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Biomedical subjects

K Nezu

Publications and source records attributed to K Nezu.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of thymomas.

In this study, the prognostic value of determining the nuclear DNA content of thymomas by flow cytometry was evaluated. Of a total 31 resected thymomas, 10 (32%) showed DNA aneuploidy, the presence of which was significantly correlated with an advanced clinical stage of disease. The patients with an aneuploid tumor had a poorer prognosis than those with a diploid tumor, demonstrating a survival rate of 50% at 7 postoperative years, which was considerably less favorable than that of the patients with a diploid tumor, being 100% in the same period (p < 0.05). Moreover, patients with a high DNA index (DI), i.e., a DI >or= 1.5, tended to have a poorer prognosis than those with a low DI. These findings indicated that the DNA content can be an important prognostic index in patients with thymomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Subjective vertical and vestibular lesion.

Patients with peripheral vestibular disorders may experience postural instability in the standing position, which means disorientation in their environment. The disturbed vestibular function in light reflects the postural instability in space. The present study investigates the relationship between the subjective vertical and the vestibular lesion. The subjects were patients with unilateral vestibular lesion, and the control subjects had no past history of vestibular lesion or any present vestibular lesion. A straight line consisting of 5 spotlights projected on a dome-shaped screen was concentrically moved like a stylus by pressing buttons. We measured the subjective vertical of the subjects using a 5-spotlight straight-line (spotlight-line) on a dome-shaped screen in front of which the subjects were placed. The result showed that the patients with unilateral peripheral disorder had a statistically significantly larger deviation to the impaired ear side, especially when the spotlight-line was moved from the impaired side, as compared with controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Morphological examination of the lung tissue ablated with Nd;YAG laser in the treatment of bullous pulmonary disease].

We conducted a morphologic examination of ablated pleurae and bullae to assess the efficacy of Nd;YAG laser irradiation to the lung tissue for the treatment of bullous pulmonary disease. Pleurae and bullae from surgically resected lung tissue to treat pulmonary carcinoma were ablated using a Nd;YAG laser at a power of 10 watts and 1.5 seconds within a 1-centimeter-diameter circle (about 0.2 joule/cm2). Samples were analyzed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Nd;YAG laser irradiation caused elastic fiber-contraction and gel from collagen both in pleurae irradiated once and in bullae irradiated three times. We conclude that Nd;YAG laser irradiation can be applied to ablate pleurae and bullae into a tight and continuous structure which is important in preventing air leak from the pulmonary parenchyma.

Emphysema↗
PubMed1994

Cytotoxicity of chlorinated hydrocarbons and lipid peroxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes.

The effects of 11 chlorinated hydrocarbons on toxicological parameters and lipid peroxidation were examined in cultured rat hepatocytes. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released and the protein amount in cells attached to culture dishes. Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and phosphatidylethanolamine hydroperoxide (PEOOH) levels were determined by HPLC with chemiluminescence detection (CL-HPLC). Severe cytotoxicity was observed under the presence of the carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene and 1,3-dichloropropene in a concentration of 10 mM. The cellular PCOOH and PEOOH levels were remarkably increased (more than 4 times) by adding these 4 chlorinated hydrocarbons. The other 7 chlorinated hydrocarbons examined did not cause any change on the cellular phospholipid hydroperoxide levels, and showed lower or no cytotoxicity at a concentration of 10 mM. The peroxidative degradation of membrane phospholipids may play an important role in causing the cytotoxicity of some chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[The relationship between postoperative changes of exercise capacity and pulmonary blood flow in the residual lung after lobectomy of the lung].

The purpose of this study is to investigate a relationship between the postoperative change of exercise capacity judged by the change of peal oxygen consumption and the pulmonary blood flow of the residual lung after lobectomy. Twenty eight patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer received an exercise tolerance test and 99mTc-MAA perfusion lung scans before and after lobectomy. The change rate in the peak level of oxygen consumption (peak VO2) did not differ depending on the number of resected sub-segments. A good correlation was found between the reduction of perfusion ratio of the lung of the operated side (delta Q) and that of the peak level of oxygen consumption (delta peak VO2) (r = 0.74, p < 0.01). A reduction in delta Q and delta peak VO2 was remarkable in patients with postoperative respiratory complications such as atelectasis and pulmonary air leakage. These results indicate that the perfusion lung scans at rest before and after surgery would be able to predict the change of exercise capacity after lobectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Vascular reconstruction of carotid artery invaded by extensive parotid gland carcinoma.

A 63-year-old male with the left parotid gland carcinoma was operated with the reconstruction of the left carotid artery after the left radical neck dissection. The greater saphenous vein was used for the vein graft between the left common carotid artery and the medial cerebral artery. Postoperatively, a temporary loss of consciousness and a half body paresis of the contralateral side occurred, but they were recovered completely in 12 hours. Postoperative angiography showed a good blood flow in the reconstructed vessel.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of various methods to close the stump of the main bronchus after pneumonectomy].

In 58 patients who underwent pneumonectomy, the stumps of the main bronchus were sutured manually (by the Sweet method in 13, the Overholt method in 12, and the modified Overholt method in 8) or with machines (TA-30 + S method in 15, TA-30 + O method in 10), and the methods to close the stump were evaluated according to the outcome and postoperative endoscopic findings. Cancer was positive at the stump in 3, and rupture of the membranous portion was observed in 1 in the mechanical suture group. Bronchial fistula was observed in 2 (12%) of the 25 patients in the mechanical suture group but in none of the 33 patients in the manual suture group. The line of closure of the bronchial stump observed by endoscopy was perpendicular to the crest at the tracheal bifurcation in patients sutured by the Sweet or TA-30 + S method, angulated in a chevron shape in many of those sutured by the Overholt method and those sutured by TA-30 + O method, and parallel to the crest in part of those sutured by Overholt method and those sutured by modified Overholt method. The mucosa at the stump was uneven in many patients who showed chevron shaped closure lines. By the modified Overholt method, the wall of the main bronchus could be resected more extensively, the mucosa at the stump was smooth, and the airway lumen showed no marked deformation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content in resected thymomas].

Nuclear DNA contents were determined by flow cytometry in 31 resected thymomas. Ten (32%) of the 31 thymomas showed DNA aneuploid, and the presence of aneuploidy was well correlated with advanced clinical stage. Patients with an aneuploid tumor had a poor prognosis than those with a diploid tumor, demonstrating a survival rate of 50% at 7 years in aneuploidy compared to 100% at the same period in diploid patients (p < 0.05). In addition, patients with a high DNA index (DI > or = 1.5) tended to have a poor prognosis than those with a low DI. The analysis of DNA content can be an important prognostic index in patients with a thymoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Combined resection of respiratory tract for thoracic esophageal carcinoma].

Thirty seven patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma underwent esophagectomy combined with resection of respiratory tract. In 5 patients who received resection with the trachea or bronchus, 1 patient survived more than two years. His status of lymph node metastasis was n2 positive, and surgical margin was free of cancer. These findings show that negative surgical margin and certain lymph-adenectomy are required to obtain good prognosis. A half of 32 patients who received combined resection of the lung had no invasion into the lung tissue pathologically. Five-year survival rate of 32 patients was 22.9%. We concluded that combined resection of the lung was safe procedure and showed satisfactory outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

In vitro antitumor activity of mitomycin C derivative (RM-49) and new anticancer antibiotics (FK973) against lung cancer cell lines determined by tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay.

Seven small- (SCLC) and four non-small-cell (NSCLC) lung cancer cell lines were used to examine the in vitro cytotoxicity of cytotoxic drugs such as (1aS-(1a alpha,8 beta,8a alpha,8b alpha]-8-[aminocarbonyl)oxy)methyl)-4,8a- dimethoxy-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-7-hydroxy-5-methyl-6- nitrosoazirino(2',3':3,4)-pyrrolo-(1,2-a)indole (RM-49) and 11-acetyl-8-carboxymethyl-4-formyl-14oxa-1,11-diaze- tetracyclo(7.4.1.0(2,7),0(10,12]tetradeca-2-4-6-trien-6,9-++ +diyl-diacetate (FK973). In vitro cytotoxicities of RM-49 and FK973 were compared with those of mitomycin C (MMC), cisplatin (CDDP), carboplatin (CBDCA), etoposide (VP16), adriamycin (ADM) and vindesin (VDS). Drug sensitivity was determined using a tetrazolium (MTT)-based assay. Average IC50 values of these two drugs were not statistically different compared with that of MMC, although FK973 showed strong antitumor activity against SCLC cell lines such as LT3, N857, and H69 at the same concentration. The predicted peak plasma concentration (predicted PPC) calculated by the formula proposed by Scheithauer, log (predicted PPC) = -0.788 + (0.755 x log(LD50], and relative antitumor activity, RAA (PPC/IC50), of RM-49 were higher than those of other drugs such as MMC, CDDP, CBDCA, and ADM against SCLC cell lines (P less than or equal to 0.05), and those of FK973 were also higher than those of other drugs such as MMC, CDDP, CBDCA, and ADM against SCLC cell lines (P less than or equal to 0.05). Based on these promising in vitro studies, the clinical trials of RM-49 and FK973 were warranted.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The change in body composition after bilateral lung volume reduction surgery for underweight patients with severe emphysema.

The aim of this study was to examine the short-term effect of lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) on body composition and other nutritional indicators in 28 patients with emphysema underwent thoracoscopic LVRS. Functional tests, body weight (BW), and body composition were measured before and 6 months after surgery. Mean daily caloric intake (CI) was estimated by 3-day dietary record as well. Fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). FEV1.0 and VO2max have improved after LVRS by 35.2% and 23.8%, respectively. Preoperatively, 75% of patients were underweight (% ideal body weight (%IBW) <90) with the mean %IBW at 84.5%. BW, CI, and FFM increased significantly after LVRS, whereas FM was unchanged. The change in BW correlated significantly with the change in FEV1.0, MVV, and VO2max (p < 0.01) but not with CI. Bilateral LVRS results in an increase in FFM and functional improvement for underweight patients with severe emphysema, and it may contribute to the improvement in maximal exercise capacity.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Generalized intraperitoneal seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after microwave coagulation therapy: a case report.

We first describe a case of generalized intraperitoneal seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after microwave coagulation therapy (MCT). A 61 year-old man underwent operative MCT for an exophytic HCC, 60 mm in diameter, in segment IV of his cirrhotic liver. Despite successful tumor ablation, the serum alpha-fetoprotein levels continuously rose after MCT. Five months later, radiographic examinations delineated several perihepatic masses with hypervascularity, and the patient presented with constipation. At the second laparotomy, there were numerous small peritoneal metastases involving the entire peritoneal cavity and slightly bloody ascites. An omental mass, 50 mm in diameter, involved the transverse colon. Most of these intraabdominal masses were removed together with the involved colon. Histologically, the initial tumor was a moderately differentiated HCC, and the peritoneal masses were poorly differentiated HCCs. The patient died of rapid tumor progression and bleeding 2 months later. In conclusion, we should be aware of the possible occurrence of peritoneal seeding after MCT for HCC. Every effort should be made to prevent this serious complication, particularly in cases of superficial, large, and less differentiated HCCs.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Protection against lipid peroxidation induced during preservation of lungs for transplantation.

The questions of whether oxygen-derived free radicals are induced during preservation of lungs and, if so, how such radicals might relate to reperfusion injury were investigated by means of an isolated canine lung model. Lungs were obtained from 16 mongrel dogs and divided into groups 1 (n = 6), 2 (n = 5), and 3 (n = 5). The lungs of groups 1, 2, and 3 were flushed through the pulmonary artery with Euro-Collins solution alone, the solution with superoxide dismutase (120,000 U/L), and the solution with allopurinol (1 mmol/L), respectively, at 4 degrees C and then stored for 4 hours in the respective solutions at 4 degrees C with clamped bronchi. They were then reperfused for 2 hours by means of an isolated lung model. Lung lipid peroxidation was sequentially determined. The lung functional status was assessed by systolic pulmonary arterial pressure and end-inspiratory airway pressure. The lung edema was assessed by lung wet/dry weight ratio. Lipid peroxidation was induced after 1 hour of preservation and the first 30 minutes of the reperfusion in group 1 and only 2 hours of the reperfusion in group 2, whereas no induction was observed in group 3. Values for systolic pulmonary arterial pressure and end-inspiratory pressure in group 1 were significantly higher than those in group 3 (p < 0.05). The lung wet/dry weight ratio in group 1 was significantly higher than that in groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.05). The present results indicate that the administration of free radical scavengers in the preservation may effectively improve conditions for lung transplantation.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite sporadic reports of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) associated with hepatolithiasis, this entity has not been widely studied. The purpose of this study was to clarify its clinical features and optimal management by studying the 10 patients we have encountered with this condition. METHODOLOGY: There were six women and four men, with a mean age of 61 years. The patients underwent anatomic hepatic resection (n = 5) or biliary drainage (n = 5). The clinical features and results of surgery were studied. RESULTS: The characteristic findings included tumor-related symptoms, irregular ductal stricture or obstruction, and hepatic lobar atrophy with a whitish mass. The tumor and stones were located in the same hepatic lobe. Eight patients had advanced CC with periductal tumor infiltration, while two had in situ carcinoma characterized by intraductal tumor growth, papillary adenocarcinoma, and mucin-hypersecretion. Seven patients died within 6 months after surgery, while the remaining three, including the two with in situ carcinomas and one with an involved node at the dissected hilum, are alive more than 4 years after anatomic hepatic resection. CONCLUSIONS: Recognition of the clinical features of CC associated with hepatolithiasis, which were clarified in this study, is important in treating patients with hepatolithiasis. An anatomic hepatic resection with hilar nodal dissection offers long-term survival in selected patients.

Adult↗