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Biomedical subjects

K Norr

Publications and source records attributed to K Norr.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The long-term effectiveness of an HIV prevention intervention for low-income African American women.

The effectiveness of an HIV prevention intervention for low-income African American women between the ages of 20 and 44 years was assessed. The hypothesis was that at 3, 6, and 9 months, treatment intervention women would have significantly greater increase from baseline on self-efficacy, condom use knowledge, protective sexual behavior, prevention community behavior, and perceived HIV vulnerability compared with the control intervention women. Using an interrupted time series design, one of two geographically distinct but demographically similar communities was randomly assigned to the treatment intervention. A total of 280 women participated. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed no differences at pretest for the treatment and control women. Compared with control women, treatment women significantly increased self-efficacy, protective sexual behavior, condom knowledge, and prevention community behavior. A slight decline in protective sexual behavior at 9 months may indicate that a linear pattern of change may not be appropriate to describe sexual behavioral change.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Community health advocacy: primary health care nurse-advocate teams in urban communities.

In summary, our health advocacy program uses PHC teams in urban, underserved communities to deal with the interaction of social and health factors in solving problems related to access to appropriate (as perceived by residents) and affordable health care. This approach encourages grass-roots participation in problem identification and solution, a fundamental ingredient of community empowerment. Further, this program facilitates community identification of nurses as resource persons who encourage collaboration to improve the community's health status and as health providers who enhance the authority and autonomy of community participation in the resolution of health issues.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison between different perineal outcomes on tissue healing.

Perineal healing was compared between 181 women with episiotomies and 186 women without episiotomies at one to two weeks after delivery. Subjects were medically indigent low-risk women who had normal spontaneous vaginal deliveries at the same tertiary-care hospital. Maternal age, race, parity, and birth weight did not have an independent effect on perineal healing. Perineal outcome at delivery and length of second stage exhibited a significant relationship with perineal healing. Overall, there was a 4.9% incidence of delayed perineal healing due to wound separation or clinical infection. In the episiotomy group, 7.7% of the subjects experienced delayed perineal healing compared with 2.2% in the no-episiotomy group. This was statistically significant using Pearson chi-square analysis. These results suggest that women without episiotomies exhibit better perineal healing than women with episiotomies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical decision-making regarding intravenous hydration in normal labor in a birth center setting.

Intravenous hydration (IVH) in normal labor is used routinely in most hospital settings despite the lack of support from recent research. However, it is not used routinely at one in-hospital, Alternative Birthing Center (ABC), in the Midwest. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the criteria and perspectives of the certified nurse-midwives (CNMs) and nurses (RNs) in their decision-making process toward nonroutine use of IVH. In-depth interviews with five CNMs and four RNs that work in the ABC provided insight into how they balanced patient preference, research-based knowledge, and clinical judgments, in making decisions about IVH. The RNs were slightly more in favor of IVH than the CNMs, but not because of philosophic differences. Rather, the different roles and responsibilities of CNMs and RNs seemed to be most important. CNMs had a stronger commitment to client preferences, whereas RNs were more concerned about their responsibility for efficiently starting IVs prior to an emergency situation. Understanding professional differences in the decision-making process for IVH can enhance clinical functioning of the caregiving team by helping CNMs anticipate and address potential conflicts.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗