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K Odening

Publications and source records attributed to K Odening.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Sarcocystis kirmsei in the brain of a hill mynah (Gracula religiosa).

Cysts of Sarcocystis kirmsei were found in the brain of an exotic bird. The morphological appearance of this protozoon and the changes in the brain tissue are described. This is the second report of S. kirmsei in the brain of a hill mynah, and the third report of this parasite in the avian brain. The affiliation of S. kirmsei to the genus Sarcocystis was confirmed. On the basis of our findings, the genus Frenkelia, which comprises two species affecting the brain of small mammals, becomes synonymous with Sarcocystis.

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PubMed1998

Characterization of bovine Sarcocystis species by analysis of their 18S ribosomal DNA sequences.

Two Sarcocystis hirsuta isolates from 2 cattle (Bos taurus), 2 Sarcocystis hominis-like isolates from 2 cattle, 1 each Sarcocystis hominis-like isolate from a zoo-born dwarf zebu (B. taurus) and from a zoo-born bison (Bison bison), and 1 each Sarcocystis cruzi isolate from the dwarf zebu and the bison have been characterized by comparing the directly sequenced polymerase chain reaction products of their 18S rRNA genes. Sequences of 2 different isolates from the same species always showed a very high, nearly complete identity to each other both within all or only the conserved overlapping nucleotides. Thus, the 18S rDNA sequences of both S. hirsuta isolates proved to belong to a single species. The same is true for all 3 S. cruzi sequences. The 4 S. hominis-like isolates could not be placed within a single species using these criteria. They formed 2 separate groups (1 cattle isolate and the bison isolate, and the other cattle isolate and the dwarf zebu isolate). The results suggest that zoo-born large mammals do serve as intermediate hosts for Sarcocystis species known from indigenous herbivores, and that there might be another species found in cattle that is morphologically very similar to S. hominis.

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PubMed1998

Three new Sarcocystis species, Sarcocystis giraffae, S. klaseriensis, and S. camelopardalis (Protozoa: Sarcocystidae) from the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in South Africa.

Three new Sarcocystis species recovered from muscle fibers of the skeletal musculature of a giraffe in South Africa are described based on light and electron microscopy. Sarcocystis giraffae n. sp. formed slim macrocysts with a parasite-induced connective tissue encapsulation of the host muscle fiber in which the plasma membrane of the latter remained unaltered. The sarcocyst wall represented a new ultrastructural type that is characterized by fingerlike villar protrusions with a hairlike projection at the tip, containing microtubules penetrating the ground substance. Sarcocystis klaseriensis n. sp. formed small filiform microcysts with kinked finger-shaped villar protrusions of the wall, containing scattered microtubules or filaments, and represented another new ultrastructural type. Sarcocystis camelopardalis n. sp. formed small filiform microcysts with straplike villar protrusions of the wall, containing chainlike osmiophilic structures, and represented again a new ultrastructural type.

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PubMed1996

On the diagnostics of Sarcocystis in cattle: sarcocysts of a species unusual for Bos taurus in a dwarf zebu.

Sarcocysts from the musculature of a dwarf zebu born in a German zoo are described by light and transmission electron microscopy. In addition to the three named bovine Sarcocystis species (Sarcocystis cruzi, S. hominis, and S. hirsuta) a fourth species was found which was not previously reported from cattle. It mostly resembles Sarcocystis gracilis Rátz, 1909 from roe deer.

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PubMed1996

The Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa, Bovidae) as an intermediate host of three Sarcocystis species in Mongolia.

The sarcocysts of three Sarcocystis species (Sporozoa: Coccidia: Sarcocystidae) found in the Mongolian gazelle are described using light and transmission electron microscopy. The host-parasite interface and the ultrastructure of the cyst wall are represented for the first time in the macrocysts of Sarcocystis mongolica Machul'skii, 1947, localised in connective tissue cells. The cyst wall is attributed to type 1 of the classification by Dubey et al. (1989). Two other species are described for the first time from Procapra gutturosa in Mongolia: S. sp. with hair-like villar protrusions (type 7) and S. danzani n. sp. with villar protrusions possessing a structure hitherto unknown, characterised by a hollow.

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PubMed1996

Antelopes (Bovidae) kept in European zoological gardens as intermediate hosts of Sarcocystis species.

Four different forms of sarcocysts from the zoo-kept antelopes Addax nasomaculatus. Antilope cervicapra, Taurotragus oryx and Boselaphus tragocamelus (Bovidae) were investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy, in special consideration of the cyst wall. The sarcocysts found in Addax (born in a zoo) were not distinguishable from Sarcocystis medusiformis of Australasian sheep by their morphology and would be the first indication for the occurrence of this species in Europe. Sarcocysts from Antilope (born in a zoo) resembled the tenella/capracanis type of sheep/goats and were, therefore, designated as Sarcocystis sp. (? cf. capracanis) in this paper. Sarcocysts from Taurotragus were similar to a zoonotic species of cattle and hence provisionally designated as S. sp. (? cf. hominis). A sarcocyst form with hair-like villar protrusions of the cyst wall was found in Taurotragus. Boselaphus and Antilope and compared with a common species of cattle: S (? cf. cruzi).

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PubMed1995

Cyst wall ultrastructure of two Sarcocystis spp. from European mouflon (Ovis ammon musimon) in Germany compared with domestic sheep.

Muscle samples from six wild and two captive European mouflons (Ovis ammon musimon) in Germany as well as one domestic sheep from a German zoo were infected with sarcocysts (Sarcocystis: Sarcocystidae, Apicomplexa). Sarcocystis tenella and S. arieticanis were identified by light and electron microscopy. Both species are determined for the first time from wild sheep, and this is the first description of S. arieticanis from wild sheep.

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PubMed1995

On the morphological diagnostics and host specificity of the Sarcocystis species of some domesticated and wild bovini (cattle, banteng and bison).

Sarcocysts of Sarcocystis cruzi, S. hominis and S. hirsuta were described and compared by means of light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) from cattle, bantengs (born in a zoo) and bisons (born in zoo). No morphological differences were observed in the three forms of sarcocysts from each of the three host species. The morphological criteria of the three species were discussed and, partly, newly defined. S. cruzi can easily be distinguished from the other two species. It shows 6-13 micron long hair-like villar protrusions in the freshly extracted sarcocyst, has large compartments often bump-like bulged out (by LM, in the fresh state), and a "thin cyst wall" ( < 1 micron; LM, histology). TEM investigation is not necessary in most cases. S. hominis and S. hirsuta: with a "thick, radially striated" and 2.5-9.0 micron high cyst wall (LM). S. hominis can be most reliably determined by means of TEM: the villar protrusions arise with a broad basis from the cyst surface, are finger-like in the outline and have microfilaments in the core. LM: the villar protrusions are broadly seated on the cyst surface, without optical interruption. Likewise, S. hirsuta can be determined most reliably by TEM (in some cases also in semithin sections): the villar protrusions are club- or bulb-shaped in the outline, with a stalklet at the base and with microfilaments and large osmiophilic granules in the interior. LM (best in the fresh state): the palisade of villar protrusions often shows a bright or dotted horizontal line in the middle and a basal line with dark dots, arranged like a string of pearls.

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PubMed1994

Sarcocysts (Sarcocystis sp.: Sporozoa) in the European badger, Meles meles.

Sarcocysts from the tongue muscle of a European badger (Meles meles) are reported for the first time and described by light and transmission electron microscopy. Judging from the ultrastructure of the cyst wall, the parasite is similar to the species Sarcocystis gracilis Rátz, 1909 sensu Erber, Boch & Barth (1978) from roe deer and possibly identical with it. This is noteworthy regarding the intermediate host specificity.

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PubMed1994

The wisent (Bison bonasus, Bovidae) as an intermediate host of three Sarcocystis species (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) of cattle.

Sarocysts were found in muscle tissue of a wisent (Bison bonasus) which was born and kept in Germany. Light microscopic and TEM examination revealed all the three named species known from cattle: Sarcocystis cruzi ("thin-walled", with longer hair-like villar protrusions of the primary cyst wall); S. hirsuta ("thick-walled", with tongue-like protrusions of the cyst wall arising with very short and narrow stalklets from the surface of the cyst and containing rows of electron-dense granules in the core); and S. hominis ("thick-walled", with finger-like protrusions of the cyst wall not constricted at their base and containing few or no electron-dense granules). So far, only S. cruzi was known to occur in Bison bison in North America. The findings in the wisent strikingly support a modified conception of the intermediate host specificity in Bovinae. In this connection the identity of S. cruzi and S. poephagicanis is suggested as well as that of S. hirsuta and S. poephagi.

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PubMed1989

New trends in parasitic infections of cultured freshwater fish.

The 1980s are characterized by the appearance of new fish parasitoses, the clarification of the aetiology of diseases and new insights into the process of infection and the development of important parasites, especially myxosporidians. Two phaerosporoses have entered into the foreground: swimbladder inflammation (SBI) caused by Sphaerospora renicola in common carp and proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonids. Both diseases must be reported in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The connection between the "C-protozoa" in the blood and S. renicola in SBI was recently clarified by experiments by Molnar (1988). The results of our own investigations indicate that the "K-protozoa" phase of S. renicola parasitizes mainly the brain and sometimes the spleen, pancreas and liver before appearing in the swimbladder. Hedrick et al. (1988) in the USA and Odening et al. (1988b) in Europe first reported a Sphaerospora sp. in Salmo gairdneri in connection with PKD. The spectacular findings by Wolf and Markiw (1984) and El-Matbouli (1988) elucidating on the life cycle of Myxobolus cerebralis have not yet brought the revolutionary change expected for a general new estimation of myxosporidian transmission as a basis for ecotechnological control measures. Examples for the formation of new regionally specific parasite colonizations offer the far Eastern cyprinids introduced into Europe. In the GDR the silver carp is infected by Chloromyxum barbi (Myxosporidia) (Sedlazsek), the pathogenic Gyrodactylus sprostonae and two new Gyrodactylus species (Pectobathrii) (Lux). Eel parasites new to Europe are the obviously imported and highly pathogenic nematodes Anguillicola crassus and A. novaezelandiae (Paggi et al., 1982; Moravec and Taraschewski, 1988). In Central Europe the infestation of rainbow trout by the tapeworm Proteocephalus neglectus is increasing (Priemer, 1980; Hanzelova et al., 1988).

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PubMed1989

[The infection process with Sphaerospora renicola (Myxosporidia)].

New data are presented on the development of infection by S. renicola in common carp within the first 15 weeks of their life. The infection of parasite-free common carp succeeded by myxospores as well as by feeding carp kidneys with and without spores in laboratory experiments. In field experiments one year-old parasite-free common carp were successfully infected.

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PubMed1988

[The seasonal dynamics of Sphaerospora renicola (Myxosporidia) in carp (Osteichthyes)].

We observed 2 different types of the course of incidence of sporogonic phase and blood phase. Type I shows in both phases a maximum in the first summer, a minimum in winter or autumn and a second maximum between late autumn and second summer. In this case the sporulation was especially distinct with the first maximum. Type II starts in the first summer with the blood phase without occurrence of the sporogonic phase (and the swim-bladder phase), which appears only from autumn until the second summer in a form of three peaks. Here the sporulation was successful only in the third peak. Hitherto there has been no other example of that type. The course of incidence, characterized by peaks and valleys, is regarded as an expression of an internal rhythm of different phases of the parasite and not as caused by the declining of infection and by reinfection. Premunition (if a hitherto unknown reservoir phase is surviving) or age resistance and/or less chance of coincidence of infective stages and older carps are supposed to be the cause of the rare occurrence of the 3 known phases in carps more than 14-15 months old. There are some indications of the infection of carps by carps. Carassius au. auratus was ascertained as a new host for S. renicola in a field experiment.

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PubMed1988

[Coincidental appearance of PKD and Sphaerospora sp. (Myxosporidia) in stock of Salmo gairdneri (Osteichthyes)].

For the first time in Europe simultaneous occurrence of PKX and Sphaerospora sp. is recorded in Salmo gairdneri. Myxosporidian (?) forms hitherto not described have been observed in the kidney interstitium and the epithelium of the renal tubules, sporadically also in the swimbladder wall and the intestinal wall, besides the typical PKX organism in the kidney interstitium. Sporogonic stages and spores of a Sphaerospora species have been found in the lumen of the renal tubules. Neither the exact identification of the Sphaerospora species has been possible, nor the final proof, whether the luminal form, the hitherto undescribed extraluminal forms and PKX belong to one another.

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