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Biomedical subjects

K Novák

Publications and source records attributed to K Novák.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[An AV aneurysm of a branch of the pulmonary artery associated with a pulmonary tumorlet].

The authors present a rare case of a relatively large A-V aneurysm of the branch of the pulmonary artery in the right upper pulmonary lobe. Successful and technically easy surgical treatment was preceded by a serious dilemma whether to select in a high risk patient another (less invasive) therapeutic method or even conservative treatment. The surgical finding and smooth postoperative course confirmed that the indication of surgery was correct. As a further pathological finding in the resected portion a pulmonary tumourlet was detected. The combination of the two rare findings is an extreme rarity.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed2001

Hydrocarbon deposition and soil microflora as affected by highway traffic.

The proximity of a busy highway (90,000 vehicles/day) increased the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil at the depth of 5-15 cm from 106 ng/g as a grassland background to 3095 ng/g dry soil at the highway verge (a sum of 10 PAH species). The PAH concentration was related to the distance from the source and exhibited a biphasic character, which is interpreted in terms of bimodal distribution of the exhaust microparticles with different rates of deposition. Similarly, the tendency of benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene to decrease their proportion with distance from the highway, in contrast to phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, and benzo(g,h,i)perylene, was attributed to their prevalent localisation on the heavier particle fraction. The abundance of bacteria (8.33 x background) and fungi (3.17 x background) close to the highway is thought to be a consequence of hydrocarbon deposition from the traffic that serves as a significant energetic input into the soil. The elevated concentrations of hydrocarbon substrates, as indicated by PAHs, increased both the absolute and relative numbers of the microbial degraders of diesel fuel, biphenyl, naphthalene, and pyrene. Their maximum numbers at 0.5-1.5 m from the pavement reached 1.3 x 10(4), 1.2 x 10(5), 1.1 x 10(4), and 6.6 x 10(3) colony-forming units (CFU) or infection units per gramme dry soil, respectively. On the other hand, the number of anthracene degraders (1.1 x 10(3) CFU per g dry soil) remained close to the detection limit of the enumeration technique used (0.1-0.2 x 10(3) per g dry soil), consistently with the absence of anthracene and higher linear PAHs in the investigated soil samples. The amounts of persisting PAHs justify artificial inoculation with effective degrader strains in the vicinity of motorways.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed2001

[Vesico-colonic fistulae in patients with chronic urinary tract infections].

The authors present their experience with diagnosis and treatment of colovesical fistula, which had been diagnosed due to chronic recurrent urinary tract infection. The underlying cause of the fistula was previously unrecognized diverticulosis with diverticulitis (3 out of 4 cases). The fistula was diagnosed primarily by a urologist, who performed cystoscopy, which proved to be the most contributing useful examination of all. On the other hand, coloscopy did not reveal the true diagnosis any time and its value is doubtful since insufflation of the inflamed bowel may be followed by intestinal rupture into the peritoneal cavity. Treatment of the fistulae was always surgical, during resection of the involved bowel and resection of the neighboring bladder was accomplished. In all cases one-staged procedure was done with restoration of bowel continuity and suturing of the bladder. Three patients were cured, one died on the 5th day due to complicated ischaemic heart disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1999

Risk of lung resections in patients after inductive chemotherapy of non-small cell bronchogenic cancer.

Results of 43 patients who were operated on after chemotherapy in the period 1986-1998 are presented. Authors evaluate the morbidity, mortality and survival. Relatively low mortality and good survival rate is considered to be success. In many patients, without the combination therapy their tumors would have been inoperable and quality of life would be poor.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1999

[Severe injury of the tracheal bifurcation].

The authors demonstrate a rare case of serious rupture in the area of the tracheal bifurcation with incomplete rupture of both bronchi which occurred after a severe multiple injury. The authors describe the difficult surgical solution, using temporary selective intubation of both main bronchi across the surgical field. The imperfect success of jet ventilation is ascribed to severe pulmonary contusion and major haemorrhage from the trachea which increased the risk of barotrauma. The authors emphasize the importance of peroperative and postoperative bronchoscopy.

Female↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment of localized carcinoma of the prostate].

Review of the treatment of localized prostate cancer. The major attention is devoted to the surgical treatment. The radical retropubic prostatectomy is used most frequently. Problems of the indication, anatomical foundations and the technique of the surgery are discussed. The radical perineal prostatectomy is used less frequently. The radiation therapy is an alternative to the surgical treatment. The radiation therapy is recommended by urologists in patients, for whom is this treatment considered as more advantageous.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1998

[A rare case of bronchial mucoepidermoid tumor].

The authors describe a rare case of a mucoepidermoid bronchial tumour in a young patient. The main clinical manifestation was relapsing bronchopneumonia behind the stenosis. The authors analyze in detail the histological characteristics of the tumour and its behaviour and present a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Extensive metastases in the thoracic wall as an unusual manifestation of malignant hepatoma].

In a 53-year-old man an extensive tumour of the thoracic wall was extirpated. It was examined histologically and identified as a secondary of a malignant hepatoma. In the second stage a primary hepatic tumour was removed by extended right-sided lobectomy. The case-history provides evidence of a remote secondary of a malignant hepatoma and a successful palliative approach.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1997

[Theodor Billroth (I. and II.)].

The two parts of the paper present a brief account of the life, work, time and social impact of the great surgeon Theodor Billroth. The first part deals with Billroth's scientific development and main parts of his life-long work. The second part presents Billroth as a universal genius who was engaged in the cultural and social life of his time and thus opened the road for surgery.

General Surgery↗
PubMed1997

[Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the minor pelvis in women--case report].

A primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) of the minor pelvis is a rare malignant small-cell tumour developing from the neural groove. It metastatizes into the lungs, bones, liver and brain. Treatment involves radical surgical extirpation followed by chemotherapy and actinotherapy. The author presents the case-history of PNET of the pelvis minor in a 33-year-old woman.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Complications of urinary diversion after cystectomy in bladder carcinoma].

Urinary diversion following cystectomy on account of carcinoma of the bladder are pretentious surgical operations involving the risk of early and late complications. The authors made a retrospective analysis of 198 cases. Death during the early postoperative period was recorded in 3 patients (2x ileus and 1x pulmonary embolism). Other early complications were dehiscence of the intestinal anastomosis (3x), dehiscence of the skin would/3x) and pneumonia (3x). Clinically relevant late complications were ileus due to adhesions (4x), stenosis of the ureteroenteric anastomosis (21 ureteroenteric units and urolithiasis (6x). Metabolic acidosis was recorded frequently (19x). Complications were more frequent in patients with advanced disease and in a poor biological state.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Survival after surgery for bronchogenic carcinoma in relation to blood transfusion].

The authors observed 143 patients operated on for lung cancer over a period of five years. In 85 patients, who received a blood transfusion, the authors evaluated the relationship between the amount of blood transfused at the time before and after the operation and the localisation and TNM classification of the tumour, the operative procedure and the age of the patient. In a detailed statistical analysis the authors evaluated the long-term survival rates of patients with and without blood transfusions. Surprisingly, there were no essential differences in the amount of blood transfused, neither in various localisations of the tumour nor in the variously advanced T, N, M stages nor in the most frequent technical complications during surgery. All the 16 patient who received more than 1000 ml of blood died within 18 months after the operation. In spite of this fact the authors were not able to prove statistically significant differences in the long-term survival of patients with and without blood transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Extended pulmonary resection in non-small cell lung cancer].

The authors give an account of their experience with extensive pulmonary resections on account of an extensive non-small-cell carcinoma of the lungs. During a 13-year period (1976-1988) they made 140 extensive resections of the lungs. As to histological characteristics, the epidermoid type of tumour predominated. The tumour spread most frequently to mediastinal nodes and the thoracic wall. The mean age of the patients was 54.9 years, the mortality within 30 days after operation 5.7%. The five-year survival of patients after operation was evaluated in patients operated between 1976 and 1988 when 90 operations were performed. The majority of patients (32.5%) survived combined surgery. Two patients survive after 10 years. Due to the small number of patients and their difficult comparability it is not possible to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of treatment statistically. In the literature views on combined postoperative treatment differ, a randomized study would be useful. In the conclusion the authors advocate continuation of the hitherto used trend of therapy, they recommend introduction of new chemotherapeutic agents in close collaboration with oncologists and concentration of patients in specialized departments.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Observations with a tri-phasic oral contraceptive (Tri-Regol) in everyday clinical practice.

The theoretical general principles of triphasic oral contraception are discussed in the introduction. This method, which is the closest to a physiological dosage, seems to be the most advantageous today. International data and the advantages and wide indication field of such "step-up" tablets are also discussed. The observations with the Hungarian Tri-Regol tablet are described in detail. In the course of controlling 355 cycles of 79 women pregnancy was not observed, the tablets were well tolerated by the women-except for some milder side-effects. The use of Tri-Regol needed not be discontinued due to, any unwanted effect or complication. The rate of intermenstrual bleeding was very low, and the triphasic therapy proved to be beneficial in case of manifesting cycle disorders or if the change of the contraceptive tablet became necessary because of intolerance. According to the opinion of the authors the oral contraceptive Tri-Regol is today's drug of choice due to its reliable ovulation inhibitory action, low hormone content, and favourable tolerability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Indications for splenectomy and its problems in portal hypertension].

Unfounded splenectomy in portal hypertension exposes the patients to several risks. This is apparent from presented case-histories as well as reviews and the author's experience. The authors emphasize general principles of the approach to surgery of the spleen in portal hypertension.

Adult↗