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Biomedical subjects

K Okuda

Publications and source records attributed to K Okuda.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Accuracy of angiography in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conventional hepatic arteriography combined with superselective infusion arteriography was carried out in 51 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma smaller than 5 cm, and angiograms of varying phases were analyzed. In cancers smaller than 40 mm, particularly in those smaller than 20 mm, so-called tumor stain in the capillary phase was the only abnormality seen in most but not all cases. Within a tumor stain, there were unstained areas in most cases and histologic examination in resected specimens showed them to be due to either necrosis, fibrosis, or fatty changes. Homogeneity and shape of the stain seemed to be related to growth speed and invasiveness of the cancer. Although overall diagnostic value of angiography for small hepatocellular carcinoma was high, super-superselective infusion hepatic arteriography produced nodular stains in 7 of 11 control cases of nonalcoholic cirrhosis without cancer, making difficult the differential diagnosis between stains due to tumors and those due to hyperplastic nodules of cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Genetic control of the production of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies in mice immunized with human thyroglobulin.

Various strains of mice with different H-2 and Igh-I allotypes were immunized with human thyroglobulin (HTg) and genetic control of the production of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies was examined. Anti-HTg antisera obtained from different strains of mice were examined for the presence of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies. At least one Ir-gene which controls the production of anti-T4 antibodies by immunization with HTg was identified in the I-A subregion. The presence of Ir-genes outside the H-2 was also suspected. Concerning the production of anti-T3 antibodies, only three strains (B10.A, C3H.SW, BALB/cJ) were high responders and therefore we were unable to identify the Ir-gene for them. These results indicate the presence of Ir-gene which controls the immune response in mice against thyroid hormone and suggest that the anti-thyroid hormone antibodies observed in various thyroidal and non-thyroidal disorders could be anti-HTg antibodies. The significance of genetic control of the production of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies in mice immunized with HTg is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Binding of cobalamin analogs to intrinsic factor-cobalamin receptor and its prevention by R binder.

It is now known that nonphysiological cobalamin analogs exist in the gastrointestinal tract, but their metabolic behavior is unclear. In this study, [57Co]cobinamide was used to study its affinity to hog intrinsic factor-cobalamin (IF-Cbl) receptor which has no species specificity against human IF-Cbl receptor, and its relation to human saliva R binder. Cobinamide was prepared from [57Co]cyanocobalamin and separated by paper chromatography. Human IF-Cbl complex was bound to IF-Cbl receptor but free cyanocobalamin was not. Although R binder-cobinamide was not bound to the IF-Cbl receptor, free cobinamide was bound to the IF-Cbl receptor to a significant extent (about one-half of IF-cyanocobalamin binding to the IF-Cbl receptor). We then investigated the binding of cobinamide to R binder and trypsin-treated R binder. Association constant of cobinamide binding to the IF-Cbl receptor was 1.0 X 10(9) M-1 which was much lower than that of cobinamide binding to trypsin-treated R binder and to untreated R binder. Further study indicated that cobinamide binding to the IF-Cbl receptor was blocked by the addition of R binder and also by trypsin-treated R binder. We conclude that one of the roles of R binder is to prevent binding of free cobalamin analogs to the IF-Cbl receptor in the gut.

Cobamides↗
PubMed1986

Clinical utility of pulsed Doppler flowmetry in patients with portal hypertension.

The recently developed Doppler flowmetry system that consists of an electronic sector and a pulsed Doppler flowmeter, is capable of determining the direction of blood flow in large veins visible by ultrasonography and measuring blood flow. It is noninvasive and can be performed in patients on ambulatory basis at the time of routine ultrasound examination. In this communication, clinical utility of pulsed Doppler flowmetry was tested in 20 patients with portal hypertension. Doppler flowmetry proved useful in differential diagnosis of splenorenal shunt and cystic disease, diagnosis of arterioportal shunt, diagnosis of portal vein occlusion, demonstration of hepatofugal flow in the splenic vein, and prediction of esophageal varices by the demonstration of hepatofugal flow in an enlarged left gastric vein.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Alcoholic liver disease in Japan.

From these discussions, it is apparent that: Alcoholic liver disease is increasing at a rapid rate in conjunction with an increase of annual gross and per capita consumption of alcohol. Alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic hyaline are much less common in Japan compared to western countries. Alcoholic hepatic fibrosis and chronic hepatitis are the common types of alcoholic liver disease in Japan. Alcoholic hepatic fibrosis may be a pathological process or entity independent of fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis. It is not clear at the present time whether heavy alcohol consumption per se or non-A, non-B hepatitis virus is the cause of chronic hepatitis seen in HBsAg negative alcoholics.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1986

Clinical and portal hemodynamic features in cirrhotic patients having a large spontaneous splenorenal and/or gastrorenal shunt.

Clinical and portal hemodynamic features in 28 cirrhotic subjects with a large spontaneous spleno- and/or gastrorenal shunt were studied in comparison with 30 control cirrhotic cases without such collaterals. Forty-six percent of the former had chronic hepatic encephalopathy, but none of the latter was encephalopathic. These patients with large renal shunts were divided into those with and those without encephalopathy. Large esophageal varices were significantly less common in patients with a large shunt and encephalopathy compared with those who had a large shunt but no encephalopathy, and the control. But there was no significant difference of past variceal bleeding among these three groups. In all those with encephalopathy, part of superior mesenteric venous blood was shunting through these collaterals into the left renal vein or inferior vena cava, but the same was not demonstrable in patients with a large shunt and no encephalopathy and control cirrhotics. In the chronic encephalopathic, portal venous flow was estimated to be less than one-half of that in control cirrhotics, and the portion of superior mesenteric venous blood that was flowing hepatofugally through a large shunt into the left renal vein seemed about the same or greater than the portal venous flow. Thus, a large spontaneous spleno- and/or gastrorenal shunt might prevent development of large esophageal varices but not variceal hemorrhage and it increased a risk of chronic hepatic encephalopathy.

Adult↗