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Biomedical subjects

K P Pandya

Publications and source records attributed to K P Pandya.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Hepatotoxicity in albino rats exposed to n-octane and n-nonane.

Effects of n-octane and n-nonane (1 ml per kg body weight daily) on hepatic and serum enzymes, which reflect abnormal liver function and concentration of lipid and nucleic acid (serum and liver), were studied after 2 and 7 days intraperitoneal administration to albino rats. Decreased activities of serum acetylcholine esterase and carboxyl esterase were observed, together with an increase in FDP aldolase activity. Significant decrease in the concentration of albumin, total protein, and total and esterified cholesterol in serum have been noted after n-octane and n-nonane administration for 7 days. Also, free cholesterol content of liver was elevated significantly after solvents exposure.

Alkanes↗
PubMed1985

Central nervous system effect of 2,5-hexane diol.

Single exposure of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg 2,5-hexanediol, (2,5 HD) a metabolite of n-hexane showed no significant effect on 3H-spiroperidol binding to corpus striatal membranes when compared with control animals, where as repeated exposure of 2,5-HD, 300 and 600 mg/kg caused a significant increase in 3H-spiroperidol binding. Data of the Scatchard analysis revealed a significant increase in the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) without any significant alteration in the affinity of the receptor (KD). The effect of hexane diol appears to be reversible, as no significant effect was observed 7 days after the cessation of the treatment. The increase in amphetamine induced locomotor activity and apomorphine induced stereotypy in the animals exposed to repeated doses of 2,5-hexane diol suggests an increase in the sensitivity of the receptors. The biochemical and behavioral studies suggests the involvement of dopaminergic transmitter function in the neurotoxicity of 2,5-HD.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1984

Involvement of iron and free radicals in benzene toxicity.

The 59Fe distribution after a single i.v. injection of 59Fe citrate in rats exposed to benzene was studied in circulating erythrocytes and organs up to period of 1 hr to 14 days. The iron content was significantly higher in bone marrow and liver compared to a control group of animals. A few cells with hemosiderin granules were observed in the benzene-administered group. Benzene increased lipid peroxidation in the liver and bone marrow and iron accelerated it further. Superoxide dismutase activities measured in terms of epinephrine auto-oxidation, an indirect measure of superoxide anion generation was enhanced in the benzene-treated groups. The data suggest the involvement of oxygen activation in benzene toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Subcutaneous kerosene toxicity in albino rats.

Biochemical, histopathological, and hematological parameters were studied in male Wistar rats after repeated subcutaneous administration of commercial kerosene (0.5 ml/kg body wt, 6 days a week) for a period of 35 days. At necropsy, treatment-related increases in the weights of liver, spleen, and peripheral lymph nodes were noted. Correspondingly, there was an increase in DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid contents of liver and spleen. Histopathological examination of liver, spleen, thymus, kidney, adrenal, and lymph nodes revealed treatment-related lesions. Similarly, biochemical indices studied in liver revealed an increase in alkaline phosphatase and a decrease in benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase levels. Furthermore serum cholinesterase, carboxylesterase, and albumin levels were significantly diminished while serum alkaline phosphatase levels were found to be greatly enhanced. The findings might be related as the likely systemic effects in workers upon percutaneous kerosene exposure during work.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1982

Effect of n-octane and n-nonane administration on alkaline phosphatase activity in tissues of female rats.

Studies on alkaline phosphatase were conducted in albino rats exposed to n-octane or n-nonane for 2 and 7 days; there was an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity of liver, spleen and bone marrow. Increase in spleen alkaline phosphatase activity persisted up to 42 days after single dose of n-octane or n-nonane. Pretreatment with protein synthesis inhibitors, cycloheximide or ethionine removed this observed increase of alkaline phosphatase activity in liver and spleen.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

Toxicity of n-hexane and n-heptane: some biochemical changes in liver and serum.

The toxic effects of i.p. administered n-hexane and n-heptane on biochemical processes in rat liver, as indicated by the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and decrease in FDP aldolase activity, and their reflection on blood chemistry, were studied. Serum cholinesterase activity and albumin and cholesterol content showed statistically significant decreases with the increase in FDP aldolase activity. The significance of the findings is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Biochemical changes induced by naphthalene after oral administration in albino rats.

Biochemical alterations were observed in albino rats after oral administration of naphthalene for 10 days. The changes were significant in the liver where increases in liver weight, lipid peroxidation and aniline hydroxylase activity were observed. A slight increase of alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in the liver and eye. No significant change was observed in the kidney.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Hepatic metabolism of heme in rats after exposure to benzene, gasoline and kerosene.

delta-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetase, delta-ALA dehydratase and heme oxygenase activities were studied in the liver of albino rats, 3 and 20 h after i.p. administration of benzene, gasoline, and kerosene. delta-ALA synthetase activity was increased markedly after benzene administration, while gasoline and kerosene treated groups showed decreased enzyme activity. Inhibition of delta-ALA dehydratase activity was observed in all three groups, but heme oxygenase activity was unchanged.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1980

n-Octane and n-nonane induced alterations in xenobiotic metabolising enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation of rat liver.

After 2 and 7 days on n-octane and n-nonane administration (intraperitoneally) to female albino rats, alterations in the levels of hepatic xenobiotic metabolising enzyme activities and TBA reactants were observed. Fifty to eighty per cent reduction in the specific activities of benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase, benzphetamine-N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase and glutathione-S-transferase were observed. Cytochrome P-450 and free sulfhydryl contents of liver were also decreased significantly after 7 days treatment on n-octane and n-nonane. A 2- and 3- fold increase in liver lipid peroxidation estimated as TBA reactants was observed in the animals treated for 2 or 7 days with n-octane or n-nonane.

Alkanes↗
PubMed1979

Distribution of Fe59 in benzene and iomex treated rats.

The distribution of Fe59 in plasma and blood at various time intervals has been studied in control, benzene and iomex administered, and anemic rats. A significant difference between control and benzene, and iomex treated animals was observed in the rate of reappearance of Fe59 in blood circulation. The accumulation of Fe59 in various organs was noted at the end of 48 h. A significant increase in the radio-iron content was observed in bone marrow, spleen and liver of benzene and iomex treated rats as compared to those of control rats.

Alkenes↗
PubMed1978

Effects of petroleum hydrocarbon solvents on alkaline phosphatase of rats.

After administration of benzene, gasoline, IOMEX or petroleum ether, liver alkaline phosphatase showed over 200% increase in activity whereas kidney alkaline phosphatase activity was depressed by 50%. The pattern of separation of isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in liver, kidney and serum indicated involvement of one of the isoenzymes. A simple method of detecting the incipent toxicity is described.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Interaction of endosulfan and metepa in rats.

Repeated administration of endosulfan or metepa or their mixture did not induce any significant histological changes in the organs examined in male rats. Similarly, the activity of different enzymes assayed here showed no significant alterations. The level of endosulfan did not differ significantly in presence or absence of metepa in the samples of blood, brain, fatty tissue, kidney, liver and testis. The observations do not suggest any kind of additive or antagonistic effects or potentiation of each compound in presence of the other, at the doses and duration studied in male rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Toxicological studies on hydrocarbons--Iomex.

Hematological changes and concurrent enzymatic activities in various tissues were determined in rats injected parentally with Iomex, a petroleum derivate and proposed weedicide. Among the hematological parameters studied only the differential leucocytic count showed significant alterations. This was indicated by a significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in those of neutrophils. Significant differences were not observed in the levels of acid phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic, and glutamic pyruvate transaminase activities in brain and liver of the experimental group of animals.

Acid Phosphatase↗