Biomedical subjects

K Morinaga

Publications and source records attributed to K Morinaga.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Hyponatremia and cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage].

We studied retrospectively the relationship between hyponatremia and cerebral vasospasm in 121 consecutive patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. In 19 patients sodium levels fell below 130 mEq/l on at least two consecutive days. Hyponatremia developed at average 8.9 hospital day and lasted for 4.4 days. It was mild (126 to 130 mEq/l) in 15 patients, moderate (121 to 125 mEq/l) in 3 patients, and severe (116 to 120 mEq/l) in 1 patient. Cerebral vasospasm was evaluated by angiography, symptoms and CT finding. Angiographical vasospasm was found in 57 patients, symptomatic vasospasm in 38 patients and low density area on CT in 20 patients. Angiographical vasospasm developed in 15 of the 19 patients (78.9%) with hyponatremia, symptomatic vasospasm in 16 patients (84.2%), low density area on CT in 8 patients (42.1%), the difference being significantly high. (respectively, p < 0.01, p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 by chi-square test) Polyuria of 2500 ml or more immediately before the onset of hyponatremia developed in 14 patients (87.5%). When symptomatic vasospasm and hyponatremia coincided, there were only 4 patients in which symptomatic vasospasm was preceded by hyponatremia. So, it is difficult to predict the development of vasospasm from that of hyponatremia. This study found incidence of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage to be significantly higher in patients who developed hyponatremia, which raised suspicion about the presence of dehydration. Hyponatremia with central origin generally remains asymptomatic, but it is important to treat positively when the pathology of cerebral vasospasm is taken into consideration.

Dehydration↗

PubMed1992

[A study of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone levels in a series of patients with intracranial disease and hyponatremia].

For intracranial diseases, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone were determined and their effects on the development of hyponatremia with central origin were studied. The subjects were 71 cases of intracranial diseases which were admitted to our hospital during a period of 1 year from March, 1989 to March, 1990. The diseases were broken down to subarachnoid hemorrhage 26 cases, hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 19 cases, head injury 12 cases, cerebral infarction 11 cases and 3 other cases. Serum-urine electrolytes, plasma ANP and ADH were determined in the acute stage on Day 1 to 4, in the hyponatremia stage on Day 5 to 14 and in the chronic stage on Day 15 downward. Hyponatremia was defined as the serum sodium level of 130 mEq/l or less. Cases evidently having other causes such as heart failure and renal insufficiency were excluded. In the normal control group of persons who were admitted to our hospital for a close checkup (n = 20), plasma ANP was 26.5 +/- 11.6 pg/ml (10-50); levels of 50 pg/ml or more were regarded as abnormally high. 1) Hyponatremia was found in 18 cases (25.4%), subarachnoid hemorrhage in 7 cases, hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in 4 cases, head injury in 5 cases and others in 2 cases. 2) The time of onset of hyponatremia was on the 8.3 hospital day. The duration was 7.2 days. The minimum serum sodium level was 124.6 mEq/l. 3) There was no significant change in the plasma aldosterone level at each stage.2+ Predicting development of hyponatremia from plasma ADH and ANP levels in the acute stage is difficult. Inadequate secretion of ANP rather than ADH appeared to be an important factor for the development of hyponatremia, but the plasma ANP level was not always abnormally high, so involvement of other sodium diuretic factors should also be kept in mind.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Early asbestosis: evaluation with high-resolution CT.

To determine the earliest stage at which lesions in asbestosis can be diagnosed and to assess their progression, 23 asbestos-exposed patients with minimal or no abnormalities at plain radiography were examined with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) twice, with an interval of 12-37 months between examinations. In 21 of the patients, parenchymal abnormalities were found. Major parenchymal features seen at CT included thickened intralobular and interlobular lines, subpleural curvilinear lines, pleural-based nodular irregularities, hazy patches of increased attenuation, small cystic spaces, and small areas of low attenuation. At paired serial CT, subpleural isolated dots or branching structures connected with the most peripheral branch of the pulmonary artery started to appear in lower subpleural zones and then became confluent to create pleural-based nodular irregularities. CT-pathologic correlation led to the conclusion that the confluence of subpleural peribronchiolar fibrosis creates subpleural fibrosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[CT and 123I-IMP SPECT findings of head injuries with hyponatremia].

CT and SPECT findings were examined and the relationship between development of hyponatremia and lesions was studied in cases who developed hyponatremia following head injury. Six cases of hyponatremia after head injury in the last two years were used as the subjects. SPECT was performed by the 123I-IMP intravenous injection method using Tomomatic 64. Slice 2 of 4 to 6 cm on the OM line in the early image was used as the subject site. The data of development of hyponatremia was 5.8 patients days, duration 9.2 days, minimum serum Na level 117.2 mEq/l and minimum plasma osmotic pressure 247.6 mOsm/lH2O. CT findings in the hyponatremic stage showed frontal subdural effusion in all the cases. SPECT findings revealed a decrease of CBF in the frontal region on both sides and in the central region. CBF in the central region also tended to improve at a time when hyponatremia improved. In hyponatremia after head injury, lesions are often found in the frontal region on CT, and CBF in the central region is also decreased bilaterally on SPECT, which is presumed to be concerned with the development of hyponatremia.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Serum ANP and ADH after subarachnoid hemorrhage and hyponatremia].

We determined serum atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) on a time course basis in cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage and studied their influence on the development of hyponatremia. Twenty six cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage were admitted to our hospital in the past 1 year, and by the site of ruptured aneurysms, there were Acom 6 cases, ICA 6 cases, MCA 5 cases and VA BA 4 cases. Serum ANP and ADH levels were determined in the acute phase on Day 1-4, in the hyponatremia phase on Day 5-14 and in the chronic phase on Day 15 downward. Levels of not more than 130 mEq/l were regarded as hyponatremia. Cases showing other evident causes such as heart failure and renal insufficiency were excluded. In the normal control group (n = 20) which was admitted to this hospital for a close check-up, serum ANP was 26.5 +/- 11.6 pg/ml (10-50); levels of more than 50 pg/ml were regarded as being abnormally high. 1) Hyponatremia was observed in 7 cases (26-9%); the day of onset was 11.9 hospital day. The duration was 5.0 days and the minimum serum Na level was 126.4 mEq/l. 2) The serum ADH level was high regardless of whether or not there was the development of hyponatremia in the acute phase but tended to decrease gradually and became normal in the hyponatremia phase. 3) The serum ANP level in the cases of hyponatremia was 40.7 +/- 9.1 pg/ml in the acute phase, 69.0 +/- 25.7 pg/ml in the hyponatremia phase and 40.2 +/- 21.5 pg/ml in the chronic phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗

PubMed1991

[Internal carotid artery stenosis and external carotid artery occlusion with unusual extracranial collateral pathway: case report].

A patient with stenosis of the internal carotid artery and occlusion of the external carotid artery associated with an unusual extracranial collateral pathway is presented. A 63-year-old man was hospitalized for sudden onset of black-out after urination. He was alert, and no neurological deficit was found. MRI showed multiple lacunae in the bilateral putamens. Cerebral angiogram demonstrated severe stenosis of the left internal carotid artery at its cervical segment and complete occlusion of the left external carotid artery at its origin. The ascending pharyngeal artery originated from the left internal carotid artery above its stenotic lesion and the superior thyroid artery originated from the left common carotid artery. The sternocleidomastoid branch from the left superior thyroid artery and the muscular branch from the left vertebral artery anastomosed with the muscular branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery. The ascending pharyngeal artery maintained patency of the internal carotid artery. It is important to perform vertebral angiography when there is proximal occlusion and severe stenosis of the internal carotid artery, and when the ascending pharyngeal artery has not been clearly identified as a branch from the ipsilateral external carotid artery on the common carotid angiogram.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMed1991

[A retrospective cohort study of workers in small asbestos industries in south Osaka].

A retrospective cohort study was carried out on asbestos workers who had received health examinations in 1972 to 1974 conducted by the Osaka Health Center. The subjects, total of 789 (329 males, 460 females) were followed-up for 10 years (Jan. 1, 1975-Dec. 31, 1984). There were sixty-one deaths in the cohort--4 tuberculosis, 12 malignant neoplasms (4 stomach cancers, 8 respiratory cancers including one case of pleural mesothelioma), 18 circulatory diseases, 24 respiratory diseases, and 3 other causes of death. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated age and sex-specific death rates for the general population in Osaka between 1975-79 and 1980-84. SMR for all causes of death, stomach cancer, respiratory cancer, circulatory diseases, and respiratory diseases were 1.15, 3.29, 0.75, 3.88, 0.93 and 8.63 respectively. Respiratory cancer and respiratory diseases showed statistically significant (p less than 0.01) excess death with a mean death age of 59 and 56 years old respectively.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Asbestosis: high-resolution CT-pathologic correlation.

High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was performed in seven inflated and fixed postmortem lungs from seven asbestos-exposed patients with pathologically proved asbestosis. The parenchymal abnormalities seen at in vitro HRCT included thickened intralobular lines (n = 7), thickened interlobular lines (n = 7), pleural-based opacities (n = 7), parenchymal fibrous bands (n = 5), subpleural curvilinear shadows (n = 4), ground-glass appearance (n = 4), traction bronchiectasis (n = 4), and honeycombing (n = 2). The thickened intralobular lines were shown histologically to be due to peribronchiolar fibrosis. Thickened interlobular lines were due mainly to interlobular fibrotic thickening in four lungs and edema in three. The peribronchiolar fibrosis was most severe in the subpleural lung regions, creating curvilinear line shadows and pleural-based areas of opacity. Some subpleural fibrosis extended proximally along the bronchovascular sheath to create bandlike lesions. Areas of ground-glass appearance on HRCT scans were shown to be the result of mild alveolar wall and interlobular septal thickening due to fibrosis or edema. Postmortem HRCT findings were similar to premortem HRCT findings and correlated well with the pathologic findings of asbestosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Epidemiological study of mortality from cancer among chromium platers.

Cancer mortality was studied among 265 male workers in 40 small plating factories (chromium, copper and nickel) where bicycle parts are plated. The study utilized record linkage with the Osaka Cancer Registry file between January 1, 1965 and December 31, 1979. The results showed that seven workers had died of cancer, and the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) calculated for all cancers, stomach cancer and lung cancer were 1.13, 1.23 and 1.11, respectively, with no significant relationship found between the observed and expected values. The SMR for lung cancer among those workers with a high degree of skin ulceration and with perforation of the nasal septum was high, 11.22 and 5.13, respectively, although not statistically significant because of the small sample size in the study. The results suggest that lung cancer occurs in those subjected to a high degree of exposure to chromium.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Cancer mortality of male workers exposed to benzidine and/or beta-naphthylamine].

The risk of cancer was analysed in a cohort of 604 male workers who had been engaged in manufacturing and/or handling benzidine and/or beta-naphthylamine during the period 1945-71 at two factories located in the city of Osaka. The cohort was followed up from 1 January 1970 to the date of death or 31 December 1986. The mean follow-up time was 16.1 years. A total of 84 deaths was found compared with 112.66 expected based on the mortality of the Osaka population. Thirty-six were found to be dead of malignant neoplasms; 9 stomach, 2 colon, 1 rectum, 3 liver, 1 bile duct, 1 pancreas, 1 maxillary sinus, 6 lung, 8 bladder, and 2 ureter neoplasms as well as 1 case of myeloid leukemia. Seven cases were ascertained on death certificates as neoplasms of uncertain behaviour, all of which were tumors of genitourinary organs except for one case of brain tumor. Cancers of genitourinary organs and tumors of uncertain behaviour showed statistically significant increased standardized ratios (SMR = 12.20, 4.89). The mean age of death of those having genitourinary organs including cancer was 59 years old, and the latent period between the first exposure and the occurrence of the disease was 19.7 years on average. Non-significant increased risks of cancers of the colon, rectum, liver and lung were observed among the workers exposed to benzidine. Among the 7 histologically confirmed cases of these cancers, there were 2 adenocarcinomas of the lung, 1 adenocarcinoma of the rectum, 2 hepatocellular carcinoma and 1 adenocarcinoma of the bile duct. Seven patients with genitourinary tumors were found to have died of other primary cancers.

2-Naphthylamine↗

PubMed1990

[Twenty years' follow-up study of asbestos workers].

This report describes a cohort study conducted on workers who were employed in a factory mainly manufacturing asbestos yarn and cloth and were followed from 1964 to 1981. A total of 208 workers (73 males and 135 females) could be traced and 15 deaths were observed by the end of 1983. Among them, three had lung cancer and its relative risk was 6.8 (p less than 0.05) computed based on the age, sex and year specific death rates of Osaka Prefecture. One case of peritoneal mesothelioma was also found. The period from first asbestos exposure to death of these four cases of asbestos-related malignancies was more than 25 yr. In the analysis of the employees who had more than 1 yr of exposure to asbestos and those who had already been engaged in this factory at the beginning of the observation, the relative risk of lung cancer was 8.1 and 13.6, respectively.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to life style--comparison of foreigners living in Japan and Japanese].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult diseases among three ethnic groups, Chinese living in Japan, Koreans living in Japan and Japanese. The mortalities of major cancers and other adult diseases of Chinese and Koreans in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) of the two groups using death rates in the Japanese population as the standard. Life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits of the three groups were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates for liver cancer, lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertensive disease, cerebrovascular disease and liver cirrhosis for Koreans of both sexes in Japan were significantly higher than those for Japanese, but the mortality rates of stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer for Korean females were lower than those for Japanese females. 2. The mortality rates for heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer (females), breast cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates for stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[An interesting case of pituitary apoplexy showing abnormality in water-electrolyte before and after surgery].

Cases which present abnormality in water-electrolyte before and after operation of pituitary adenoma are occasionally reported. The authors have encountered a case in which neurological symptoms became aggravated abruptly with pituitary apoplexy after admission, hyponatremia was noted before operation and polyuria, not hypotonic urine was observed after operation. As a result of an endocrinological examination which may have an influence on water-electrolyte (ADH, aldosterone, ANP, etc.) the ADH level in hyponatremia before operation was high at 6.8 pg/ml; so, it was taken as SIADH. According to a study at the time of polyuria after operation, the ADH level was normal at 2.4 pg/ml, the ANP level was abnormally high at 140 pg/ml and the specific gravity of the urine was kept at 1.010 or more. So, polyuria was considered due to abnormally increased content of serum ANP. In polyuria due to abnormally increased content of serum ANP, the osmotic pressure of the urine is maintained relatively well, which is a clinical feature evidently different from diabetes insipidus. After operation for pituitary adenoma, water-electrolyte should be controlled with polyuria due to abnormally increased content of serum ANP in addition to diabetes insipidus taken into consideration.

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗

PubMed1990

[Subacute subdural hematoma--report of 4 cases and a review of the literature].

Subdural hematoma is divided roughly into two types acute and chronic. The two show an entirely different mode of illness. The authors have encountered 4 cases of subacute subdural hematoma in which characteristics of both types coexisted. These cases are characterized by the following. 1) The disease develops in the elderly persons with a history of trauma unknown or after minor head injury. 2) There is a relatively long period of clear consciousness and they visit a hospital when they are in the subacute stage, 3) They have a history of drinking alcohol heavily as a habit and there is a high risk of hypertension and diabetes. 4) Brain CT findings sometimes reveals mixed density hematoma. 5) Hemorrhage from the cortical artery is occasionally noted as the operative findings. Hematoma membrane is absent. 6) The outcome is generally poor because of systemic complications. As described above subacute subdural hematoma was similar to chronic subdural hematoma in the clinical course and CT findings. But operative findings of this disease indicated acute subdural hematoma. Repeated minor hemorrhage, related to coagulation disorder and brain atrophy would be important as the mechanism of subacute subdural hematoma. The effectiveness of perforation craniotomy as radical operation was low and removal of hematoma by major craniotomy was needed. The concept of subacute subdural hematoma is considered important in deciding on a therapeutic policy.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1990

[Infarction in the territory of the anterior choroidal artery due to embolic occlusion of the internal carotid artery--report of two cases].

A case with infarction in the territory of the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) due to embolic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is rare. We described two cases and investigated the mechanism of the territory of the AChA. Case 1 was a 69-year-old man. Case 2 was a 71-year-old woman. The neurological examination in both cases showed left homonymous hemianopsia, left facial palsy, left hemiparesis and left hemisensory disturbance. CT scan in these cases showed infarctions of the right uncus, amygdaloid nucleus, genu and posterior limb of the internal capsule, globus pallidus, lateral geniculate body and tail of the caudate nucleus. The right common carotid angiogram showed a complete occlusion of the ICA at its cervical segment in case 1 and at its carotid siphon in case 2. In both cases, the left carotid injection visualized the right anterior cerebral artery and right middle cerebral artery via the anterior communicating artery well, but the right AChA was not visualized. In case 1, the collateral pathways from the right external carotid artery (ECA) and the right posterior communicating artery (PCoA) to the right ICA were not supplied and the precommunicating segment of the right posterior cerebral artery was hypoplastic. In case 2, the collateral pathway from the right ECA to the right ICA was not supplied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Evaluation of CT-guided stereotaxic aspiration for thalamic hemorrhage by single photon emission CT].

Sixteen patients with thalamic hemorrhage (hematoma volume greater than or equal to 10 ml and CT classification greater than or equal to IIa) were included in this study. In sixteen patients, ten were treated conservatively (conservative group) and six were subjected to CT-guided stereotaxic aspiration (aspiration group). Stereotaxic aspiration was performed at the acute stage within five days after the onset. We measured cerebral blood flow (CBF) using Single Photon Emission CT (Tomomatic 64) and 133-Xe inhalation method. In both groups, CBF was measured at the onset (day 1-5), acute stage (day 7-13), subacute stage (1 month from the onset) and chronic stage (2-4 months from the onset). In this study, mean hemispheric cerebral blood flow (mCBF) was calculated from the middle slice 2, positioned 5cm above the orbitomeatal line. Regional devision of slice 2 in the hematoma side was made as follows. rCBF-A: regional cerebral blood flow in the anterior area of the hematoma. rCBF-L: regional cerebral blood flow in the lateral area of the hematoma. rCBF-P: regional cerebral blood flow in the posterior area of the hematoma. In both groups, age, neurological grading, CT classification and hematoma volume had no significance. In the conservative group, mCBF of the hematoma side in the subacute stage was 68 +/- 7%, and in the aspiration group it was 85 +/- 17%. This difference was statistically significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Asbestos fibre content of lungs with mesotheliomas in Osaka, Japan: a preliminary report.

That crocidolite and amosite are both associated with the development of mesothelioma is now well established, but earlier studies have failed to find an excess of chrysotile in lungs with mesotheliomas as compared with the amounts in lungs of unaffected controls. In an attempt to clarify the importance of fibre type in tissue, an examination of a series of mesotheliomas is being undertaken in Osaka, Japan. A total of 23 mesotheliomas and 5 rejected cases reviewed by the Osaka Mesothelioma Panel were examined for the types of asbestos and semiquantitative fibre content by means of a transmission electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analyser. Asbestos fibres were detected in 19 of the 23 mesotheliomas (21 pleura, 1 pericardium, 1 peritoneum; 19 males, 4 females). Amphibole fibres were found in 13 cases. Five pleural and one peritoneal mesothelioma were found to have only chrysotile fibres. One female pleural mesothelioma with neighbourhood exposure had short chrysotile fibres. Among the 5 rejected cases, only one case with occupational exposure had both chrysotile and amosite fibres. A group of 17 controls were also examined and asbestos fibres were found in 5. Our data, while not definitive, suggest that mesotheliomas can be induced in humans, not only by crocidolite and amosite, but also by chrysotile, though possibly to a lesser extent.

Asbestos↗

PubMed1989

[Histopathological studies of periodontal tissue reactions to perforations in the furcation of dogs' teeth treated with cyanoacrylate cement (FH Cement)].

In the previous study (Shikwa Gakuho, 85: 413-451, 1985.), Morinaga reported on the histopathology of furcation perforations treated with ethyl cyanoacrylate and showed that, because of its properties, this material cannot be expected to effect a permanent blockade. It did not, however, irritate the wound. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a new cyanoacrylate cement (FH Cement) when applied to furcation perforations. Subjects were 25 mandibular and maxilla premolars and molars obtained from 3 adult dogs. The method used in the study was as follows. After administration of pentobarbital-sodium general anesthesia, the pulp chamber was opened by means of a high-speed air turbine fitted with a diamond point. According to usual procedures, the pulp was removed, and the main root canal was filled. Next the floor of the pulp chamber was deliberately perforated by means of a 1mm round bur that had been previously sterilized in advance pouring a physiological sodium chloride solution at the same time. The perforated areas were then washed with a same solution, wiped, and dried with aseptic cotton pellets. They were then stuffed with cyanoacrylate cement. The cavity was lined with gutta-percha temporary stopping, and the remainder of the cavity was filled with silver amalgam. At periods of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the operation, the animals were sacrificed by means of electricity under general anesthesia. The jaw bones were removed, fixed, decalcified, and embedded in celloidin. Longitudinal sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Results 1. Periodontal tissues around perforated sites were healed by means of scar tissue, though suppuration occurred in a few cases. 2. Hard tissue was appended to the teeth in a small number of cases. 3. Repair of the alveolar bone was observed in the damaged site in about half of all cases. From the result mentioned above, cyanoacrylate cement (FH Cement) was seemed to did not close the site perforation for it self, but was not a stimulant to wound, in case of appropriate blockade.

Animals↗