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K Neumann

Publications and source records attributed to K Neumann.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Space-occupying lesions of the lacrimal gland in CT and MRI exemplified by 4 cases].

In an extended case report, we discuss four cases with masses in the lacrimal fossa representing the most important entities in this region (lymphoma, pleomorphadenoma, inflammatory pseudotumor, and malignant epithelial tumor). The different indications for CT and MRI are explained. For the differential diagnosis of lacrimal gland lesions, the following imaging parameters are important: the shape of the lacrimal gland, the inner structure, the degree of contrast enhancement, and the surrounding bony structures. In the evaluation of the expansion of lacrimal gland lesions, CT in thin slices with multiplanar reconstructions is equal to MRI. However, the contrast-enhancement of lacrimal glands is better evaluated with MRI than with CT. The bony structures are better visualized on CT than on MRI.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1994

Localisation of hyaluronate (HA) in primary tumors and nude mouse xenografts of human pancreatic carcinomas using a biotinylated HA-binding protein.

A biotinylated hyaluronate (HA)-binding protein isolated from bovine cartilage was used to analyze the distribution of HA in nude mouse xenografts derived from human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines as well as in primary human pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The most reproducible results for the localisation of HA were obtained using cryostat sections. When the biotinylated HA-binding protein was applied to histological sections of nude mouse xenografts, the specific staining found could be inhibited by preincubating the HA-binding protein with an excess of HA or by hyaluronidase treatment of the tissue before staining. The highest HA concentration was found at the tumor boundaries, while in the central part of the tumor staining was slight or absent. In cryostat sections of primary tumors HA was found predominantly in the connective tissue immediately around tumor cells or at the border between the tumor and normal pancreatic tissue.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Clinical, radiological and histological findings in desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma.

The clinical course and radiological and histological findings in a 30-month-old boy suffering from desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma are reported. The child's development was normal until a series of complex partial seizures occurred at the age of 7 months. Cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic mass with intensive ring-shaped contrast enhancement in the right temporal fossa without shift of intracranial structures. Histologically, the firm, grayish tumor showed an enormous amount of connective tissue, cystic areas, and some mitoses. Glial and neuronal cell lines were identified by immunocytochemical methods. Eighteen months after surgery the boy had developed well without any neurological dysfunction; no radiation or chemotherapy was given. For the first time a synopsis of radiological findings in this rare brain tumor is correlated with the results of multiple histological and immunocytochemical studies. Despite some malignant characteristics, the prognosis of this dysontogenetic brain tumor is good.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical studies on specificity and affinity of the BB5-antibody against human parathyroid tissue.

Localisation of parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism may be difficult with standard methods. Immunoscintigraphy, using radiolabeled antibodies against epitopes of human parathyroid cells, could be a promising alternative. Therefore, we studied the necessary preconditions, whether the so-called BB5-antibody, directed against parathyroid cell membranes possesses sufficient specificity and affinity to be employed in immunoscintigraphy. Specificity was tested immunohistochemically with APAAP-staining of 39 different human tissues. Additionally, an immunoscore-based quantitative comparison was performed to test the affinity of BB5-antibody for normal and pathologic parathyroid tissue. Specificity was proven by the fact that of all 39 tested tissue-types only the parathyroid tissue was BB5-positive. Normal parathyroid tissue showed a significantly higher affinity to the BB5-antibody than pathologic parathyroid tissue (p < 0.03). However, all tissue samples from primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism exhibited sufficient staining. We conclude that the BB5-antibody fulfills the necessary conditions to be tried for immunoscintigraphical localisation of the parathyroid glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Osteoplastic bone metastases in prostatic carcinoma: magnetic resonance tomography and bone marrow scintigraphy].

MRI of the vertebral column was performed in 28 patients with histologically confirmed prostate carcinoma. Besides routine spin-echo sequences all patients were examined with gradient-echo sequences using the chemical shift mode. In addition, in all patients bone marrow scintigraphy (BMS) was performed, and all results were compared with routine bone scan (BS). In our study BMS was not superior to bone scan. In contrast, MRI scan revealed solitary metastases in two patients with negative BS and BMS. Osteoplastic metastases showed a contrast enhancement in the MRI and could be distinguished from benign alterations.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[The spiral CT of orbital space-occupying lesions: improved imaging possibilities via freely reconstructible planes].

In a prospective study the value of spiral CT for the detection and differential diagnosis of intraorbital masses was investigated. Thirty patients with various orbital diseases were examined with transverse spiral computed tomography. After performing two contiguous 1 mm spiral CT scans, coronal, parasagittal, and other reconstructions were obtained. Compared with separately generated 2 mm slices, the 1 mm spiral CT images showed a slightly decreased signal-to-noise ratio, but due to the better spatial resolution, the image quality of secondary reconstructions was similar to that of the original transverse spiral CT slices. Generally the orbital masses were visualized best in the coronal reconstruction. In certain cases, the parasagittal reconstructions were superior. Reconstructions in freely definable slice planes based on 1 mm spirals provides better visualization of orbital diseases without increasing radiation dose. This method allows multiplanar reconstructions similar to magnetic resonance tomography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Cerebral arteriovenous angiomas: 3-dimensional demonstration by spiral CT].

In 20 patients with known or suspected supratentorial arteriovenous malformations, an attempt was made to see how far CT angiography with 3-dimensional reconstructions is able to make a diagnosis and to differentiate the various components of the angioma. Spiral CT was performed following an intravenous bolus injection of 60-80 ml of iodine containing contrast medium. In all patients the diagnosis was confirmed by intra-arterial DSA of the vertebral vessels. In 13 patients, av malformations could be diagnosed following multiplanar 3-D reconstructions which agreed with the findings on DSA. The large supplying vessels, the nidus and the large draining veins could be defined with certainty. In 6 patients follow-up examination after embolisation was performed. The results could be demonstrated in three dimensions and the success of treatment could be documented unequivocally. CT angiography with 3-D reconstruction is able to supply important information in the majority of intracranial av malformations, both during initial investigation and following treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Long term results of unicondylar fractures of the femur.

Twenty-four unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center "Bergmannsheil," University of Bochum, Germany, between 1981 and 1990. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma. There were 16 lateral condylar fractures, five medial condylar fractures, and three tangential posterior ("Hoffa-type") fractures. Twenty-three closed injuries and one grade IIIB open fracture are included. Nine patients (37.5%) sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton. All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission. Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight bearing for 6-8 weeks progressing to full weight bearing. The mean follow-up was 62 months (24-120). The therapeutic outcome (clinical result, radiographs) was rated by the Neer score. Twenty patients were rated excellent, three achieved satisfactory results, and one had an unsatisfactory result. All patients without an excellent outcome had accompanying injuries. Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provides overall excellent long-term results. The therapeutic outcome is significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis before operation protects against lethal consequences of postoperative peritonitis.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative peritonitis has a high mortality in human beings. It is accepted that cytokines are important mediators in pathophysiology of sepsis. The recent failure of clinical trials increased the necessity to proof new drugs in more clinically relevant animal models. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in addition to an antibiotic in postoperative peritonitis. METHODS: Dose-response curves and experimental conditions were developed in a total of 295 rats. The main experiment included three groups: control animals receiving a fecal inoculum, a group treated with antibiotic, and a third group receiving G-CSF in addition to the antibiotic. The main outcome was death, but in addition, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) level was determined. RESULTS: The mortality rate of 60% in antibiotic treated animals was considerably reduced by G-CSF to 20%. All animals of the control group died during the observation period of 120 hours. A correlation between TNF levels and mortality rate was observed. In G-CSF treated animals total suppression of TNF serum levels was accessible in contrast to the others. CONCLUSIONS: In a clinically relevant animal model G-CSF was effective as an additional concept of prophylaxis. These data are promising toward clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Immunosuppressive treatment in autoreactive myocarditis--results from a controlled trial.

It is still a matter of controversy whether immunosuppressive therapy is beneficial in patients with acute myocarditis, although autoimmune mechanisms play an important role in the development of myocarditis and its sequelae, for example, in dilated heart muscle disease, particularly because it is postulated that in man immunosuppression may aggravate the viral cell damage that is proposed to trigger the myocarditis. We report the clinical (NYHA-class), haemodynamic (improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index), histological (infiltrate, fibrosis, myocyte hypertrophy) and immunohistological (immunoglobulin and C3-binding) findings in a controlled study including 17 patients with active myocarditis or acute perimyocarditis who were treated with a combination of prednisone and azathioprine for 3 months. We compared them with 21 patients of comparable clinical and haemodynamic compromise who underwent conventional treatment. Follow-up examinations were performed after 3 months. There was significant improvement of ejection fraction and NYHA-classification under immunosuppressive treatment. Infiltrates were reduced significantly in the immunosuppressed patients group only. Binding of IgG and IgM in the endomyocardial biopsy was diminished slightly but not significantly by both regimens. Fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy were augmented in both treatment arms. There was no difference with respect to prognosis: four patients died or underwent heart transplantation in the immunosuppressive treatment group compared to five conventionally treated patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Generalised giant-cell tumour of bone: successful treatment of pulmonary metastases with interferon alpha, a case report.

We report on a 37-year-old female patient with generalised giant-cell tumour of the bone, whose tumour was refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Subsequent treatment with interferon alpha 2a in increasing dosage from 4 x 10(6) IU (three times a week) to 9 x 10(6) IU (three times a week) led to a significant decrease of pulmonary metastases and a stabilisation of the disease after 12 months of treatment. In progressive chemotherapy refractory giant-cell tumour interferon alpha 2a may be of therapeutic benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Expression and distribution of VLA receptors in the pancreas: an immunohistochemical study.

Very late activation (VLA) receptors mediate cell adhesion to extracellular matrix, mainly by acting as adhesion receptors to fibronectin, collagen, and laminin as well as to other cells. These interactions not only regulate normal cell-extracellular matrix contact, but also are thought to be involved in metastasis and invasive tumor growth. Using immunohistochemistry [the alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique] we compared the expression and distribution of VLA receptors in normal pancreatic tissue, chronic pancreatitis, and ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, VLA alpha 2 and VLA alpha 6 were moderately to strongly expressed on the basal surface of ductal and acinar cells in normal pancreatic tissue, whereas centroacinar cells predominantly expressed VLA alpha 3 and VLA alpha 5. Similarly, pancreatic carcinoma showed an intensive staining for VLA alpha 2 and VLA alpha 6 with a diffuse distribution on the cell surface. Expression of VLA alpha 3 and VLA alpha 5 in pancreatic carcinoma was heterogeneous, ranging from moderate to weak and lost in about 50% of the cells. As our results suggest, cell-basement membrane interaction in ductal and acinar pancreatic cells is primarily mediated through VLA alpha 2 and VLA alpha 6, whereas VLA alpha 3 and VLA alpha 5 are the major VLA receptors on centroacinar cells. In pancreatic carcinoma a loss (VLA alpha 5) or redistribution (VLA alpha 2, VLA alpha 6) of VLAs was observed. This redistribution of VLA alpha 2 and VLA alpha 6 may reflect a loss of spatial arrangement of tumor cells and their ability to randomly interact with extracellular matrix structures during invasion and metastasis.

Cell Membrane↗