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Biomedical subjects

K Parsch

Publications and source records attributed to K Parsch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Ultrasound diagnosis of congenital knee dislocation].

Since 1990, more than 50 children with hyperextended knee joints have been treated based on sonographic assessment. Ultrasound imaging has been useful for primary diagnosis, classification, and follow-up of conservative treatment. The image quality of sonographic documentation more or less equates the more expensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has become the golden standard of imaging hyperextended knee joints. There is almost no more need for plain X-rays.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed2000

Follow-up study after treatment of knee flexion contractures in spina bifida patients.

Knee flexion contractures in spina bifida patients are seen in all levels of paralysis. The majority is encountered in children with thoracolumbar lesions. Positional deformation, spinal reflex activity, fractures around the knee joint and a weak quadriceps are the main causes of the flexion deformity of the knee. One hundred and forty-five knee flexion contractures in 80 children have been treated between 1980 and 1995; 15 with unilateral contracture, 65 with bilateral involvement. The age at the time of correction in 38 patients with thoracolumbar lesions was between 24 months and 11 years (average, 7.7 years). In 42 patients with sacral or lumbosacral lesions, the age at the time of correction was between 10 and 19 years (average, 16.3 years). Associated surgery was mainly carried out on hip flexors, adductors and triceps surae. Complete posterior release was practiced in thoracolumbar lesions including posterior capsulotomy and release of the posterior cruciate ligament. In lumbosacral lesions, the lengthened tendons are sutured to prevent flexor weakness in the postoperative course. Vascular and neurologic structures are spared. Postoperative serial casts are helpful to achieve full extension without vascular or skin troubles. The long-term results were very good in 59 patients with 106 knees, good in 16 patients with 29 knees, and unsatisfactory in 5 patients with 10 knees. Slow deterioration years after surgery can be anticipated. The main causes are lack of personal initiative to stand and to walk, and obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Allergic reactions to latex in myelodysplasia: a review of the literature.

Current research has identified clinically relevant allergens in natural latex. Children with myelodysplasia are especially considered to be at risk for the development of immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity, which can lead to life-threatening intraoperative anaphylaxis. A careful medical history is mandatory to identify patients who might be predisposed to anaphylactic reactions. Preventive measures involve primarily the avoidance of latex contact at home and in hospitals for all patients with myelodysplasia. The effectiveness of additional pharmacologic prophylaxis has to be determined further.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Concomitant vascular complications in supracondylar humerus fractures in children].

From January 1st 1990 to December 31st 1997, 614 children were treated for supracondylar humerus fracture at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery in the Olga Hospital, Stuttgart. Ten of these children had concomitant vascular complications. The concept of treatment we had chosen was analysed retrospectively. The median patient age of the seven girls and three boys with vascular complications was six years. The vascular injuries were diagnosed after admission to the hospital by palpation of the wrist pulse, clinical appraisal of the vascularity and by registration of the Doppler signal via the arteries of the wrist. The emergency operations carried out initially comprised fragment reposition and fixation with crossed K wires via an access route on the extensor side in all ten children. The subsequent appraisal of the blood flow revealed a pulse restoration (transient vascular occlusion due to dislocation) in two out of the ten children. In eight out of the ten children, the pulse did not return, which is why the vessel had to be explored under emergency conditions. Intraoperatively, we saw a vascular spasm with functional vascular occlusion in one of these eight children. Mechanical vascular occlusion were diagnosed in five of these eight children. In adventitial strangulation (two of these five children), the pulse transmission to the hand occurred immediately after severance of the strangulation connective tissue. In intimal damage (three of these five children), the vascular segment concerned was resected and reconstructed, mostly in the form of an end-to-end-anastomosis with venous patch grafting. We observed a combined vascular occlusion (mechanical-functional occlusion) in two out of these eight children. In the follow-up investigation, the wrist pulses could be palpated in nine children. Nine children had a physiological signal in color duplex sonography, and one child had a pathological monophasic signal over the brachial artery, radial artery as well as the ulnar artery. Late ischemic damage (cold intolerance, claudicatio, Volkmann's contracture) were not detected in any of the children. Appraisal of elbow joint mobility revealed a median extension deficit of 0 degrees (range 0-10 degrees ), a median flexion deficit of 0 degrees (range 0-15 degrees ) and a normal pronation and supination equal on each side. The load-carrying joint axis was normal in a comparison of the sides in all children.

Arm↗
PubMed1999

[Primary treatment of clubfoot].

Our primary club foot therapy consists of a combination of plaster cast manipulation, physiotherapy and surgical correction. The initial plaster cast method of 4 to 6 weeks is followed by a functional mobilisation of the foot. The main aim being the reduction of the malpositioned talus in the ankle mortise. If there is residual deformity surgery is planned after six month. We use the Cincinnati approach with the possibility of the dorsal, medial and lateral release, enabling a correction of the hind-, mid- and forefoot. The main part of postoperative care is seen in the functional rehabilitation of the foot by physiotherapy, in order to achieve a cosmetic foot with good functions. Physiotherapy is advised until the child enters school in order to preserve function and form into adult life. A high frequency of satisfactory results can be expected using this protocol.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Intertrochanteric corrective osteotomy for moderate and severe chronic slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

A total of 299 acute, acute on chronic, and chronic slips were treated from 1975 to 1997. The patients were reviewed in three cohorts: 75 patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) were treated between 1975 and 1982, 101 patients with 107 slips were treated from 1983 to 1991, and 110 patients with 117 slips were treated from 1992 to 1997. The authors have corrected 130 hips with chronic slips by intertrochanteric osteotomy. Of these 130 hips, 111 were moderate slips between 20 and 50 degrees, 19 hips with a slipping angle of more than 50 degrees were classified as severe chronic slips. During the same period, 92 chronic slips less than 20 degrees were treated by fixation in situ, and 77 acute or acute on chronic slips had an open and exceptionally a closed reduction followed by fixation. Eight postoperative fractures caused by inadequate plate fixation were observed after these 130 intertrochanteric osteotomies. They all necessitated plate replacement followed by uneventful healing. Three patients with major displacement developed chondrolysis after the corrective osteotomy, two were transient, and one patient developed avascular necrosis (AVN). The midterm clinical results showed a satisfactory outcome in all three cohorts. In 47 patients in the series from 1975 to 1982, the clinical outcome was measured using Imhäuser's score: 43 patients had good and very good results, 4 patients had a moderate or bad result. In the second and third series, the IOWA hip score was used to measure the clinical outcome. The 49 patients with osteotomies for chronic slips treated from 1983 to 1991 had an average score of 90.3 points, and 1 patient had AVN. In the latest series from 1992 to 1997 with 34 corrective osteomies, there was no chondrolysis or AVN and the average IOWA score was 93.9 points.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical studies in suspected hip dysplasia or dislocation].

Exact and sensitive clinical screening during the neonatal period allows detection of a majority of hip dysplasia and dislocations. Roser-Ortolani-Barlow maneuver promotes early detection of dislocatable hips and therefore opens the perspective for a successful early treatment. Ultrasound allows a good differentiation of suspected clinical abnormalities.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Coxitis in the newborn infant and infant. Diagnosis and therapy].

From 198 o 1996 (12 years) we saw 24 neonates and small infants with septic arthritis of the hip joint. A minority of these infants was simultaneously affected by osteomyelitis of the femoral neck or the acetabulum. Clinical signs are a painful leg, pseudoparalysis, uneasiness and refusal to drink. Quantitative measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP) are more reliable then leucocyte count and sedimentation rate. Ultrasound images yield early information about capsular swelling and septic effusion; in late cases US can visualize femoral neck necrosis. Emergency arthrotomy to relieve the joint from septic effusion, bacteriological specimens and capsular biopsy are mandatory. Intravenous application of a second-generation cephalosporin as antibiotic has proven effective. We have been using cefuroxim for the past 10 years, changed if necessary according to the antibiogram. Parenteral antibiotic treatment is continued for an average of 3 weeks, followed by oral treatment for another 3 weeks. CRP normalisation monitors the cure from the disease. Our 24 cases included 7 with group B streptococci 2 with Staphylococcus aureus, 2 with Staphylococcus epidermidis and 2 with Escherichia coli. In 8 cases no germs could be cultured; 6 of them had outside antibiotic treatment before being transferred. If treatment was initiated within 3 days, healing without residuals was the rule. In 18 cases with early and sufficient treatment no sequelae were observed. With delay of treatment for several days, moderate osteomyelitic changes of the neck and the acetabulum were observed. In a case with delay of surgical treatment for 5 weeks, complete destruction of the hip joint occurred, causing a poor final result.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1997

[Hematogenous multifocal osteomyelitis].

The clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of haematogenous multifocal osteomyelitis, a rare illness, are described. Of clinical note are the pain, pseudoparalyses and restriction of movement. Staphylococcus aureus was the pathogen in both of the cases we described. Sonography is a useful diagnostic tool for the localization of subperiosteal abscesses; scintigraphy is a supplementary examination for cases where it is difficult to establish a diagnosis. MR-tomography is the most reliable method for examination of proximal infected foci (spondylitis, pelvis osteomyelitis). In our view, the earliest possible removal of all infected foci by means of operation and parenteral antibiotics mare the most important treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1995

[Juvenile bone cysts. Relative value and therapy results of cortisone injections].

Seventy-one children and adolescents with unicameral bone cysts were treated between 1982 and 1992. Fifty-one percent were in the proximal humerus, 34% in the femur, 10% in the tibia, and only 5% in other sites. Until 1986 biopsies were routinely done. Since then, only selected cases have been biopsied because of uncertainty in the radiological diagnosis. In 70% the diagnosis was a pathological fracture as a result of the cyst. Cortisone injections were introduced in 1982. It replaced currettage and bone grafting, which was the routine treatment until then. Ninety-two percent of the cysts healed or healed with residuals according to the Neer classification. Additional osteosynthesis was done in pathological fractures of the femoral neck. The results are achieved with little morbidity, and low cost which justifies continuation of this treatment protocol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Natural course of Perthes disease].

The natural history of Perthes' disease can be followed in children with low Catterall rating, absent head-at risk signs and in the age group below 5 years. Thirty-one out of 34 patients who had been followed without active treatment healed with excellent results according to Stulberg's classification. Three unfavorable results were seen in patients who had refused treatment when suggested or who had failed to come in for the follow-up examination for an extensive period of time. Catterall's grading and head-at-risk signs must be watched carefully in order not to overlook cases where active treatment is mandatory. The described concept has been critically monitored and has proven to work with reliable results.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Treatment of spastic club foot].

In 38 patients with spastic cerebral palsy, treatment was carried out for talipes equinovarus. There were 12 children with spastic hemiplegia, while 24 had diplegia or tetraplegia. Surgery was done with the goal of achieving plantigrade and muscle-balanced feet. In 24 feet of 19 children tibialis anterior transfer was performed, while tibialis posterior transfer was done in 20 feet of 19 patients. Without exception, additional surgery was performed on the triceps surae (30 x ATLs and 16 Vulpius operations); medial arthrolysis was also necessary in 6 cases. The clinical results were assessed by the senior author in the weekly neuro-orthopedic clinic an average of 3.2 years after surgery. An additional questionnaire was sent to all patients' families asking for their subjective assessment of the surgery performed. Figures were collected for 30 patients with 38 treated feet. The results were evaluated according to Kling's criteria. We saw good and very good results in 75% of the patients (4 feet very good, 23 feet good), while 25% of the patients (9 feet in 7 patients) showed poor results with over-corrections and calcaneo-valgus foot as the main problem. The best results were seen in spastic hemiplegia and the poorest in patients with severe tetraplegia and total body involvement.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1992

[The painful hip joint in the child: differential diagnosis and therapy of coxitis fugax, Perthes disease and septic coxitis].

The differential diagnosis of a painful hip joint in children is important. Transient synovitis is frequently seen in children from 3 to 7 years of age with a short history of limping. The joint effusion is visualized by ultrasound. Radiograms and laboratory data are negative. Therapy consists of short term bed rest supported by an oral antiphlogistic drug. Children with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease complain about knee or hip pain in an early stage. X-ray documentation in the a.p and axial view are mandatory as well as ultrasound visualization of the accompanying effusion. Healing of the capital femural epiphysis is aided by weight relief and improved head containment. This may need from one to three years according to the age of the child and the amount of head involvement. More than half of the children's hips with Perthes disease surgical help to achieve a satisfactory result. Hip pain is overwhelming in cases of septic arthritis of the hip joint. This is the most important help to differentiate septic coxitis from transient synovitis or Perthes disease. Rapidly rising values of red cell sedimentation and c-reactive protein are important for early diagnosis. Septic effusions are visualized by ultrasound. X-ray changes are absent in the beginning and are seen only in delayed cases. Early arthrotomy with scrupulous rinsing of the joint, followed by parenteral antibiotic treatment, is the treatment of choice.

Arthritis, Infectious↗