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Biomedical subjects

K Neumann

Publications and source records attributed to K Neumann.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Prazosin in the treatment of hypertension: effect on lipid metabolism].

In an open, non-comparative study, the effect of Prazosin, a selective and competitive inhibitor of alpha-adrenergic receptors, on blood pressure and lipid metabolism was studied in out-patients with hypertension. The pronounced antihypertensive effect of this vasodilator was confirmed. In almost all patients, i.e. in 144 of 171 patients with monotherapy, Prazosin caused a significant decrease of diastolic blood pressure within 3 to 6 weeks (in sitting position reduction to values below 90 mm Hg). This confirms the established antihypertensive effect due to vasodilation. In addition, Prazosin therapy is associated with a significant reduction in total cholesterol (p less than 0.001), a significant increase of HDL-cholesterol (p less than 0.001), a significant reduction of triglycerides (p less than 0.01) during the study period of 26 weeks. Prazosin monotherapy had a more pronounced influence on serum lipids than the combination of Prazosin with a diuretic. Prazosin was tolerated well; only during the first treatment weeks, a higher frequency of side effects due to abrupt reduction of blood pressure was observed, closely correlating with a too rapid increase of daily dose. Due to its proven antihypertensive effect and its favorous influence on lipid metabolism, Prazosin is suited for long-term treatment of hypertension, thus reducing two major risk factors, associated with coronary heart disease.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

Establishment, growth properties, and morphological characteristics of permanent human small cell lung cancer cell lines.

Cell lines from SCLC were established with a success rate of 43% from different metastatic sites of treated and untreated patients. All 6 SCLC cell lines grew as floating cell aggregates without substrate adherence. The degree of aggregation ranged from very tight spheroids to very loose sheets and chains. This gross morphological property showed a striking correlation to the PDT, with short PDTs in loose growing cell lines and long PDTs in tight growing cell lines. Cell size and nuclear features, i.e., chromatin pattern and nucleolar prominence, also seemed to correlate with the PDT and gross morphology. All SCLC cell lines had dense core granules by electron microscopical examination. Several different serum-free and serum-supplemented growth media were tested for their feasibility in establishing and permanently growing SCLC. Serum-free SIT medium and SIT2.5 medium provided the best results in liquid culture. For semisolid SCLC cultivation, R 10 medium was superior to all other media tested. These cell lines are currently under intensive biochemical, molecular biological, and cytogenetical investigation in different laboratories and thus provide a tool for studying the biology of lung cancer.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1987

The exocytosis of human blood platelets. A fast freezing and freeze-substitution analysis.

Human platelets were stimulated with thrombin or collagen in order to induce the release of alpha-granules and dense bodies. The platelets were cryofixed in various stages of exocytosis and subsequently cryosubstituted in acetone containing 4% osmium tetroxide. The platelets embedded in araldite were analyzed in serial sections. The initial changes of the alpha-granules were characterized by an impressive swelling and a dispersal of the granular matrix. Swollen alpha-granules in different stages of exocytosis formed contacts. Between the attached membranes of the alpha-granules electron-dense connections were sometimes observed. In a later stage, the membranes formed a pentalaminar structure (apposition), typical for the prefusion state. After apposition, sequential fusion of single alpha-granules took place and fusions of single or of compound granules with the plasmalemma were observed. The formation of a pore on the platelet surface allowed the passage of granular constituents to the exterior. The dense bodies extruded their electron-dense contents in a similar way after fusion with the plasmalemma but, compared with the alpha-granules, after less extensive swelling. These findings suggest that swelling of the secretory organelles plays an important role for granule fusion and platelet exocytosis. There is some evidence that the characteristic "internal contraction" of cytoskeletal structures in stimulated platelets is not the driving force of the platelet release reaction. An involvement of membranes of the surface connected system in the secretory pathway could not be ascertained.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison between 2 methods of determining photon-induced air activity around medical accelerators].

The authors compare two different methods to determine the activity of the air induced by the bremsstrahlung of medical accelerators. The activities of the air resulting from maximum photon energies of 16 to 42 MeV are measured with a proportional counter tube ("direct measurement") and by means of activation analyses of imidazole, triazole, malonic acid, and urea specimens ("indirect measurement"). The results are compared.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1987

[Arthroscopic diagnosis of the wrist joint].

Arthroscopy of the wrist is a helpful diagnostic procedure. The technique of the arthroscopy of the wrist is described. Initial experience in 22 diagnostic arthroscopies of the wrist is recounted. In six cases operative procedures followed the diagnostic arthroscopy.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1986

Morphological predictors of survival in advanced gastric carcinoma univariate and multivariate analysis.

In 76 curative resected advanced gastric carcinomas, the relationships between macro- and microscopy of the carcinoma and the survival rate were studied by univariate and multivariate survival analyses. In the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (product limit estimator), significant influence on survival rate was found for tumor size, Laurén type, number of lymphocytes, tumor fibrosis, and N stage. In the multivariate survival analysis of covariates according to the Cox regression model, in macroscopically evaluable variables the tumor size was effective, in bioptically evaluable variables the number of plasma cells and the histological type. Concerning the primary tumor, the same set of variables presents significant correlations to survival time. Adding the involvement of lymph nodes, Laurén type, and N stage express all significant correlations of the tumor to survival rate. In parametric multivariate stepwise regression analyses of survival time, all variables working in the Cox proportional hazard model were very ineffective. But adaption of the Kaplan-Meier test to the effective variables of multivariate survival analysis elucidates the tight relationships between survival rate and these variables. No distinct relationships are present between variables of primary tumor and presence of lymph nodes metastases or N stage respectively.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1986

[Functional treatment of fractures of the upper and lower extremities. Results of 3 years' experience].

The use of plastic boxes in functional treatment of bone fractures has satisfactorily helped to speed up non-invasive reintegration of patients to their normal environment. The time of treatment can thus be considerably reduced. Correct indication, short-interval follow-up checks in the initial phase, and the patient's cooperative attitude are essential to good success. Brace treatment of upper arm fractures, ulnar fractures, and closed tibial fractures have been three of many indications suggested by Sarmiento which have proved to yield good results at "Bergmannsheil Bochum".

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Effects of intravenous nitroglycerin on ventricular ectopic beats in acute myocardial infarction.

Ventricular premature beats (VPBs) in 21 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were continuously recorded on magnetic tape by means of an automatic arrhythmia monitor and counted manually. The patients were sequentially assigned to either a control (n = 11) or nitroglycerin group (n = 10). Both groups were comparable for age as well as for onset, localization, and extension of infarction. Recording in the control groups was begun at a mean of 9.3 hours following onset of infarction as obtained from patient history. This interval was 12.0 hours in the nitroglycerin group. At the start of therapy, the number of VPBs was identical in both groups. Ten patients received a mean of 2.1 mg of nitroglycerin per hour intravenously for 48 hours, whereas the control group received no specific therapy. The number of VPBs in the control group increased progressively until the sixth hour of registration and reached a maximum of 165% of the baseline value before subsequently declining. Nitroglycerin administration was associated with a significantly more rapid reduction in ventricular arrhythmias: 6 hours after onset of recording, the number of VPBs had declined to 39% of the baseline value (p less than 0.05 compared to control group). This study demonstrates that nitroglycerin reduces ventricular ectopic beats in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗