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Biomedical subjects

K Munk

Publications and source records attributed to K Munk.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The incidence of disability pensions and mortality among semi-skilled construction workers in Copenhagen. A retrospective cohort study with two control groups.

The aim of the present study was to discover whether the incidence of disability pensions and mortality was higher amongst semi-skilled construction workers (SCW) in Copenhagen than in two control groups from the same geographic area. The population investigated consisted of a fixed cohort of 3537 SCW from Copenhagen as per 1/5/1975. The two control groups comprised 3818 Copenhagen members of the Warehouse Workers' union and a group of Copenhagen members of the Semi-skilled Worker's Union age-matched to the SCW cohort, both as per 1/5/75. Up to 31/12/79, a total of 102 SCW were granted disability pensions, compared with 89 and 77 in the two control groups respectively, i.e. a significantly higher frequency of award of disability pension among SCW than among warehouse workers (p less than 0.05). This was due especially to a higher frequency of disability pensions granted because of musculoskeletal diseases and cancer in SCW. The number of deaths was recorded from 1/5/75 to 30/11/78. No differences in overall mortality were found among the three groups, although slightly fewer deaths from lung cancer and ischaemic heart diseases and more suicides were observed among the construction workers. Selection bias and the effect of the working environment are discussed against the background of a concurrent investigation of the state of health and working conditions of SCW.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Low-back pain and early retirement among Danish semiskilled construction workers.

According to new regulations Danish trade union members are able to retire earlier than normal, at the age of 60-65 a. One of the reasons for retirement might be symptoms of wear and tear, eg, low-back pain. Questionnaires were sent to 157 semiskilled construction workers and 210 members of a reference group. Forty percent of the construction workers reported low-back pain as one of the reasons for retirement, whereas the corresponding percentage of referents was 25. Low-back pain occurred in the year before retirement for 68% of the construction workers and 50% of the reference group. The relationship between low-back pain, selection, and semiskilled construction work is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of different methods for the detection of rubella-specific IgM antibodies.

The rubella specific IgM titer in the serum specimens originating from healthy persons and from patients with clinical signs of rubella infection was determined by hemagglutination inhibition or hemagglutination reduction after IgM separation with the following methods: (a) density gradient centrifugation; (b) polyacrylamide agarose gel chromatography; (c) ion exchange chromatography with diethylaminoethyl cellulose columns; (d) solid-phase immunosorbent technique using microplates; (e) solid-phase immunosorbent technique using polyacrylamide microimmunobeads. Alternatively, we removed IgG and IgA by the use of protein A, anti-IgG, and anti-IgA, covalently coupled to controlled-pore glass (f). The titers obtained by the different methods showed qualitatively good correlations when combined with mercaptoethanol reduction. The quantitative measurement of specific IgM titers, however, revealed a lower sensitivity of column chromatography and methods of removal of IgG/IgA.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Experimental infection and the state of viral latency of adult tupaia with herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 and infection of juvenile Tupaia with temperature-sensitive mutants of HSV Type 2.

The susceptibility of adult Tupaia Belangeri to infection with herpes simplex virus (HVS) was investigated. Adult animals were inoculated intraperitoneally with HSV type 1 or 2. With the exception of HSV-2, strain HG-52, 10(5)--10(6) PFU of all HSV strains caused lethal infection irrespective of the age of the animals. Infections HSV was recovered from the spinal cord of those animals which had survived infection with a low dose of virus. The DNA of the recovered viruses was compared to the DNA of the inoculated HSV. The viral genome of the recovered HSV was unchanged as judged by analysis of the fragment pattern of the viral DNA's using restriction endonucleases. Animals which had survived the first HSV infection were protected against a second infection even at highly lethal doses of HSV-1 or 2. Juvenile Tupaia survived infection with temperature-sensitive mutants of HSV-2, strain HG-52, which induced protection against a second infection with lethal doses of HSV-1 or 2.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

Establishment of a variant cell clone growing at 41 degrees C from embryonic rat and tupaia (tree shrew) fibroblast cells.

Rat and tupaia 41 degrees C temperature variant cell clones were derived from parental embryonic cells, cloned and established in tissue cultures. Both variant cell clones grew permanently at 41 degrees C. The morphology of these cell clones was altered in comparison to the original fibroblast cell clones. The cell biological characterization of the rat and tupaia 41 degrees C temperature variant cell clones showed that both cell clones were stable. After abolishing the selection pressure (incubation at 41 degrees C) for more than 10 further cell passages by incubation at 37 degrees C and then raising the temperature again to 41 degrees C, neither of the cell clones lost their newly acquired property of growing at 41 degrees C. This fact demonstrates that the newly acquired property is certain to be genetically manifest in both cell clones. The modal number of chromosomes of the rat 41 degrees C temperature variant cell clone was increased, and in the case of the tupaia variant cell clone, bimodality was observed. The plating efficiency of both cell clones did not rise significantly in comparison to the parental cells. Neither of the 41 degrees C temperature variant cell clones grew in semi-solid medium.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Experimental infection of Tupaia belangeri (tree shrews) with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

The susceptibility of Tupaia belangeri (tree shrews, which are primitive prosimian primates) to infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and the pathogenesis of HSV in these animals were investigated. Juvenile (28--45 days old) and adult (150 days old) animals were inoculated intravenously, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously with HSV type 1 or 2 (25--10(5) plaque-forming units per animal). Clinical illness usually appeared in juvenile animals on the second day after inoculation, and the animals died between two and 14 days after inoculation. High titers of infectious HSV were recovered from liver and spleen. The histopathologic examination always showed severe liver changes with numerous necrotic areas. The morphologic events in the liver were designated as herpetic hepatitis. The next most common morphologic findings were encephalitis and fibrosis in the spleen. These results demonstrate the high pathogenicity of HSV types 1 and 2 in juvenile T. belangeri. In contrast, adult animals did not develop acute clinical disease and survived the HSV infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Protection of mice against viral infection by Corynebacterium parvum and Bordetella pertussis.

Mice could be significantly protected against infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) by i.p. or i.v. injection of killed Corynebacterium parvum 7 days before infection. This protection was seen in inbred strains of mice with a different degree of sensitivity to HSV and after both i.p. and i.v. infection. Resistant mice immunosuppressed by X-irradiation and showing an increased susceptibility to HSV could also be protected by a previous injection of C. parvum. Elevated levels of interferon were demonstrated in the serum of mice injected with C. parvum 5 to 12 days previously. Four different strains of anaerobic coryneforms were compared and only those which were able to induce a systemic activation of the lymphoreticular system (as reflected by splenomegaly) protected against HSV infection. Protection against HSV-infection could also be demonstrated by using killed Bordetella pertussis. C. parvum also protected against Semliki Forest virus infection in two different strains of mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

In vitro mitogenic stimulation of murine spleen cells by herpes simplex virus.

Spleen cells of B6 mice not previously immunized were induced to DNA synthesis by supernatants from HSV-infected tissue culture. The stimulatory principle could be passed through a 45-micrometer filter and sedimented at 100,000 x G. It was abolished by UV light, heating at 56 degrees C, and by an anti-HSV serum. The possibility that the observed stimulation was caused by LPS was therefore excluded, and there was a-so no indication of mycoplasma contamination. Partial purification of spleen cells from macrophages resulted in an increased stimulation by HSV. From experiments with nylon columns, anti-theta antibody, and nude mice it was concluded that HSV acted as a B cell mitogen. Strains of both HSV types 1 and 2 were stimulatory for B6 spleen cells. Of nine freshly isolated HSV strains with identical passage history (twice in HEF) four were strongly stimulatory, three showed a moderate stimulation, and two did not stimulate. Spleen cells from A/J and DBA/2 mice were stimulated to the same extent by HSV (WAL) as spleen cells from B6 mice. No viral replication was demonstrable in B6 spleen cell cultures stimulated for DNA synthesis by HSV. Thus our study demonstrates induction of cellular DNA synthesis in B lymphocytes by HSV which is abolished by inactivation of the virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Transformation of skin fibroblast cells of a cystinotic patient by simian virus 40: evidence for an establishment of a permanent cell clone which retains the original metabolism defect.

Human skin fibroblast cells derived from a juvenile patient with nephropathic cystinosis were transformed by simian virus 40. Transformed cell clones were isolated and established in tissue culture. In comparison to the parental cystinotic cells, the newly isolated, transformed cell clones had a higher plating efficiency, a modal chromosome number of 68, grew in soft agar, and showed a nuclear immunofluorescence typical for SV 40-specific tumor (T) antigen. The content of intracellular, unbound cystine in the transformed cell clone was of the same level (6.1 nmol 1/2 cystine/mg protein) as in the parental cystinotic cells (7.4 nmol). Control cells (SV 80 and WI-38) contained normal levels of cystine (0.31 and 0.47 nmol 1/2 cystine/mg protein). The growth characteristics make the transformed cystinotic cell clone suitable for large scale preparation of cellular constituents, i.e. lysosomes which seem to be affected in cystinotic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Differences in susceptibility to herpes simplex virus infection of inbred strains of mice.

Marked differences were observed between the susceptibility of adult C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice to infection with HSV-1. These differences were seen after various infection schedules but were most marked after i.p. infection. A significant difference between the LD50 after i.p. infection was also observed between LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ and the closely related LPS-sensitive C3HeB/FeJ mice. Injection of LPS significantly increased the LD50 after i.p. infection with HSV in C57BL/6 or C3H/HeJ mice but not in C3HeB/FeJ mice. In vitro pretreatment with LPS was necessary to demonstrate replication of HSV in mouse spleen-cell cultures. Such replication could be demonstrated in cultures of DBA/2 and C3HeB/FeJ but not in C57BL/6 or C3H/HeJ mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Immunological studies of hsv-infection of resistant and susceptible inbred strains of mice.

DBA/2 mice were found to be quite susceptible to infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) while C57BL/6 mice and F1 hybrids between the 2 strains were relatively resistant. This difference was most marked after ip infection, but could also be demonstrated after intracerebral, intravenous or subcutaneous infection. In both strains the LD50 was considerably higher after ip infection than after iv infection, and a dose of X-irradiation was required to kill the mice by sc infection. A/J and BALB/c mice were equally susceptible after ip infection but differed significantly after iv infection. C57BL/6 were made susceptible to ip infection by immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum or cyclophosphamide. LPS, when given simultaneously with HSV also markedly increased the susceptibility of C57BL/6 mice. Susceptible DBA/2 mice which surrvived a low dose of HSV ip were not immune but C57BL/6 mice surviving a high dose were immune against rechallenge. Both strains of mice could be protected by an apathogenic, tissue-culture-attenuated strain of HSV against infection with the virulent strain. They could also be protected by iv injection of a sublethal dose against a lethal ip infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Detection of SV40 T antigen with labelled antibodies: radioimmunoassay and autoradiography.

SV40 T antigen, partially purified from SV80, a human cell line, has been used to develop a sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay. In this assay SV40 T antigen was immobilized on microtiter plates, reacted with hamster anti-SV40 T antibody and subsequently with 14C-labelled anti-hamster IgG. The test detected approximately 20 ng of partially purified SV40 T antigen and is rapid and more convenient than the complement fixing reaction. An immunoautoradiographic method which permits the determination of the cellular localization of SV40 T antigen and which is possibly more sensitive than the indirect immunofluorescence method is also described.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗