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Biomedical subjects

K Mimura

Publications and source records attributed to K Mimura.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia associated with chronic nephritis].

A 48-year-old female who had general fatigue was admitted to our hospital. She had swelling of the axillary, inguinal, and paraaortic lymph nodes and mediastinal lesions. Laboratory examinations showed anemia, polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia with IgG 5570 mg/dl, renal dysfunction and interstitial changes of the lungs. Microscopic findings of hematoxylin-eosin staining in biopsy specimens of the left inguinal and axillary lymph nodes revealed increased levels of infiltration of mature plasma cells without evidence of malignancy. Immunoperoxidase staining showed intracytoplasmic polyclonal immunoglobulin. These findings were identical to those of idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (IPL) described by Mori et al. (1980). The specimens also showed evidence of chronic nephritis with infiltration of lymph cells and a slight invasion of plasma cells. Accordingly this case was diagnosed as IPL with renal involvement, which is associated with chronic nephritis. Recently, five cases of IPL with renal dysfunction have been reported. In particular, two cases of IPL with renal dysfunction, which included our case, revealed an increased level of IL6. These findings suggest that the occurrence of renal involvement with IPL may be related to changes in IL6, which is an important factor in the pathogenesis of IPL.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

[A case of syndrome X whose hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension were improved as accompanying with decreased insulin resistance].

A 60-year-old man was admitted to the Kyushu University Hospital because of poor glycemic control of diabetes mellitus. Although he had been treated with glicrazide and nifedipine for his diabetes and hypertension, the controls of the diseases were unsatisfactory. Plasma triglyceride level was 186 mg/dl. Furthermore, extreme insulin resistance was found by measuring glucose infusion rate with an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp method. These findings were compatible to those seen in syndrome X. After admission, diet therapy of 1,800 Cal was started and his metabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension were all improved. Moreover, euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp study also revealed a decreased insulin resistance after diet therapy. Our experience from the case suggested that insulin resistance may closely related with the metabolic disorders of the disease "syndrome X".

Diet, Reducing↗
PubMed1993

Change in oligomeric structure of solubilized Na+/K(+)-ATPase induced by octaethylene glycol dodecyl ether, phosphatidylserine and ATP.

Membrane-bound Na+/K(+)-ATPase purified from dog kidney was solubilized with octaethylene glycol dodecyl ether (C12E8), and the resultant solubilized enzyme was chromatographed on a TSKgel G4000SWXL or G3000SWXL column equilibrated with elution buffers containing various ligands affecting oligomerization of the enzyme. Weight-averaged molecular weight (Mw) values for the main protein components eluted were estimated by low-angle laser light-scattering photometry. With increasing concentration of C12E8 included in the elution buffer from 0.1 to 5 mg/ml, the Mw decreased from 230,000 to 153,000, indicating that C12E8 induced dissociation of the enzyme. In contrast, the Mw of the protein component increased up to 1.44.10(6) as the concentration of phosphatidylserine (PS) added to the elution buffer containing a fixed concentration of 0.3 mg/ml C12E8 was increased to 120 micrograms/ml. The association and/or aggregation were reversible by removal of the PS by rechromatography. Addition of PS to the elution buffer also allowed the solubilized enzyme to exhibit ATPase activity comparable to that of the membrane-bound enzyme during passage through the column. This was also the case with phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylinositol, but not with phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine. The specific refractive index increment (dn/dcp) of the solubilized enzyme was increased by addition of exogenous PG or PS, strongly suggesting that the phospholipid became bound to the enzyme, and that it induced association of the enzyme. The association induced by PS was inhibited by ATP and ADP, but not AMP. The concentrations for half-maximal inhibition were 0.44 mM for ATP and 0.88 mM for ADP. The PS-induced associated enzyme isolated by chromatography in the presence of 120 micrograms/ml PS was dissociated by ATP with K0.5 of 0.16 mM. The dissociating effect of C12E8, ATP and ADP and the associating effect of PS on the solubilized enzyme are consistent with the reports that C12E8 mimics the effect of regulatory ATP at the low-affinity site on the conformational transition from E2 to E1, and that phospholipids are essential for the reverse transition from E1 to E2. The results can be explained by assuming that the enzyme takes the form of a loosely associated diprotomer in the E1 state and a tightly associated one in the E2 state.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1993

Fatal traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of the vertebral artery.

An unusual case of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to rupture of the intracranial vertebral artery is reported. A drunk 51-year-old man received blows with a fist to the face and lost consciousness. A massive basal SAH was identified by CT-scan. Autopsy revealed a rupture of the vertebral artery but no skull fracture or cerebral contusion.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Apolipoprotein E polymorphism affects the response to pravastatin on plasma apolipoproteins in diabetic patients.

In the present study, we examined the levels of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with hypercholesterolemia in different apolipoprotein E (apo E) phenotypes. We also examined the influences of apo E polymorphism on the response to pravastatin. The patients were divided into three groups, E4/E3, E3/E3, and E3/E2. There were no differences in the baseline levels of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins, except that the level of triglycerides in E3/E2 heterozygotes was significantly higher than E3/E3 homozygotes. Three months of pravastatin administration significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in each group to the same degree. We observed a significant reduction of apo B both in the E4/E3 and E3/E3 groups and apo E in the E3/E3 group. Such reduction was not observed in the E3/E2 group. We conclude that pravastatin is a potent drug to correct lipid abnormalities, particularly in NIDDM patients with apo E4/E3 and E3/E3. In the E3/E2 group, its effectiveness may be diminished.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Superoxide dismutase with prolonged in vivo half-life inhibits intravascular hemolysis and renal injury in burned rats.

Although superoxide radicals and related metabolites have been postulated to underlie the pathogenesis of burn injury, critical evidence supporting this hypothesis is lacking. To test whether superoxide radicals play critical roles in burn injury, the effect of a superoxide dismutase (SOD) derivative (SM-SOD) was tested on intravascular hemolysis and renal tubular injury in rats subjected to burn shock. Within 3 hours after a given full-thickness burn of approximately 24% of body surface area, plasma levels of lipid peroxides increased significantly with concomitant increase in intravascular hemolysis. Histological examination showed a marked deposition of hemoglobin-like casts in renal tubules of the burned rats. Intravenous administration of SM-SOD (10 mg/kg) 30 minutes before the burn injury significantly inhibited the increase of plasma lipid peroxides and the occurrence of intravascular hemolysis. SM-SOD also inhibited the deposition of casts in renal tubules. These results indicate that superoxide radicals play critical roles in the pathogenesis of intravascular hemolysis and renal damage induced by burn injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Isolated fracture-dislocation of the sacrum: case report.

An unusual case of isolated fracture-dislocation of the sacrum is reported. A 19-year-old woman had a fracture-dislocation of S-1-2 combined with two longitudinal fractures of the sacrum, but no other pelvic fractures were identified. The possible mechanisms of fracture-dislocation of the sacrum are discussed. The fracture site was identified accurately on a CT scan. Pain relief was obtained by application of an external fixator. A mild neurologic deficit in the S-1 root distribution disappeared uneventfully.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Recovery of muscle power after high-intensity short-term exercise: comparing boys and men.

This study was conducted to determine whether boys differ from men in their ability to recover from high-intensity exercise. Two groups of volunteers, 8 prepubertal boys (9-12 yr) and 8 young men (19-23 yr), were similar in their peak oxygen uptake (49.6 +/- 6.6 vs. 51.1 +/- 6.6 ml.min-1 x kg-1), adiposity, and activity levels. On three different occasions subjects performed two consecutive 30-s all-out cycling tasks [Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT)], separated by a 1-, 2-, or 10-min recovery interval. In the boys, mean power reached 89.9 +/- 3.6% of the initial value after 1 min of recovery, 96.4 +/- 2.3% after 2 min, and 103.5 +/- 1.3% after 10 min. For the men, the values were 71.2 +/- 2.6, 77.1 +/- 2.4, and 94.0 +/- 1.3%, respectively (boys vs. men, P < 0.0001). Relative to the external work performed during the first WAnT, the boys had a higher net oxygen uptake (exercise--resting) during the test than the men (83.8 +/- 18.4 vs. 57.8 +/- 6.1 ml/kJ). After the WAnT, the net CO2 output and the respiratory exchange ratio were lower in the boys, and they recovered faster. It was concluded that boys recover faster than men from high-intensity short-term exercise. This may reflect a lower reliance on glycolysis during the WAnT in the boys, leading to less acidosis. It is also possible that the boys had a faster postexercise removal of metabolites.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Relationship between aging and hydroxyproline content of serum in human being].

The authors have studied the effects of physical exercise on extracellular substances of several tissues in animals. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) exist in the form of peptide and the free state in blood. It is generally thought that Hyp in blood derived from the decomposition of collagen in tissue. To clarify the influence on collagen metabolism due to aging and exercise training, we attempted to see the changes of Hyp content of serum before and after exercise in human being. Subjects were 51 adult aged 20 to 74 years, and 10 nonathletes and 51 athletes, aged 18 to 22 years. The Hyp content in serum was measured by woessner's method. The Hyp content of serum decreased with age. This fact suggests that the formation of intramolecular and intermolecular cross-links in collagen of tissue is accelerated by aging. And there is a possibility that the proportion of insoluble collagen increased in tissue of aged human being. Before the exercise, Hyp content of serum in athlete was lower than that in nonathletes. Hyp content of serum increased remarkably after the exercise in athlete. These results suggest that the collagen metabolism may be accelerated by continuous exercise training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Effective inhibition of hydroxyl radicals by hydroxylated biphenyl compounds.

In aqueous media, approximate rate constants for the reactions between hydroxyl radicals (.OH) and biphenyl compounds such as dehydrodieugenol, magnolol, honokiol, dehydrodidihydroeugenol, dehydrodivanillyl alcohol, and dehydrodicreosol were estimated by competition reactions for .OH between these biphenyls and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO). By measuring the decrease in the height of the EPR signals of the .OH spin adduct, rate constants in the order of 10(9) to 10(10) M were measured.

Biphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed1992

Hydroxyl radical formation by UV-irradiated epidermal cells.

To elucidate the mechanism of sunlight-induced skin damage, guinea pigs were exposed to UV light (280-320 nm, UV B, 4 J/cm2) and a homogenate of the epidermis was examined by means of the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test. Three hours after the exposure, TBA-malondialdehyde adducts had increased while glutathione reductase activity had decreased, indicating lipid peroxidation. To detect the initial species, spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) was applied to a suspension of illuminated epidermal cells (0.5 J/cm2). An ESR signal obtained only with irradiation comprised a 1:2:2:1 quartet [a(N)= a(beta H) = 1.49 mT] attributable to a spin adduct of hydroxyl radicals. These results suggest that sunlight exposure of skin may lead to hydroxyl radical generation and simultaneous lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory tract infection prevailing among infants at a nursery school].

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection in infants had been considered to be very rare, but recently some clinical cases have been reported. We experienced an epidemic of M. pneumoniae infection in a nursery school, and compared M. pneumoniae infection in infants with that in preschool and school children to investigate the features of infantile M. pneumoniae infection. We obtained the following clinical findings in 15 infantile patients with M. pneumoniae infection: The maximum body temperature scarcely increased to 38.5 degrees C or more and the period of high temperature and cough was shorter in infant patients than in preschool and school aged patients. Stridor occurred in 4 patients but skin disorder was not observed. In the laboratory findings, the white blood cell count tended to increase with no changes in neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and CRP increased slightly. M. pneumoniae antibody was negative in all the patients except 3 and old hemagglutination tests were positive in only 4 patients. The chest X-ray examinations showed a mild increase in the hilar shadow. However, the sequentially located homogeneous shadow which is commonly seen in preschool and school aged patients was not detected. M. pneumoniae antibody scarcely increased in infantile patients but M. pneumoniae was isolated by throat culture from 14 of the 15 patients who were diagnosed as having M. pneumoniae infection.

Child Day Care Centers↗
PubMed1992

Seroepidemiology status of Nepalese against hemolytic streptococcal infection in Katmandu.

Immune status of apparently healthy Nepalese against hemolytic streptococci was studied by measuring antibodies to various streptococcal antigens such as streptolysin-O (SO), streptokinase (SK), deoxyribonuclease-B (DN-B) and streptococcal polysaccharide (SP). The normal range of anti-streptolysin-O (ASO), anti-streptokinase (ASK), anti-deoxyribonuclease-B (ADN-B) and anti-Streptococcus polysaccharide (ASP) was 60-480 (T.U.), 40-1024 (titer), 60-1280 (titer) and less than 2-128 (Unit), respectively. No difference was observed between the two sexes. ASO and ADN-B were measured by the neutralization method. Passive hemagglutination (PHA) was used to measure ASK and ASP. These values were 2-3 fold higher than those obtained on the Japanese subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effect of glucose on Na, K-ATPase activity in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.

The effect of high concentrations of glucose on Na, K-ATPase activity and the polyol pathway was studied using cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Na, K-ATPase activity was expressed as ouabain-sensitive K+ uptake. A significant decrease in Na, K-ATPase activity with an intracellular accumulation of sorbitol was found in confluent endothelial cells incubated with 400 mg/dl glucose for 96 h. However, there was no significant change in the Na, K-ATPase activity or sorbitol content of the cells incubated with 100 mg/dl glucose plus 300 mg/dl mannitol. The decrease in Na, K-ATPase induced by the high glucose concentration was restored by the simultaneous addition of 10(-4) M ponalrestat (ICI 128,436; Statil), an aldose reductase inhibitor. The addition of this agent also significantly reduced the increase in sorbitol induced by high glucose levels. These results suggest that the decrease in Na, K-ATPase activity induced in cultured aortic endothelial cells by high concentrations of glucose may be caused in part by the accumulation of sorbitol.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1992

Effect of pravastatin on serum lipids, apolipoproteins and lipoprotein (a) in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

In 43 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) associated with hypercholesterolemia, the effect of pravastatin, a potent HMG CoA-reductase inhibitor, on serum lipids, apolipoproteins and lipoprotein (a) was examined. After 1 to 3 months administration of 10 mg per day of pravastatin, the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased, while the serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased in patients with NIDDM. The levels of apolipoproteins B (apo B) and E were significantly decreased, while apolipoprotein AI (apo A-I) was not changed by the administration of pravastatin. The atherogenic indices (LDL-C/HDL-C and apo B/apo A-I) were significantly decreased by the administration of this drug. The serum lipoprotein (a), which was increased in the diabetic patients, was not affected by the pravastatin treatment. Plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels were not affected by the treatment. We concluded that pravastatin is a potentially useful agent in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in patients with NIDDM.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1992

Effects of brief physical exercise on the concentrations of immunoreactive superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in human plasma.

Effects of cycle ergometer exercise (approximately 75% VO2max for 15 min) on the concentrations of immunoreactive Mn- and CuZn-superoxide dismutases (SOD) in plasma were studied on 10 male students. During the experimental period, Mn-SOD concentration did not vary substantially. On the other hand, CuZn-SOD concentration decreased markedly at 15 min and 24 hr after the exercise; that is, CuZn-SOD appeared to differ virtually from Mn-SOD in recovery pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prevention of aortic calcification in patients on hemodialysis by long-term administration of vitamin E.

The effects of vitamin E on the progress of atherosclerosis in patients on hemodialysis was investigated clinically using ACI. There was a significant suppression of the increase in ACI in group A, compared to group B, at the time of observation in each year. On the other hand, no significant changes were noted in BWD, CTR, BP and blood chemical examination, except that the level of MDA was significantly decreased in group A as compared with that in group B 4 years later. Since ACI is an index representing atherosclerosis, the results of this study seemed to suggest that the progress of atherosclerosis was suppressed by long-term administration of vitamin E in patients on hemodialysis.

Aortic Diseases↗