelve patients, five had a refractory anemia (RA) and seven a refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB). RA was associated more frequently with 11q deletions as the sole abnormality, while translocations or multiple chromosome abnormalities were commonly associated with RAEB. The study shows that the 11q aberrations represent frequent structural chromosome rearrangements in MDS.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1988

Chromosome study of 85 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

We studied bone marrow chromosomes in 85 consecutive patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Fifty-seven (67%) had a clone with an abnormal karyotype at diagnosis. Eight had secondary MDS, all with abnormal karyotypes. The frequency of abnormal karyotypes in the primary MDS was 64.9%. During subsequent follow-up, five patients acquired chromosome abnormalities; thus, at the end of the study, 72.0% of patients had an abnormal karyotype. The most frequent chromosome abnormalities were 5q-, +8, -7, -5, and -22. Forty patients (i.e., 70% of those with an abnormal karyotype and 47% of the whole group) had one of the karyotype abnormalities associated with secondary MDS or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia; in other words, 5q- or -5, or -7. Of all patients, 21.1% progressed into ANLL. Unfavorable prognostic factors associated with the risk of evolution into ANLL and with shorter overall survival were the presence of greater than 5% of bone marrow blasts, major chromosome abnormalities, and monosomy 7.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Chromosome localization of the human insulin gene in transgenic mouse lines.

Three transgenic mouse lines, Tg 74, Tg 174, and Tg 171, were obtained by microinjection of an 11-kb human DNA fragment carrying the insulin gene into pronuclei of fertilized mouse eggs. The human insulin gene was expressed in all three transgenic mouse lines as shown by the presence of human C peptide in serum and urine and of human insulin transcripts in RNA prepared from pancreas. Several copies of the human DNA fragment arranged in head-to-tail arrays were present in each line. The human DNA insert was transmitted to the progeny as a single genetic locus. The chromosomal integration of the human insulin transgene was directly demonstrated by in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes of mitotic cells prepared from spleen and bone marrow. The insert appeared unique and located on a different chromosome in each line, namely 7 for Tg 74, 13 for Tg 174, and 18 for TG 171. Separation of DNA fragments larger than 20 kb by pulse-field electrophoresis showed that several insertion sites were present in each chromosome locus. This is the first direct evidence in transgenic mice that a gene located at various chromosome loci can be correctly expressed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The association between left ventricle diastolic dysfunction and endothelial dysfunction and the results of stress myocardial SPECT in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a poor cardiovascular prognosis. Stress myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reliably detects coronary ischaemia in asymptomatic patients. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between systolic and diastolic left ventricular function, left ventricular hypertrophy, endothelial function and the results of stress myocardial SPECT in 126 patients with type 2 diabetic patients with no cardiovascular symptoms. Thirty-three patients (26%) had abnormal SPECT results, 33 patients (26%) had intermediate (equivocal) results, and 60 patients (48%) had normal results. We found a significant association between an abnormal SPECT result, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and impaired post-ischaemic dilatation of the brachial artery. No association was found between the SPECT result and systolic function and left ventricular hypertrophy, however. An abnormal SPECT result was significantly associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and the deterioration of post-ischaemic dilatation of the brachial artery in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The significance of carotid artery plaques in the detection of coronary artery disease in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients.

This study aimed to evaluate whether there was any association between carotid artery ultrasound parameters and the results of stress myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and coronarography in 126 asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. Thirty-three (26%) patients had an abnormal SPECT result, 33 (26%) had an intermediate result and 60 (48%) had a normal result. Carotid ultrasound demonstrated a significant association between an abnormal SPECT result and the presence of atheroma plaques and reduced distensibility of the common carotid artery, but there was no association with intima-media thickness (IMT). In 38 diabetic patients who agreed to be examined with selective coronarography, significant coronary stenosis (at least one stenosis > or = 70%) was diagnosed in 22 (58%) patients. A significant association was demonstrated between significant coronary stenosis and the presence of atheroma plaques; however, there was no association between stenosis and reduced distensibility of the common carotid artery or IMT.

Aged↗