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K N Haque

Publications and source records attributed to K N Haque.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Intravenous polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulin therapy in sepsis: a review of clinical efficacy in relation to microbiological aetiology and severity of sepsis.

The efficacy of intravenous polyclonal immunoglobulin (IVIG) as adjunct therapy in sepsis has long been debated. Clinical trials have yielded contradicting results, in part due to the varying study design and varying microbiological aetiologies. In most trials, the study drug has been IVIG containing polyclonal IgG. However, in recent reports, the efficacy of IgM-enriched IVIG as adjunct therapy in sepsis has been highlighted. Here we review studies on IgM-enriched IVIG therapy in sepsis and we discuss the clinical efficacy in relation to microbiological aetiology and severity of sepsis. The results suggest that patients most likely to benefit from IgM-enriched IVIG therapy are those with Gram-negative septic shock.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

Neonatal septicemia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1998

Autopsy in a neonatal intensive care unit: utilization patterns and associations of clinicopathologic discordances.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To develop methods to describe autopsy utilization patterns in a neonatal intensive care unit. (2) To identify classes of patients likely to have clinicopathologic concordance or discordance. METHODS: Five hundred forty-five consecutive neonatal intensive care unit deaths (338 autopsied, rate 62%) in a regional tertiary/quaternary care neonatal intensive care unit for referred infants (65,000 annual births) were classified in six clinical diagnostic groups (anomalies, cardiac anomalies, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, prematurity and its complications, infections, and other) and rated in three levels of certainty of clinical diagnosis as "gold standard" certainty, almost complete certainty, and less certain than the latter. Clinicopathologic discordances were rated in three classes using clinical, pathologic, and multidisciplinary mortality conference records. The proportions of autopsied cases, cases with major discordances, and cases with no discordances were compared and analyzed in relation to diagnostic group and level of certainty. RESULTS: Performance of autopsy was associated with clinical diagnostic uncertainty (p = 0.008). Major discordances with implications for outcome (Class I) were found in 3%, and without implications for outcome (Class II) in 15% of cases; 42% of cases had no discordances. Major discordance rate varied inversely with the degree of diagnostic certainty (p = 0.000) and varied among clinical groups. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Autopsy was used most for cases with potential for high yields. (2) Clinicopathologic discordances were more frequent and important in certain clinical diagnostic groups (prematurity, other) and with high levels of diagnostic uncertainty. When the diagnostic "gold standard" is available during life, autopsy will provide little information.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1998

Painful subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn associated with intra-partum use of a calcium channel blocker.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) is a relatively uncommon condition of the skin which is said to be benign and painless. We report an infant with extremely painful SCFN which was relieved only by opiate analgesia. SCFN normally resolves spontaneously within a few weeks. This case is, therefore, also unusual in that symptoms persisted beyond 6 months.

Amlodipine↗
PubMed1995

Determinants of term intrauterine growth retardation: the Saudi experience.

In a clinical study from an unselected Saudi obstetric population, the incidence of and risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation among live births were investigated. From a total study group of 4578 consecutive live births, 76 (1.7%) infants were found to be growth retarded. These infants were then compared with a randomly selected control group of 76 term newborns with appropriate birthweight for their gestational ages. Delivery at term of a growth-retarded infant was significantly associated with maternal age under 20 years, maternal body mass index less than 23, first degree consanguinity, poor housing, primiparity, and inadequate prenatal care in univariate analysis. When considered jointly in multivariate logistic regression analysis, the significant determinants were reduced to primiparity, first degree consanguinity, and poor housing. These risk factors correctly predicted 63% and 71% of the intrauterine growth-retarded infants or normal birthweight infants, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of two types of intravenous immunoglobulins in the treatment of neonatal sepsis.

In a prospective double-blind study, standard intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was compared with an IgM-enriched IVIG in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. The two treatment groups were also compared with matched controls. One hundred and thirty babies (65 in each group) ranging from 0 to 24 days old, 480 to 4200 g in weight and born between 24 and 42 weeks of gestation who had, or were suspected of having, sepsis were given either standard IVIG or IgM-enriched IVIG (250 mg/kg per day) for 4 days in addition to supportive and antibiotic therapy. A further 65 babies who received similar supportive, antibiotic and fluids but not IVIG were used as matched controls. Mortality from infection in 'culture proven sepsis' was 3/44 (6.8%) in the IgM-enriched IVIG group, 6/42 (14.2%) in the standard IVIG group, and 11/43 (25.5%) in the control group (P = 0.017, IgM versus control, P = 0.19 standard IVIG versus control). There was no statistical difference in the outcome between the two immunoglobulin therapy groups (P = 0.25). The study indicates that IVIG improves outcome in neonatal sepsis when used as an adjunct to supportive and antibiotic therapy, but larger studies are required to confirm this.

C-Reactive Protein↗
PubMed1991

Percentile curves for various hematologic measurements at birth in Arab preterm babies of different gestational ages.

Percentile curves were calculated for hemoglobin; hematocrit; total red and white blood cell counts; mean corpuscular volume; mean corpuscular hemoglobin; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; and platelet, neutrophil, band cell, lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, and eosinophil counts in preterm babies of 24 through 36 weeks' gestation. The curves were derived from mainly Saudi Arabian preterm babies who were born in Riyadh, which is just above sea level. Babies born to mothers with hematologic problems or babies who themselves had any evidence of hematologic disorder, blood loss, or disorders that affect hematologic values, eg, asphyxia, were excluded from the reference population. Six hundred two newborns were included in the study; however, after exclusions, the final reference population was 550. A minimum of 50 babies were studied for each gestational age except for gestations of 24 and 25 weeks. For these two gestations, 27 and 21 babies were studied, respectively. The percentile curves should be useful as a guide to the normal range of these variables in babies, particularly those of Arab origin.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1991

Low birthweight in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: incidence and risk factors.

In a multicentre prospective study, we have determined the incidence of low birthweight (LBW) and the main predisposing risk factors. Among 4651 consecutive births over a 5-month period in five hospitals in Riyadh, the overall incidence of LBW was 8.4%. When stillbirths were excluded the incidence of LBW was 7.4% of all live births. Statistical analysis was performed among 638 births (319 LBW infants, i.e. less than or equal to 2499 g and 319 babies weighing 2500 g or more). Of the 28 antenatal risk variables analysed, 13 were found to be significant when studied separately. Of these 13 variables, six were found to be significant predictors of LBW, using stepwise multiple logistic regression. These six variables together correctly predicted 72% and 88% of the LBW babies or normal birthweight babies, respectively. The risk factors thus identified were (i) short gestation, (ii) multiple gestation, (iii) low maternal body mass index, (iv) nulliparity, (v) availability of housework help, and (vi) absence of consanguinity. Measures for reducing these factors are also discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Half a decade of neonatal sepsis, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

In a retrospective study to determine the pattern of neonatal sepsis, all cases admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) between October 1983 and July 1988 at King Khalid University Hospital, in Riyadh were studied. During the review period there were a total of 2117 admissions to the NICU. Of those 1252 (59 per cent) underwent septic screening sometimes during their stay in the NICU. The number of babies with proven bacteremia, i.e.; positive blood and or cerebrospinal fluid culture was 190 (15 per cent). Gram-positive organisms were cultured from 132 (69 per cent) and Gram-negative organisms from 47 (25 per cent) of the babies. The single most frequent organism was Staphylococcus epidermidis accounting for 36 per cent (58/190) of all proven cases. These results differ appreciably from other studies reported previously from Riyadh as well as from some other parts of the world, and stress the need to recognize Staphylococcus epidermidis as an increasingly important pathogen in the newborn nursery.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1989

Do gowns prevent infection in neonatal intensive care units?

In a prospective study we found that gowns had no effect when used by medical and paramedical staff, in reducing infection in a tertiary care neonatal unit. We conclude that the use of gowns in this area is an ineffective and expensive method of preventing nosocomial infection.

Clothing↗
PubMed1988

IgM-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in neonatal sepsis.

Despite the development of newer generation of antibiotics, mortality from neonatal sepsis remains high. In a prospective, randomized study, we investigated the use of IgM-enriched immunoglobulin therapy in neonatal sepsis. Two groups of 30 infants each (matched for gestational age, sex, weight, and other variables) were randomly allocated to receive either antibiotics alone (control group) or antibiotics plus 5 mL/kg/d for four days of IgM-enriched immunoglobulin intravenously (immunotherapy group). Mortality from sepsis in the control group was 20% (6/30), while in the immunotherapy group it was 3.3% (1/30). We conclude that IgM-enriched immunoglobulin therapy in conjunction with antibiotic therapy significantly reduces mortality from neonatal sepsis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Shigella flexneri bacteraemia.

Shigellosis is usually a non-invasive enteric disease, rarely accompanied by extra-intestinal manifestations. Shigella septicaemia is therefore reported in a child aged 10 months. In the laboratory the organism was resistant to ampicillin and only moderately susceptible to chloramphenicol. The patient responded well to cotrimoxazole to which the organism isolated was susceptible in vitro. We recommend that blood as well as faeces should be cultured in exceptionally ill patients with suspected or otherwise confirmed shigella infection.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1985

Prevention of rheumatic fever and heart disease.

This brief overview of current information on rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease focuses on the problems of diagnosis, prevention, and treatment in relatively undeveloped countries.

Adolescent↗