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Biomedical subjects

K Oida

Publications and source records attributed to K Oida.

81 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The effects of glibenclamide and insulin on plasma high density lipoprotein in diabetics.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of various types of treatment such as glibenclamide and insulin on plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentration in diabetics. Treatment of diabetes mellitus was reevaluated from the standpoint of high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Twenty-one diabetic patients (6 men and 15 women) who have been admitted in the hospital and kept on Japanese standard diet for diabetes mellitus, have been studied. Changes of plasma lipoprotein in diabetic patients were followed up before and after treatment with glibenclamide or insulin. Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were decreased and HDL was increased with insulin treatment. However, glibenclamide induced a significant decrease in HDL- cholesterol (Ch). Relationship between triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and HDL metabolism was studied. A significant negative correlation was found between pretreatment VLDL-TG and changes of VLDL-TG with insulin treatment, indicating an accelerated catabolism of VLDL-TG with possible increase of triglyceride lipases. There was a significant negative correlation between VLDL-TG and HDL-Ch before insulin treatment, but not after treatment. There was no negative correlation between changes of VLDL-TG and changes of HDL-Ch with insulin therapy. These results indicate that an increment of HDL with insulin treatment can not be explained solely by increased HDL formation from TG-rich lipoprotein and that insulin might increase synthesis and secretion of HDL in liver and/or intestine.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

Plasma lipids and lipoproteins of Japanese adults and umbilical cord blood.

By means of sequential ultracentrifugation of plasma from 85 control healthy Japanese subjects and from 15 maternal infant pairs, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL: d less than 1.006 g/ml), low density lipoprotein (LDL: 1.006 less than d less than 1.063 g/ml) and high density lipoprotein (HDL: d greater than 1.063 g/ml) were obtained and analyzed for cholesterol (Ch), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B). These results were compared to values in Western countries reported in the literature. HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch of adult Japanese was much higher than that of subjects in Western countries, especially in males. Umbilical cord (U) plasma-Ch, TG, PL and Apo B were 73.3 +/- 15.9, 51.0 +/- 10.4, 110.0 +/- 21.0 and 47.6 +/- 15.7 (mean +/- S.D.) mg/100 ml, respectively. In cord blood the concentrations of Ch, TG and PL in all lipoprotein density classes were less than one half of those in normal adults. Cord blood has higher levels of HDL-Ch and lower levels of LDL-Ch than normal adults. Therefore, HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch ratio in cord blood (1.58 +/- 0.32 was far higher than the ratio in normal adults (0.50 +/- 0.11). In cord blood, HDL was the predominant Ch, TG and PL carrying lipoprotein. HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch ratios were 1.58 in Japan, 1.14 in USA, 0.89 in Australia and 0.69 in GDR. HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch ratio in Japanese cord blood was the highest among the values reported in the literature. The relationships between maternal and infant lipoproteins were more significant in HDL than in VLDL or LDL. The positive correlation between maternal HDL and infant HDL may suggest the possibility of placental transfer of intact HDL particles.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thin-section CT features of intrapulmonary lymph nodes.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate CT findings of pathologically proven intrapulmonary lymph nodes (IPLNs) and discuss the utility of thin-section CT and contrast-enhanced CT. METHOD: CT findings of 18 nodules in 14 patients with pathologically proven IPLNs were reviewed. CT scanning of the whole lung was performed contiguously with slice thickness of 10 mm. In addition, a helical scan with slice thickness of 2 mm was performed in nine patients, focusing on the nodule. Contrast-enhanced helical CT was performed in four patients, and the utility of thin section CT and contrast-enhanced CT was investigated. RESULTS: One patient had three nodules, 2 patients had two nodules, and the remaining 11 patients had a solitary nodule. All nodules were located below the level of the carina and within 15 mm of the pleura. In one case, conventional CT revealed the nodule 20 mm away from the pleura; however, the nodule attached to the major fissure was clearly revealed on thin-section CT. The size of the nodules was < or =15 mm, and the shape was round (n = 8), oval (n = 9), or lobulated (n = 1) with sharp border. One nodule demonstrated a spiculated border due to a surrounding pulmonary fibrosis on conventional CT; however, thin-section CT showed precisely a sharp border. The lobulated shape of one case histopathologically reflected a hilus of lymph node. On contrast-enhanced helical CT, all four nodules were enhanced and the degree enhancement was 36-85 HU (median 66.6 HU). CONCLUSION: In current times, IPLNs are not uncommon lesions. We should consider IPLN in the differential diagnosis of solitary or multiple pulmonary nodules in the peripheral field and below the level of the carina. Thin-section CT showed precisely the border or relation between IPLNs and the surrounding structure. It was difficult to distinguish between IPLNs and malignant nodules from the degree of enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT. On thin-section and contrast-enhanced CT, the findings of IPLNs are not necessarily specific. Therefore, strict observation on CT is necessary; in certain cases that are increasing in size, video-assisted thoracic surgery should be considered because of their location.

Adult↗