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Biomedical subjects

K Montgomery

Publications and source records attributed to K Montgomery.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Advertising for all by the year 2000: public health implications for less developed countries.

This paper argues that the development of global advertising has significant implications for the public health of less developed countries. These implications can be seen in three areas. First, it is clear that advertising and marketing of lethal or health-compromising products like alcohol and tobacco not only can increase the level of death and disease, but can also produce serious indirect effects upon families, communities, and entire societies. Second, advertising promotes a consumption ethic which can have far-reaching effects that go beyond individual behavior, significantly altering social relationships, and influencing public policies and allocation of scarce resources. Third, advertising can restrict the public's knowledge about health issues by substituting distorted and manipulative sales messages for vital, accurate health information. In addition, revenues from advertising are a primary support for many mass media systems and this further limits the presentation of critical information.

Advertising↗
PubMed1992

Primary care physicians' refusal to care for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.

We conducted a telephone survey of a random sample of office-based primary care physicians in Los Angeles County to determine their practice experiences with patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Telephone interviews included questions related to the physicians' experiences evaluating patients for HIV infection during the past 6 months and the presence of HIV-infected patients in their practices. Those without HIV-infected patients were asked if this was because they had not encountered such patients, because those patients had died, or because the physicians had chosen to refer these patients elsewhere or the patients had gone elsewhere for care. Of physicians who participated in the survey, 78% had evaluated a patient for HIV infection in the past 6 months; 34% were currently providing primary care for infected patients; and 36% had elected to refer HIV-infected patients elsewhere, or their patients had elected to find other physicians. In all, 48% of physicians in the sample had elected not to care for, or said they would not provide care for, patients with HIV infection. Among Los Angeles County primary care physicians, 36% have refused to provide continuing care for HIV-infected patients and another 12% indicated their unwillingness to do so should such patients present themselves for care. As of 1991, the reservoir of primary care physicians in Los Angeles not yet involved with but willing to care for HIV-infected patients is relatively small (15%).

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

Telephone screening for risk of HIV infection.

This study responds to a Centers for Disease Control request to develop innovative case-finding methods and asks two questions: 1) Will men participate in an anonymous telephone interview containing detailed questions about their sexual practices to enable screening for HIV-related risk? 2) Will individuals told they are at increased risk follow up by calling a toll-free number for additional AIDS information, counseling, or medical evaluation? Random-digit-dialed interviews were completed with 1610 adult men in Los Angeles County; the completion rate among eligible men was 68.3%. Nearly 43% of men were assessed at increased risk, half of whom described behaviors that placed them only at moderate risk and half of whom reported behaviors placing them at higher risk. Although the study found men were willing to provide personal risk-assessment information, only 14 of 343 men were willing to initiate a follow-up telephone call to the project counselors as the next step in case-finding.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1991

Responses to AIDS: large urban and small rural hospitals.

This study examines the assumptions that large urban hospitals will differ strikingly from small rural hospitals in their experience with AIDS patients, the staff-related problems caused by AIDS patients, and the administrative actions undertaken by the hospital in response. Results from a national stratified random sample of U.S. hospitals showed that by mid-1989 nearly all large urban hospitals had admitted AIDS patients, while only one-quarter of small rural hospitals had done so. Yet, over three-quarters of small rural hospitals have already adopted administrative policies about HIV testing of patients, and the contents of such policies differ little from those adopted by large urban hospitals. Despite similarity in official administrative responses, attitudinal differences exist. Staff fears of contagion and attitudes about isolation of HIV-positive patients are more evident in small rural hospitals; yet, recruitment difficulties triggered by staff concerns are greater in large urban hospitals.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1990

The HIV-testing policies of US hospitals.

To determine the human immunodeficiency virus-testing policies adopted by US hospitals, we surveyed a stratified random sample of all nonfederal general acute care hospitals, drawn from the American Hospital Association's 1987 database. Interviews were completed with the chief administrator in 561 hospitals (response rate, 78.4%). Two thirds of hospitals have admitted at least one patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and over 83% have formal written policies about human immunodeficiency virus testing. Most contain provisions protecting patients' rights; eg, 78% require pretest informed consent, 66% require a special human immunodeficiency virus-testing consent form, and 75% require that patients who test seropositive be so informed. Many policies also contain provisions that protect providers; eg, 56% require that test results appear in patients' records, 38% require review of treatment plans when a patient tests seropositive, and 3% require transferring such patients. Hospital characteristics are not strongly associated with the adoption of testing policies.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

The AIDS-related experiences and practices of primary care physicians in Los Angeles: 1984-89.

Telephone interviews of random samples of Los Angeles primary care physicians in 1984, 1986, and 1989 obtained information about their AIDS-related practice experiences, and sexual history taking. Data from mid-1989 reveal almost 74 percent have worked up at least one patient for AIDS or HIV infection in the past six months and 39.5 percent are caring for at least one patient with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Self-reported use of appropriate sexual history questions has improved substantially over this five-year period.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Keyes technique.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

In vitro phosphorylation of tropomyosin by a kinase from chicken embryo.

A tropomyosin kinase has been partially purified from the leg muscle of 11-day-old chick embryos by ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE and phosphocellulose chromatography. The tropomyosin kinase requires Mg2+ for its activity, but Ca2+ and cyclic AMP are not needed. Increase in KC1 concentration decreased the tropomyosin kinase activity with over 90% inhibition at 0.2 M KC1. The alpha-tropomyosin subunit from rabbit and chicken skeletal muscle was phosphorylated about five times faster than the beta-tropomyosin subunit. Smooth muscle tropomyosin from chicken gizzard was not phosphorylated. The in vitro phosphorylation site in rabbit and chicken skeletal tropomyosins is a single serine residue close to the COOH terminus, a region intimately engaged in the head to tail polymerization of tropomyosin. Since the amino acid sequences of rabbit alpha- and beta-tropomyosin and chicken alpha-tropomyosin in this region are known, their phosphorylation sites can be unambiguously assigned as the penultimate residue, serine 283.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomographic, neurologic, and neuropsychological correlates of Huntington's disease.

Twenty-six patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and three subjects at risk for HD were evaluated by computed tomographic, neurologic and neuropsychological examinations. These data were used to delineate the sequence of structural changes in early and intermediate HD, and the relationship of these changes to impairment of neurologic and cognitive function. CT scans documented an early neostriatal-frontal focus of atrophy in HD which spreads caudally over the cerebral cortex during the course of the disease. Chorea was positively correlated with caudate atrophy. Functional and cognitive (especially memory and visuospatial) impairments were strongly related to the degree of atrophy. Multiple regression analyses of CT and neuropsychological data further demonstrated that neostriatal changes make a significant contribution to the cognitive as well as to the motor impairments of HD patients.

Adult↗