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Biomedical subjects

K Orii

Publications and source records attributed to K Orii.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Histopathological evaluation of the radiosensitizing effects of an intratumoral injection of BrdU for rectal cancer].

We delivered preoperative radiotherapy with intratumoral injection (ITI) of radiosensitizer, 5-bromodeoxyuridine for patients with locally advanced cancer originating in lower rectum. We identified immunohistochemically the tumor cells that incorporated BrdU, and evaluated the radiosensitizing effect of BrdU histopathologically. (1) BrdU-labeled nuclei of cancer cells were identified in twenty-three cases out of 24 (96%). Mean labeling index was 18.5%, and tended to decrease as time progressed. (2) The parameters representing volume of residual tumor nests (Tumor Nest Index) or degrees of tumor extension (Depth of Extramural Tumor and Depth of Extramural Fibrosis) for patients with ITI were compared to those for patients without ITI. Those parameters tended to decrease when ITI was combined with radiotherapy. However, the difference was not significant statistically. Intratumorally injected BrdU can incorporate with cancer cells, but a methodological invention is required for yielding clinically measurable radiosensitization.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Computed tomographic evaluation of thickness of perirectal fascia in rectal cancer treated by preoperative radiotherapy--diagnostic value for prediction of local recurrence].

Perirectal fascia was examined by computed tomography before and after preoperative radiotherapy in thirty-six patients with rectal cancer. CT measurement showed that perirectal fascia tend to increase in thickness during preoperative radiotherapy in proportion to tumor extension into perirectal fat tissue. The fascial thickening more than 7 mm after preoperative radiotherapy was suggestive of local recurrence to develop. Preoperative or intraoperative boost irradiation would be recommended for such high-risk patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Recurrence factors studied by percutaneous transhepatic portography before and after endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.

High recurrence and rebleeding rates have been reported when endoscopic sclerotherapy has been performed on patients with esophageal varices. We studied the relationship between embolization range and recurrence rate in 26 patients in whom percutaneous transhepatic portography was carried out before and after sclerotherapy. Patients were divided into complete and incomplete embolization groups. The complete embolization group consisted of 16 patients whose esophageal varices had disappeared and in whom embolization of the feeders to the varices had occurred. The incomplete embolization group consisted of 10 patients whose esophageal varices had disappeared, but no embolization had occurred. Recurrence rates within 2 yr after the treatment were compared between complete and incomplete embolization groups. The recurrence rates in the respective groups were 6.7% (1 of 15) and 70.0% (7 of 10), indicating a significant difference between the two groups (p less than 0.05) and indicating that embolization of both esophageal varices and their feeders is essential to lower the recurrence rate after sclerotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of preoperative radiotherapy on rectal cancer. Preliminary report on combining radiation with intratumor injections of peplomycin and bromodeoxyuridine.

Between 1976 and 1983, 61 patients with advanced rectal cancer underwent Miles' operation at the authors' institution. All lesions were located 10 cm or less from the anal verge. Of these patients, 25 were treated by surgery alone and 36 were given preoperative radiotherapy. The total dose was 42.6 Gy, (30.6 Gy [1.8 Gy/fr x 5/week]) delivered to the entire pelvis plus an additional 12 Gy (3.0 Gy/fr x 4/week) delivered to the primary tumor. Of 36 patients, 21 were administered intratumor injections of peplomycin and bromodeoxyuridine at the time of boost radiation and 15 were treated without intratumor injections. During the follow-up period (3 to 9 years), in the groups of patients who underwent radiation, there was only one local failure (2.8 percent). In contrast, in the group of patients treated by surgery alone, eight local failures occurred (32 percent). The intratumor injection significantly enhanced the effect of radiation on tumor regression. The incidence of positive lymph nodes was higher in patients in the surgery alone group than it was in the groups treated with radiation. There was no difference in the rate of distant metastasis among the three treatment groups. The five-year survival rate for the radiation with intratumor injection group, radiation alone group, and surgery alone group, was 77.8, 69.2, and 56.0 percent, respectively. No severe complication was experienced.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Intense accumulation of indium-111 leukocytes in peritonitis carcinomatosa.

In order to detect the infectious foci in a case of terminal recurrent cancer of the sigmoid colon with intense inflammation, In-111 oxine leukocyte scintigraphy was performed. Leukocytes labeled with In-111 oxine quickly localized within the region of peritonitis carcinomatosa and could be imaged after 4 hours. With time, high activity appeared in this area. And 48 hours after injection, the large intestine was clearly seen. However, no activity was seen in the main recurrent tumor. This suggested that the labeled leukocytes had accumulated in regions of inflammation rather than in malignant tissue. When performing In-111 leukocyte scintigraphy for diseases in which tumor cells and inflammation are mixed, distinguishing the two components is particularly important, and time-sequential scanning is very useful.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

[Electrophysiological monitoring of the brainstem function in impending brain death--serial changes of blink reflex and brainstem auditory evoked potential].

Serial changes of EEG, BR and BAEP recordings were obtained over a period of two days on two patients who had suffered massive cerebral hemorrhage while their clinical condition evolved from coma with evidence of preserved cerebral and brainstem functions to a state meeting the criteria of brain death. As clinical evidence of deteriorating brainstem function became apparent in case 1, first wave IV and V components of BAEP disappeared while waves I to III were normal. Finally, when clinical criteria of brain death were fulfilled, the BAEP response was restricted to wave I with small amplitude to stimulation of left ear only. These serial changes were likely consistent with gradual dissolution of brainstem function in a rostrocaudal direction. By contrast, in case 2, the BAEP response was restricted to waves I and II and was stationary in the whole process of impending brain death in no association with some preservation of cerebral and brainstem function. The changes of BAEP was not parallel to the progressive deterioration of EEG and BR. After meeting clinical criteria of brain death, complete abolition of waves II and I was sequential in that order, and then Babinski sign besides withdrawal and deep tendon reflexes may revive in the extremities. Monitoring of serial electrophysiological changes is helpful in the course of impending brain death to determine whether revival of Babinski sign is due to recovery of cerebral-brainstem dysfunction or due to establishment of spinal autonomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Electrophysiological study of congenital facial paralysis].

The common cause of neonatal facial asymmetry is facial nerve paralysis or "asymmetric crying facies syndrome". In the not uncommon later the lower lip, symmetrical at rest, becomes tilted to the so-called normal side when the patient is smiling or crying, as the congenital hypogenesis of sublabial muscles fail to pull down the lower lip in the opposite side. The electrophysiological differentiation between the two diseases has been performed by orbicularis oculi and oris reflexes with mechanically glabellar and supralabial tapping stimulation, respectively, in addition to needle and/or surface EMG recording. In the facial nerve paralysis of the case 1, R1 and R2 were absent in the orbicularis oculi and oris reflexes. EMG activity was completely lacking over the M. orbicularis oculi and oris innervated by facial nerve. On the contrary, the orbicularis oculi and oris reflexes were normal in the asymmetric crying facial of the case 2. EMG activity was absent only in the sublabial muscles including M. depressor anguli oris and/or M. depressor labii inferioris. Furthermore, needle EMG disclosed no spontaneous activity at rest, which was suggestive of no denervation in the sublabial muscles. It was, however, not possible to determine exactly which muscle the needle was inserted, the M. deprossor anguli oris or the M. depressor labii inferioris. The case 3 might be a variant of asymmetric crying facies with hypogenesis of M. orbicularis oris and/or oculi as well as the sublabial muscle, since the latency was normal but the amplitude was significantly attenuated in the components of orbicularis oculi and oris reflexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1985

Villous adenoma in the large bowel following ureterosigmoidostomy: a case report and review of the pertinent literature.

This report presents a case of colonic adenoma which developed after ureterosigmoidostomy. A 71-year-old man was initially treated by total cystectomy and ureterosigmoidostomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in 1970. In 1983, a routine checkup revealed urinary occult blood. A barium enema x-ray showed a polypoid lesion in the sigmoid colon. Colonoscopy confirmed the presence of the polyp adjacent to the ureteral stoma. The biopsy findings were interpreted as villous adenoma with severe atypia. This tumor was removed endoscopically. This is the seventh case report of neoplasia occurring in the sigmoid colon after ureterosigmoidostomy in Japan. Review of the pertinent literature indicates that patients who have undergone this type of urinary diversion have an increased risk of development of large bowel neoplasia. Adequate and regular surveillance of these patients has been suggested in order to help in early detection.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Lithotomy of intrahepatic and choledochal stones with Yag laser.

Eight patients with intrahepatic bile duct stones and three with choledochal stones were treated by Yag laser using a choledochofiberscope. A choledochoscope was inserted through a T-tube fistula in five patients or a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage fistula in six patients. In one patient, right partial lobectomy of the liver was performed after most of the stones were withdrawn, since some stones in the extremely narrow bile duct had not been removed. Most of the intrahepatic bile duct stones and choledochal stones will be withdrawn using the Yag laser and a choledochofiberscope, when they were bilirubin stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Tissue concentration of 5-FU following pre-operative administration of FT-207].

Forty patients with gastric cancer and 30 patients with colon cancer were administered FT-207 prior to the operation. The relation between a total dose (4-88g) and tissue concentration of 5-FU was investigated and the following results were obtained. (5-FU concentration was measured with the method of Gas chromatography mas fragmentography) 1) The relation between total doses of FT-207 (x) and concentration of 5-FU in the tissue (y) was demonstrated by the formula: y = 0.00317x + 0.025 (gastric cancer) r = 0.519, p = 0.0001 y = 0.0019x + 0.043 (colon cancer) r = 0.641, p = 0.0001 2) In most of the patients with rectal cancer who received radiation therapy prior to the operation, 5-FU concentration in the tissue was extremely low. 3) 5-FU concentration showed no difference between the normal and metastatic lymph nodes, or among the lymph node groups. Administration methods (oral intake or suppository) had no influence on the concentration of 5-FU. 4) Among the organs, 5-FU concentration was higher in the following orders: liver, normal mucosa, lymph node, tumor, normal serosa. 5) In five autopsy cases, 5-FU concentration of the tissue show a great difference among them, and some cases showed 10 times as high concentration as others in the tissue of every organ.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices for patients undergoing emergency and elective surgery.

From October 1977 to September 1981, 68 patients with esophageal varices (30 emergency cases of bleeding and 38 elective cases) were treated by injecting 5% ethanolamine oleate into varices, using an esophagofiberscope. Esophageal bleeding was successfully controlled in 29 of 30 patients who had emergency surgery. None of the 38 patients who underwent elective operation had bleeding after treatment. When recurrence occurred 1 or 2 years after treatment, the same procedure was repeated. Pleuritis occurred in one of the patients who had emergency surgery, and bleeding (300 to 400 ml) from the esophagocardial junction occurred in two patients who underwent elective operation. These patients were treatment conservatively.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resection combined with intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for stage IV (TNM) gallbladder carcinoma.

From October 1976 to May, 1990, a total of 86 patients with stage IV (TNM) gallbladder cancer were treated at Tsukuba University Hospital. Twenty-seven of the 86 patients underwent tumor resection; 43 patients received palliative surgery. The remaining 16 were too advanced to have surgery. Of 27 patients who had tumor resection, 9 had resection alone, 17 had intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) +/- postoperative external radiotherapy (ERT), and 1 had postoperative ERT. The procedures used were: extended right hepatic lobectomy plus hepaticobiliary resection (HBR) (n = 2), hepatic segmentectomy (SIVb, SV) plus HBR (n = 9), hepatic segmentectomy (SIV, V, VI) with HBR (n = 1), hepatic segmentectomy (SIV, V) plus HBR with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) (n = 3), PD plus HBR (n = 1), cholecystectomy with wedge resection of the gallbladder fossa plus HBR (n = 3), and cholecystectomy plus HBR (n = 3), and cholecystectomy (n = 4). Regional lymph node dissections were performed in every patient and 17 of 27 patients underwent additional resections of adjacent organs such as the stomach, duodenum, colon, and abdominal wall. A single dose of 20-30 Gy was delivered intraoperatively for 17 patients. A mean total dose of 36.4 Gy (1.8/fraction) was added to IORT for 10 patients. The three-year cumulative survival rate was 10.1% for resection plus IORT but 0% for resection alone. The longest survivor is alive and well at 3 years and 3 patients are alive 16, 13, and 4 months after tumor resection followed by IORT plus ERT.

Adenocarcinoma↗