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K Monakhov

Publications and source records attributed to K Monakhov.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Neurophysiological correlates of depressive symptomatology.

Some evidence has been presented in previous articles supporting the hypothesis that relevant relationships may occur between clinical symptoms of depression and complex EEG features investigated by means of a systemic structural analysis (SSA). The present paper deals with a closer analysis of the clinical-neurophysiological relationships in depressive syndromes. 22 untreated depressed patients of both sexes participated in the study. The patients were rated by means of the Cronholm and Ottosson Rating Scale for Depression (CORSD) at the time of the EEG investigation. Special computer programs were used to investigate the relationships between clinical symptoms and elementary EEG characteristics. It was found that symptoms comprised in the 'anxiety-depression' subscale of the CORSD were related to fast activity in the EEG, whereas symptoms comprised in the 'retardation' subscale showed significant relationship with slow EEG activity. The implicaions of these findings are discussed in terms of excitatory and inhibitory processes in the CNS. Both these processes exhibit a high degree of structural complexity and integration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Functional interhemispheric differences in relation to various psychopathological components of the depressive syndromes. A pilot international study.

Previous investigations from our laboratory have suggested a possible interhemispheric difference in brain functioning in relation to the severity of a depressive psychopathological process. The present study has been carried out to extend the previous findings to comprise a more detailed symptom analysis of the depressive syndrome, several EEG characteristics, and a new method of EEG analysis. 22 depressed patients, most of them previously untreated, participated in the study. The patients were rated by means of a highly reliable rating scale for depression, and an EEG record was obtained from each of them. Analysis of possible relationships among clinical symptoms and EEG characteristics from different parts of the brain showed a complex pattern, quite different for each symptom. First when a systemic structural analysis of the EEG was performed by means of a special computer program, differential EEG syndromes could be identified. Patients with a high level of anxiety-depression showed a more pronounced functional involvement of the left precentral region than less severely ill patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Augmenting/reducing: an adaptive switch mechanism to cope with incoming signals in healthy subjects and psychiatric patients.

The tendency to 'augment' or to 'reduce' the amplitude of the response to stimuli of increasing intensity is a matter of much interest in the neurophysiological, psychophysiological and psychiatric literature. According to their response, individuals have been divided so far into 'augmenters' and 'reducers', and different mechanisms beyond these types of response have been discussed. In most studies, however, the major emphasis has been laid upon 'reducing', which has been regarded as deviance from the expected 'augmenting'. In the present article, a new theory referring to a two-directional adaptive switch mechanism for coping with incoming stimuli is presented together with some hypotheses which can be derived from such a general theory. In the following, evidence from experimental work is presented which supports the main theoretical principles, and also the hypothesis that both basic characteristics of the central nervous system and biochemical variables contribute to the determination of the individual augmenting/reducing response.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Systemic structural analysis of the electroencephalogram of depressed patients. General principles and preliminary results of an international collaborative study.

In previous articles, evidence has been presented which supports the hypothesis that detectable neurophysiological changes occur in the course of affective disorders, mainly of a depressive type. The scope of the present report has been to expand the previous investigation to comprise variables not hitherto taken into account and to present a new approach to the analysis of EEG in psychiatry. This new approach, a systemic structural analysis, follows the concepts borrowed from the general system theory, and is based on the assumption that brain activity can be regarded as a type of hierarchical system. Hints about the theoretical principles beyond a systemic structural analysis of EEG are given, and the point is stressed that possible correlations between, e.g., neurophysiological and clinical variables must be south starting from characteristics which are at a comparable level of integration in both realms. The preliminary findings of an international collaborative study of depressive syndromes are presented. 45 patients suffering from depressive syndromes of different aetiology and of varying severity participated in the study. These were rated by means of a rating scale which permitted a division for further analysis into subgroups according to the main symptomatology. The results show that characteristic neurofunctional structures can be identified which correspond to various symptomatological patterns. The occurrence of pronounced interhemispheric differences in electrical activity, related to the severity of the depressive syndrome, has also found further support in the results of this present investigation.

Adult↗