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K O Emery

Publications and source records attributed to K O Emery.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

Relative sea levels from tide-gauge records.

Mean annual sea levels at 247 tide-gauge stations of the world exhibit a general rise of relative sea level of about 3 mm/year during the past 40 years. In contrast, general uplift of the land is typical of high northern latitudes, where unloading of the crust by melt of Pleistocene ice sheets is significant. Erratic movements are typical of belts having crustal overthrusting and active volcanism. Short-term (5- and 10-year) records reveal recent changes in rates, but such short time spans may be so influenced by climatic cycles that identification of new trends is difficult, especially with the existing poor distribution and reporting of tide-gauge data.

Journal Article↗

Surface circulation of lakes and nearly land-locked seas.

The pattern of surface circulation has been mapped for more than 40 lakes, marginal seas, estuaries, and lagoons. All are within the northern hemisphere, and all except one are known to have a counterclockwise pattern. This consistent pattern is attributed to the drag of wind blowing across the bodies of water. Warmer surface water is displaced to the right-hand shore zone (facing downwind), where it produces greater surface turbulence and, thus, greater wind drag. This effect leads to counterclockwise water circulation regardless of the direction and, within limits, the duration of the wind.

Journal Article↗

Internal swash and surf.

114 temperature sections, each containing an average of 10 bathythermograms, show that internal waves commonly become altered on crossing the shoaling bottom of the continental shelf in Santa Monica Bay, Calif. The alteration takes the form of internal swash (in which the lower isotherms reach farther landward than would be expected from their depth above the outer shelf or above deeper bottom) and of internal surf (that is, denoted by temperature inversions, isolated boluses of colder water at the bottom, and complex short wave-length variations of isotherms).

Journal Article↗

Human food from ocean and land.

The figures in Table 1 yield some interesting results. The total annual value of food and mineral resources taken from the ocean is $8.3 billion, in contrast to $309 billion from the land. Using the land value as the yardstick, if the annual value of produce from the ocean were in ratio to the area relationship of ocean and land, the ocean potential would be $750 billion; the actual recovery for 1964 was only 1.1 percent of that potential. This very low percentage is the basis for either great optimism for the future development of the ocean (on the basis of unrealized potential), or great pessimism (on the basis of high costs compared with further development of land resources, or present exploitation to near the limit of productivity).

Agriculture↗