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Biomedical subjects

K Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to K Nishimura.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Indocyanine green (TCG) clearance as a monitor to evaluate right heart function].

Systemic venous return to the heart is disturbed as a result of right heart failure. ICG clearance is known to be influenced by hepatic venous return to the right atrium. Under a hypothesis that right heart function could be evaluated by ICG clearance test, patients with mitral valve disease (Group M, n = 29), aortic valve disease (Group A, n = 16), ischemic heart disease (Group CABG, n = 19) were studied. Preoperative K-ICG (normal range > 0.17) in the Group M was significantly lower than those in the Group A and Group CABG (0.097 +/- 0.037 vs 0.166 +/- 0.032 and 0.171 +/- 0.027, p < 0.05). In the Group M, patients who underwent tricuspid annuloplasty (TAP) had significantly lower K-ICG than the others (0.077 +/- 0.026 vs 0.113 +/- 0.038, p < 0.05). Postoperatively, K-ICG of TAP patients significantly increased (0.092 +/- 0.031, p < 0.05) when compared to their preoperative value. ICG clearance test was useful to quantify the right heart function, especially in the postoperative evaluation.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[Mitomycin C dissolved in a reversible thermo-setting gel: effect on aqueous flare in the rabbit eye].

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of mitomycin C (MMC) dissolved in a gel, which is as effective as a higher dose of aqueous MMC solution, on aqueous flare in rabbits. METHOD: We injected subconjunctivally a 0.1 ml solution of MMC containing 30, 10, 3.0, or 0.3 micrograms of MMC dissolved in a reversible thermo-setting gel in pigmented rabbits. As a control, a 0.1 ml aqueous solution of 30 micrograms MMC was injected subconjunctivally. Aqueous flare was measured for 28 days after the injection. RESULTS: The aqueous flare in the 30 micrograms gel group was also level similar to that in the 30 micrograms aqueous solution group, but the aqueous flare in the 10, 3.0, and 0.3 micrograms gel groups was significantly lower. The increase in the aqueous flare following the administration of MMC gel was dose-dependent. CONCLUSION: The administration of MMC dissolved in a gel can diminish the ocular inflammation by reducing the dose of MMC needed for the antiproliferative effect.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Renal inflammatory pseudotumor after embolization for arteriovenous malformation: a case report].

A 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of asymptomatic macrohematuria. Because he was diagnosed with arteriovenous malformation of the right kidney by angiography, embolization was performed. However, 2 years and 3 months later, bleeding from the right kidney was detected. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a low density area (1.8 cm) in the right kidney protruding to the renal pelvic adjacent to the old embolized lesion. Since we could not make a conclusive diagnosis as malignant disease by ureteroscopy and angiography, we have decided to follow the case carefully. Nine months later, macroscopic hematuria worsened, and the low density area by CT in the right kidney expanded. Therefore, we finally decided to perform right total nephroureterectomy. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as renal inflammatory pseudotumor. This is the 14th case reported in Japan. We here report the renal inflammatory pseudotumor with a review of the Japanese literature.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed2000

New PCR primer pairs specific for Candida dubliniensis and detection of the fungi from the Candida albicans clinical isolates in Japan.

The genetic patterns of Candida dubliniensis, including type strain, were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method in comparison with those of reference Candida albicans genotypes A, B and C strains. This RAPD pattern analysis showed that the patterns of two strains of C. dubliniensis including the type strain are very similar to the three oligo PCR primers used, but different from other C. albicans genotypes A, B and C strains with most of the PCR primers tested. The RAPD band considered to be specific for C. dubliniensis in one oligo primer was extracted and sequenced. Based on the sequence information (417-bp), two new PCR primer pairs specific for C. dubliniensis were prepared. The survey of 58 strains of Candida clinical isolates using these newly prepared PCR primer pairs identified as C. albicans in Japan suggested the presence of one strain of C. dubliniensis. The phenotypic characteristics and the sequence analysis of the variable D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA of the strain confirmed that it belongs to C. dubliniensis. The usefulness and specificity of these PCR primer pairs for the identification of C. dubliniensis are discussed.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Ejaculated spermatozoa in patients with non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Non-mosaic Klinefelter patients are generally azoospermic and there is no therapy to improve the spermatogenesis. Some patients have a few spermatozoa in their ejaculates, which can be used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), but only a few cases resulting in a successful birth have been reported. METHODS: Out of 52 non-mosaic 47,XXY Klinefelter patients, four cases having spermatozoa in their ejaculates were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed in three cases using their ejaculates and resulted in one chemical abortion and one death in utero (8 weeks). Using testicular sperm, one patient had a healthy baby with a normal karyotype. CONCLUSION: Some non-mosaic Klinefelter patients have ejaculated sperm that can result in a successful birth following ICSI. However, the birth rate is very low compared with the fertilization rate, suggesting increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of preoperative factors on intraoperative oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve].

The position of oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve (ODC) expressed with P50, has a large influence on the oxygen supply. It has been reported that during hypoxia with increased oxygen demand, P50 can increase with a reduction in oxygen affinity. In this study, we investigated the effect of preoperative factors on intraoperative P50 and the relation between the P50 values of the mixed venous blood and those of internal jugular bulb venous blood in seventy patients for cardiac surgery. Preoperative reduction in percentage vital capacity (%VC) and reduced hemoglobin concentration were associated significantly with an increase in intraoperative P50 value. The P50 act (P50 value with only temperature adjusted to 37 degrees C) of the internal jugular bulb venous blood was significantly higher than that of mixed venous blood. These results suggest that intraoperative tolerance to hypoxia and the increase in oxygen demand might be reduced in patients with preoperative abnormality of %VC and the hemoglobin concentration. And this tolerance might be limited in brain.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Plasma endotoxin and serum cytokine levels in patients with alcoholic hepatitis: relation to severity of liver disturbance.

BACKGROUND: Endotoxin plays an important role in the initiation and aggravation of alcoholic liver disease. In this study, we evaluated plasma endotoxin levels and serum concentrations of cytokines and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) during the acute and recovery phase of patients with alcoholic hepatitis; we also explored the prognostic factors associated with a fatal outcome. METHODS: Fourteen patients, consisting of eight patients with alcoholic hepatitis (AH), five cirrhotics with superimposed AH (LC+AH), and one patient with severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH), were studied. Among these, two with LC+AH died of hepatic failure. RESULTS: Plasma endotoxin levels in the acute phase were higher in patients with AH (184.4 +/- 159.4 pg/ml) and LC+AH (206.9 +/- 174.9 pg/ml) than in healthy subjects (10.4 +/- 5.5 pg/ml, p < 0.001). In particular, in one patient with SAH and one of two nonsurvivors, plasma endotoxin levels were markedly high relative to the other cases. In most survivors, plasma endotoxin levels decreased in the recovery phase, whereas they further increased at the terminal stage in one of two nonsurvivors. Serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels in the acute phase were significantly higher in patients with AH and LC+AH as compared with healthy subjects. These levels were especially high in nonsurvivors and in one patient with SAH. IL-10 increased in two nonsurvivors, one patient with SAH, and one with LC+AH. In the recovery phase, these cytokine levels in survivors tended to decrease, but in nonsurvivors, IL-6 remained high, and IL-8 and IL-10 further increased. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were below the detection limit throughout the course in all patients. Serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) generally was elevated in the acute phase and decreased in the recovery phase in all survivors, but in one of the nonsurvivors, LBP was elevated markedly at the terminal stage. In the acute phase, plasma endotoxin levels were correlated positively with white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, and serum IL-8. IL-8 was correlated positively with neutrophil counts and negatively with serum cholinesterase, hepaplastin test, and serum albumin levels. IL-6 was correlated positively with white blood cell and neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein, and serum total bilirubin and negatively with hepaplastin test and serum total protein levels. Serum LBP was correlated positively with white blood cell and neutrophil counts. CONCLUSIONS: Endotoxemia and related elevation of IL-8 may play an important role in the activation and migration of neutrophils in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Marked elevation of inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8, are related to severity and poor prognosis of alcoholic hepatitis. Serum LBP may serve as an index of inflammatory reaction in alcoholics.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed2000

[Intrascrotal lipoma: a case report].

A 72-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of right painless swelling of extratesticular scrotal content. Laboratory examinations were unremarkable. Under the diagnosis of an intrascrotal lipoma, the tumor was resected. The removed specimen weighed 115 g. Histopathological findings revealed lipoma. Other cases from the Japanese publications, together with our case, are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Hepatic function after surgical repair of constrictive pericarditis].

We report the results of long-term follow up in 9 patients who underwent pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis. In order to test whether if congestive liver dysfunction due to the disease could be reversible or not after the surgical repair, the patients were evaluated by indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test. All the patients improved in NYHA classification after long-term periods following surgical repairs. The percentage of ICG retention at 15 minutes (ICG-R15) improved in most of the patients. However, two patients who had a long history from the onset before surgery became worse in ICG-R15. From the above reports, reversibility of hepatic function might be dependent on the duration of liver congestion before surgical repairs.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Geographic grouping of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprint patterns and ITS sequence divergence.

Eleven reference strains of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns using three oligo primers. Three major RAPD pattern profiles (profiles I, II and III) were identified with A-1 oligo primer. Each profile was found to relate to a geographic region. Since the strains which belong to profiles I and II were mainly the isolates from America, and profile III from Asia with A-1 primer, these three profiles were assigned to the geographic grouping of America-1, America-2 and Asia, respectively. Analysis of rDNA sequences coding an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of C. neformans var. gattii revealed that the fungus with each RAPD profile has characteristic base sequences at the four positions (10 and 15 positions in ITS1 and 8 and 56 positions at ITS2) of the ITS regions. On the basis of the combinations of the four bases specific for the ITS regions, four ITS types, AAGG (America-1), AAAC (America-2), GGGC (Asia-1) and AGGC (Asia-2) were identified: the geographic group of Asia was further classified into two subgroups of Asia-1 and Asia-2 based on the ITS typing. Clinical isolates from Thailand (6 strains) and Brazil (7 strains) were found to belong to the geographic group of America-1 nd America-2, respectively. Five reference strains of C. neoformans var. gattii from the CBS culture collection were classified into two America-2, one Asia-1 and two Asia-2 groups. This ITS region analysis allowed us to distinguish all isolates of C. neoformans var. gattii into four geographic groups based on the ITS base sequence, and further molecular epidemiological and ecological research on this fungus is recommended.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[A case of urinary stone in ureterocele extracted transurethrally after ESWL].

A 66-year-old man was referred to our hospital with chief complaints of difficulty in urination and terminal micturition pain. Ureteroceles were identified bilaterally, and a ureteral stone (19 x 12 mm) existed in the right ureterocele. After crushing the stone by extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), we removed the stone transurethrally with a small incision in the right ureterocele. The vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was not detected postoperatively. Now, we recommend the combination of ESWL and a small transurethral incision of the urelerocele for the treatment of ureteral stones in a ureterocele in order to prevent postoperative VUR.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Primary transitional cell carcinoma of prostate: a case report].

A 67-year-old male was admitted with a three-month history of voiding difficulty. Prostate specific antigen remained within the normal limit. Under the diagnosis of benign prostatic hypertrophy, transurethral resection of prostate was performed. Pathological examination of the resected specimens of the prostate revealed transitional cell carcinoma. Two courses of systemic M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin) chemotherapy were performed, followed by cystoprostatourethrectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and ileal conduit construction. Now one year has elapsed, with no clinical signs of recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Retrieval and cryopreservation of testicular sperm].

We reviewed 44 cases of non-obstructive azoospermia treated by testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) from July, 1997 to September 1999 at our institutes. Testicular sperm were retrieved from 32 patients (72.7%). ICSI was performed on 29 patients and the partners of 15 patients (46.9%) became pregnant. Out of 10 patients with histology of Sertoli-cell-only, we could retrieve sperm from 3 patients (30%). Testicular volume, Johnsen's score count (JSC), and FSH were significant parameters to predict the recovery of testicular sperm from the patients, but if only the patients with JSC less than 8, are analyzed, none of them was significant parameter. Chromosomal abnormality was not a significant parameter. The partner's age, motility of recovered sperm and testicular volume correlated with the fertilization rate. Chromosomal abnormality or the usage of cryopreserved sperm was not a significant parameter to predict fertilization.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A case of ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm with bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia].

We report a case of histologically proved bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) associated with ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm (DAAA) into the lung. A 63-years-old male with preoperative episode of hemosputum and hemoptysis was diagnosed DAAA. Preoperative computed tomographic scanning demonstrated that the aneurysm was surrounded with the structure of 2 layers of the enhanced high density external layer and the not enhanced low density internal layer. Combined resection of the left upper lobe and the aneurysm was performed safely because of marked adhesion between the lung and the aneurysm. Postoperative histological examination revealed that the perianeurysmal structure was due to BOOP.

Aneurysm, Ruptured↗
PubMed2000

[Desensitization therapy for antituberculous drugs].

We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of desensitization therapy for antituberculous drugs (Rifampicin and Isoniazid) in 28 cases (29 episodes) with adverse reactions to these drugs. Desensitization therapy for RFP was performed in 23 cases (24 episodes) with administration of a first dose of 1-150 mg and a final dose of 300-450 mg for 1-29 days. The success rate of this therapy was 79% (19 of 24 episodes). Desensitization therapy for INH was performed in 12 cases with administration of a first dose of 2.5-100 mg and a final dose of 200-400 mg for 3-25 days. The success rate of this therapy was 83% (10 of 12 cases). Based on a comparative study of cases between successful and unsuccessful desensitization to RFP and INH it was concluded that there were no significant differences with regard to allergic history, adverse effects and their periods of appearance, the first dose and final dose of administration and the interval of administration, starting periods of the desensitization therapy and the periods of appearance of adverse effects due to this therapy. We evaluated desensitization therapy for two antituberculous drugs (RFP and INH) for tuberculous patients for whom the use of such drugs was restricted because of adverse effects, and we found it is a useful treatment, showing a high rate of success (80%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Desensitization therapy for allergic reactions of antituberculous drugs--evaluation of desensitization therapy according to the guideline of the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis].

We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of desensitization therapy for cases showing side-effects to antituberculous drugs (Isoniazid and Rifampicin) according to the guideline proposed by the Treatment Committee of the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis. Nineteen patients (23-88 years old, male 9, female 10) who had experienced adverse effects after receiving antituberculous drugs and underwent desensitization therapy between August 1998 and March 2000 were studied. Underlying diseases were 14 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, 2 cases of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis, 1 case of pulmonary atypical mycobacteriosis, 1 case of pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous pleuritis, 1 case of pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous lymphadenitis. The regimens of treatment for tuberculosis were INH + RFP + EB in 8 cases, INH + RFP + EB + PZA in 7 cases, INH + RFP + SM in 2 cases, INH + RFP + SM + PZA in 1 case, and INH + RFP in 1 case. Adverse reactions were 8 cases of eruption, 7 cases of drug fever, 3 cases of drug fever and eruption, and 1 case of drug fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. The causative drugs suggested from DLST or the clinical course were RFP in 17 cases and INH in 8 cases. The clinical effect of desensitization therapy for these antituberculous drugs was good in 14 out of the 17 cases (82%) for RFP, and in 6 out of 8 cases (75%) for INH. The effectiveness rate of the present desensitization therapy according to the guideline of the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis was almost equal to that of previous desensitization therapy, and the clinical results were almost same in present and previous studies despite the different methods of administration of the antituberculous drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical evaluation of urinary basic fetoprotein and the BTA test for detection of bladder cancer].

We compared the results of urinary basic fetoprotein (BFP) and the BTA test with those of urinary cytology in patients with bladder cancer. We also analyzed the urinary BFP and the BTA test results in patients with benign diseases and postoperative bladder cancer with no evidence of recurrence. The cutoff value for urinary BFP was set at 10 ng/ml. Classes 4 and 5 according to urinary cytology were defined as positive. The sensitivity of urinary BFP for Ta, 1 bladder cancer was significantly higher than that of urinary cytology (p < 0.05). The urinary cytology positive rate for Ta, 1 bladder cancer improved when combined with urinary BFP and the BTA test. The urinary BFP positive rate for benign diseases was significantly higher in patients with pyuria than in patients without pyuria (p < 0.05). The BTA test positive rate for benign diseases was higher in patients with pyuria than in patients without pyuria. The urinary BFP and the BTA test positive rates for postoperative bladder cancer with no evidence of recurrence was significantly higher in patients with urinary diversion than in patients without urinary diversion (BFP: p < 0.01, BTA: p < 0.05).

Adult↗