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Biomedical subjects

K Minde

Publications and source records attributed to K Minde.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Maternal behavior and attachment in low-birth-weight twins and singletons.

Early mother-infant interaction and later security of attachment were assessed for 17 pairs of twins, 5 singleton survivors of twin pairs, and 20 singletons, all low-birth-weight preterm infants. Mother and infant behavior during home observations at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 9 months was rated on scales developed by Ainsworth and Egeland and Brunquell. A, B, and C patterns of behavior in the Strange Situation conformed to the frequencies predicted from prior full-term samples and were not affected by twinship. However, the proportion of B1 and B4 dyads in the B group significantly exceeded that predicted from normative data. Mothers in B2 and B3 dyads were rated more sensitive and responsive than all others at all 4 observations. Contrary to our expectations that mothers in A and C dyads would receive the lowest ratings, this occurred only at 6 weeks. At later observations mothers in B1 and B4 dyads consistently received the lowest ratings. The discussion focuses on possible reasons for this unexpected finding.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

Maternal caretaking and play with full-term and premature infants.

The contribution of past psychological experiences of the mother and medical complications of the infant to differences in caretaking of pre- and full-term infants are examined. Twenty full- and 20 pre-term matched mother-infant dyads were studied during a feed and play 1, 2 and 3 months after the expected date of birth. Full-term infants were more active than pre-terms at 4 weeks only. Mother of pre-terms showed differences in their interactions at all times. Interactions were related to maternal experiences in full-term infants only. Degree of neonatal illness was correlated with behavioral disorganization of premature infants, leading to differences in caretaking style.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The burned child--scarred for life? A study of the psychosocial impact of a burn injury at different developmental stages.

Several studies examining the psychosocial adjustment of child burn victims have resulted in contradictory conclusions, possibly because of their diverse methodology and poorly defined outcome measures. Using a standardized behaviour rating scale this study found that adolescent burn victims show a markedly poorer psychosocial adjustment when compared with younger burned children. Visible burns, emotional distress in the mother, and multiple home moves were all associated with poorer psychosocial adjustment in adolescence for burned children.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

The 'hyperactive syndrome' in kindergarten children: comparison of children with pervasive and situational symptoms.

Three groups of kindergarten-aged children referred for hyperactivity who varied with regard to symptom pervasiveness were compared to each other and to normal controls on a variety of biological, psychological and behavioural variables. The findings yielded only partial support for those of other studies addressing this issue. Biological and psychological test data did not differentiate the various groups of children. The clearest differentiation between groups emerged when children were observed directly. The findings are discussed with respect to the usefulness of the distinction of pervasive and situational symptomatology and the problems of diagnosis with children in this age group.

Aggression↗
PubMed1983

Effect of neonatal complications in premature infants on early parent-infant interactions.

A total of 184 infants in a neonatal intensive care unit with birthweights less than 1501 g were rated daily on a Morbidity Scale covering the 20 most common diseases and pathophysiological states in neonatology, the severity of each condition being rated on a scale of 0 to 3. To measure the impact of various degrees of complications on parental caretaking style, 20 infants with serious medical complications were paired with 20 infants who had a comparatively easy medical course. Both groups were observed during maternal visits to the hospital and again during a feeding three months after discharge home. Sick infants showed significantly less motor movements when ill but after recovery were similar to well infants of the same age. Parents visiting sick infants interacted far less with their infants than did parents of well babies, and this continued after recovery. It also persisted at home two months after the expected date of delivery. In addition, mothers whose infants had been seriously ill for less than 17 days interacted with them significantly more than mothers whose babies had been ill for over 35 days. While maternal background variables predicted the level of maternal activity with the comparatively well infants and those with short illnesses, they did not do so in the group of infants with long illnesses.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of the relative effectiveness of methylphenidate and cognitive behavior modification in the treatment of kindergarten-aged hyperactive children.

This study of kindergarten-aged hyperactive children evaluated the effects of three modes of treatment in relation to an untreated control group. The treatments were administered over a 3-month period and included cognitive behavior modification, methylphenidate, and the two treatments combined. A follow-up assessment was done approximately 1 year later at the end of the first grade. Analyses of psychological, rating scale observational, and interview data showed that hyperactive children became less symptomatic over time; the data did not provide evidence indicating that any of the treatments studied was more effective than any other or than no treatment at all.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1980

Self-help groups in a premature nursery-a controlled evaluation.

This study examined the effect discussion groups, held in a neonatal intensive care unit with parents of very small premature infants, had on various measures of later parenting competence. Twenth-eight families who met for seven to ten weeks with a nurse co-ordinator and a "veteran mother" who had given birth to a premature infant within the past year were compared with 29 control families. Parents who had participated in the groups visited their infants significantly more often in hospital than did the control parents. They also touched, talked, and looked at their infants in the en face position more during their visits, and rated themselves as more competent on a number of infant care measures. Three months after discharge of the infants, group mothers continued to show more involvement with their babies during feedings and were more concerned about their general development. The implications of such self-help groups for the later development of high-risk premature infants is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Behavioral development of premature infants: an ethological approach.

This study examines the motor and social development of 21 very small preterm infants up to 34 weeks post-conceptional age. Seven infants were born at 26 to 27 weeks gestation, seven at 28 to 30 weeks and seven at 31 to 32 weeks. They were all physically healthy, as were their mothers. All the infants were observed for 40 minutes twice weekly, using a continuous recording technique. 12 types of infant behavior were recorded. The results indicate that the mean percentage and mean duration of both gross motor movements and 'social' behavior of these small infants do not vary between 26 and 34 weeks post-conceptional age. Moreover, infants born at 26 and 27 weeks gestation showed the same distribution of behaivor during their hospital stay as those born at 28 to 30 or 31 to 32 weeks. There was little individual stability over the weeks in the level of motor activity and social behaivor displayed by the infants, which implies that the behavior of these infants is generally variable as long as they remain physically healthy.

Child Development↗
PubMed1978

The hyperactive child at adolescence: cognitive, emotional, and social functioning.

In view of the paucity of detailed follow-up studies on hyperactive children, the performance of 15 adolescents diagnosed hyperactive 5 years previously was compared to that of a control group of equivalent age, sex, intelligence, and social class. Eleven cognitive tests measuring sustained attention, visual-motor and motor skills, abstraction, and reading ability, as well as three self-assessment tests examining self-esteem, activity level, social functioning, academic status, and career aspirations were administered. The hyperactives performed significantly worse than the controls on the sustained attention, visual-motor, and motor tasks, and on two of the four reading tests. They also gave themselves significantly lower ratings on some of the self-esteem and sociability items. It would appear that the hyperactives at adolescence still have attentional and stimulus-processing difficulties, which affect not only their academic performance but also their social functioning.

Achievement↗
PubMed1978

Mother-child relationships in the premature nursery: an observational study.

In an attempt to develop objective criteria for the process of mother-child bonding, 18 premature infants with a birth weight of less than 1,501 gm were regularly observed alone and together with their mothers during each nursery visit and three home visits, one, two, and three months after discharge from the hospital. Results indicate that (1) mothers visit longer and increase their caretaking behaviors over visits and remain consistent in the rank order of their caretaking behaviors over time. (2) Caretaking behaviors are highly intercorrelated and mothers can be divided into those who show a consistently high, medium, and low amount of interaction with their infants. (3) Highly interacting mothers also visit and telephone the nursery more and stimulate their infants more at home. Mothers who stimulate their infants little in the nursery also visit and phone less and stimulate them little at home. (4) Infant behaviors showed that infants whose gestation was less than 29 weeks did not respond to any type of maternal stimulation. Infants whose gestation was more than 29 weeks, however, showed significantly more eye-openings when their mothers touched them.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1975

Interactions of mothers and nurses with premature infants.

The initial attachment of three mothers to three premature infants weighing less than 1500 g was assessed by observation of the mother's behaviour during visits to her child in the hospital nursery. Interactions of mothers and infants were compared with those of nurses and infants. Premature infants, during a stay in hospital of approximately 7 weeks, have to adapt to up to 70 different nurses and receive generally little contact stimulation from them. Mothers change in their interactional behaviour over time but show persistent individual differences in amount of touching, smiling and talking to their infants. Follow-up investigation will determine if the maternal behaviour as demonstrated in the nursery is predictive of later parenting disorders.

Female↗